Pakatan Harapan

Alliance of Hope

Pakatan Harapan
Alliance of Hope Pakatan Harapan
Malay name	Pakatan Harapan; ڤاكتن هارڤن
Chinese name	希望聯盟; 希望联盟; Xīwàng liánméng
Tamil name	நம்பிக்கை கூட்டணி
Abbreviation	PH
Chairman	Anwar Ibrahim
President	Wan Azizah Wan Ismail
Deputy Presidents	Anthony Loke Siew Fook; Mohamad Sabu; Wilfred Madius Tangau
Vice-Presidents	Chong Chieng Jen; Salahuddin Ayub; M. Kulasegaran; Christina Liew[1]
Founded	22 September 2015
Legalised	16 May 2018[2]
Preceded by	Pakatan Rakyat
Headquarters	A-1-09 Merchant Square ; Jalan Tropicana Selatan 1 ; 47410 Petaling Jaya (PH Secretariat and PKR); Kuala Lumpur (DAP and AMANAH); Penampang (UPKO)
Newspaper	Newspapers The Rocket; Roketkini; Suara Keadilan; Suara Amanah; Keadilan Daily; Suara Pakatan Daily; UPKO Kini; Nabalu News; Unofficial:; Malaysiakini;
Student wing	Pakatan Harapan Student Movement
Youth wing	Pakatan Harapan Youth Movement[3][4]
Women's wing	Pakatan Harapan Women's Movement[5]
Ideology	Majority:; Social democracy; Social liberalism; Civic nationalism; Reformism; Multiracialism; Factions: Social justice; Progressivism; Islamic democracy; Islamic modernism; Secularism; Left-wing nationalism; Regionalism; Anti-corruption;
Political position	Centre-left
Colours	Red and white
Slogan	Malaysia Baharu ; (For a New Malaysia)
Dewan Negara	4 / 70
Dewan Rakyat	103 / 222
Dewan Undangan Negeri	194 / 607
Chief minister of states	3 / 13
Election symbol
Website
	pakatanharapan.my
	Politics of Malaysia; Political parties; Elections;

The Alliance of Hope (Malay: Pakatan Harapan; abbrev: PH) is a Malaysian political coalition consisting of centre-left and centre-right parties which was formed in 2015 to succeed the Pakatan Rakyat coalition. It was the ruling coalition for 22 months at the federal level after it won the 2018 Malaysian general election to February 2020 when it lost power as a result of the 2020 Malaysian political crisis. The coalition deposed the Barisan Nasional coalition government during the 2018 election, ending its 60 year-long reign (taken together with its predecessor, Alliance) since independence.

It is currently the largest opposition coalition in the Dewan Rakyat with 90 seats. While at the state level, it is the ruling coalition in three of the 13 states in the country, Penang, Selangor and Negeri Sembilan. It also holds two-thirds majorities in the state legislative assemblies of Penang and Selangor.

The coalition consists of the Democratic Action Party, People's Justice Party, National Trust Party, and United Progressive Kinabalu Organisation. Its main allies are the Heritage Party, Homeland Fighters' Party, Malaysian United Democratic Alliance and Sarawak United Party.

The coalition lost its majority in parliament and fell from power in February 2020 when its chairman and then-Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad resigned, and the Malaysian United Indigenous Party together with 11 members of parliament from the People's Justice Party left the coalition.[6][7][8]

History

Formation

Pakatan Harapan is a direct successor to the three-party Pakatan Rakyat coalition that consisted of the People's Justice Party, the Democratic Action Party and the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party. Pakatan Harapan was founded on 22 September 2015, two years after the 2013 general election, due to disagreements and conflicts between PAS and DAP mainly regarding the issue of the implementation of the sharia law, resulting in PAS splitting off from Pakatan Rakyat and the break-up of the coalition on 16 June 2015.[9][10] The dissolution resulted in the formation of a new coalition named Pakatan Harapan, consisting the former Pakatan Rakyat parties, PKR and DAP, and a PAS split-off party, the National Trust Party.[11][12]

On 12 November 2016, a United Malays National Organisation split-off party, the Malaysian United Indigenous Party, founded and led by former Malaysian Prime Minister, Mahathir Mohamad, confirmed that the party was committed to joining the opposition bloc Pakatan Harapan.[13][14] Later, on 13 December, the party formed an electoral pact with Pakatan Harapan,[15] and finally on 14 March 2017, BERSATU officially joined Pakatan Harapan as a member party.[16]

2018 general election

On 14 July 2017, the Presidential council line-up was confirmed. A common logo was also introduced with the word “Harapan” with the “A” shaped as a chevron in white on a red background. The logo was initially planned to be used by all participating candidates for the 2018 general election, but the use of the logo and registration of the coalition was denied by the Election Commission.[17] To pursue the coalition's plan to contest under a common logo, Pakatan announced that the PKR logo will be used by all component parties of the coalition as its election symbol in the elections,[18] excluding for DAP who chose to contest under their own party flag in Sabah and Sarawak.[19][20][21]

The coalition secured an electoral pact with the Sabah-based Sabah Heritage Party for the 2018 general election. WARISAN's president, Shafie Apdal, promised that the party would be represented on the federal cabinet if the coalition came to power,[22] adding that through the electoral pact they will only co-operate with Pakatan as an ally, and not joining the pact as a component party since they will only contest in Sabah, not in Peninsular Malaysia.[23] In that election, Pakatan Harapan swept the election and formed the government in a surprise upset overturning the former ruling party UMNO's decades of uninterrupted rule, as the Malay vote was dissatisfied and mainly went to Amanah and popular former Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad's party Bersatu, while the Chinese vote was solidly behind parties like DAP and PKR. Following the surprise victory of Pakatan Harapan and WARISAN in the general election, the United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organisation announced that they have left Barisan Nasional and will form a new Sabah state government with WARISAN and Pakatan Harapan.[24] UPKO and WARISAN are currently both the allies for Pakatan Harapan since both parties are also allied towards each other's in Sabah.[25]

At the state level, due to 2018 general election results the coalition formed the government in the states of Kedah, Penang, Perak, Selangor, Malacca, Negeri Sembilan, Johor and Sabah.[note 1] Pakatan Harapan also forms a government with a two-thirds majority in the states of Penang, Selangor and Johor.

Post-election

On 16 May 2018, the coalition was officially registered.[26]

On 24 February 2020, Mahathir resigned as the Prime Minister. BERSATU which had 26 MPs, withdrew from the ruling Pakatan Harapan coalition. In addition, 11 MPs from PKR resigned from the party to form an independent bloc. This leaves Pakatan Harapan 37 seats short of the 112 seats needed to form a government. The surprise announcement came amid speculation that Mahathir was attempting to form a new ruling coalition that would exclude his designated successor Anwar Ibrahim.[6][7][8] However, Anwar later clarified to reporters that Mahathir did not orchestrate the act. These events also resulted in the number of Pakatan Harapan coalition member parties returned to the original three.[27]

At the state level, Pakatan Harapan lost control of Johor, Malacca, Perak and Kedah. A few PKR, DAP and AMANAH representatives in the state legislative assemblies quit their party and expressed support for the new government Perikatan Nasional in those four states.[28][29][30][31]

Member parties, allied parties and strategic partners

Flag	Name			Ideology	Position	Leader(s)	Seats contested	2018 result		Current seats
Flag	Name			Ideology	Position	Leader(s)	Seats contested	Votes (%)	Seats	Composition
Member parties
		DAP	Democratic Action Party Parti Tindakan Demokratik	Social democracy	Centre-left	Anthony Loke	47	17.37%	42 / 222	42 / 103
		PKR	People's Justice Party Parti Keadilan Rakyat	Social justice		Anwar Ibrahim	71	16.94%	47 / 222	36 / 103
		AMANAH	National Trust Party Parti Amanah Negara	Islamic modernism		Mohamad Sabu	34	5.43%	11 / 222	11 / 103
		UPKO	United Progressive Kinabalu Organisation Pertubuhan Kinabalu Progresif Bersatu	Sabah regionalism	N/A	Wilfred Madius Tangau	4 (under BN)	0.47%	1 / 222	1 / 103
Allied parties (PH Plus)
		WARISAN	Heritage Party Parti Warisan	Multiculturalism	Centre	Shafie Apdal	17	2.32%	8 / 222	7 / 103
		PEJUANG	Homeland Fighters' Party Parti Pejuang Tanah Air[32][33]	Malay nationalism	Centre to Centre-right	Mahathir Mohamad	N/A	N/A	0 / 222	4 / 103
		PSB	United Sarawak Party Parti Sarawak Bersatu	Sarawakian Regionalism	Centre	Wong Soon Koh	N/A	N/A	0 / 222	1 / 103
		MUDA	Malaysian United Democratic Alliance Ikatan Demokratik Malaysia[34][35]	Youth politics	Centre-left	Syed Saddiq	N/A	N/A	0 / 222	1 / 103
		KEMAJUAN	Malaysian Advancement Party Parti Kemajuan Malaysia	Egalitarianism	N/A	Waytha Moorthy Ponnusamy	N/A	N/A	0 / 222	0 / 103
Strategic partners
		PSM	Socialist Party of Malaysia Parti Sosialist Malaysia	Socialism	Left-wing	Michael Jeyakumar Devaraj	4	0.03%	0 / 222	0 / 103
		MIRA	Minority Rights Action Party Parti Tindakan Hak Minoriti	Liberal democracy	N/A	S. Gobi Krishnan	N/A	N/A	0 / 222	0 / 103

List of leaders

Chairmen

No.	Name (Birth–Death)	Portrait	Term of office		Time in office	Political party
1	Mahathir Mohamad (b. 1925)		14 July 2017	24 February 2020	2 years, 225 days	BERSATU
2	Anwar Ibrahim (b. 1947)		14 May 2020	Incumbent	1 year, 352 days	PKR

President

No.	Name (Birth–Death)	Portrait	Term of office		Time in office	Political party
1	Wan Azizah Wan Ismail (b. 1952)		14 July 2017	Incumbent	4 years, 291 days	PKR

Women Chiefs

No.	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office		Time in office	Political party
1	Zuraida Kamaruddin (b. 1958)	14 August 2017	24 February 2020	2 years, 194 days	PKR
2	Chong Eng (b. 1957)	18 March 2021	12 September 2021	178 days	DAP
3	Raj Muni Sabu @ Aiman Athirah (b. unknown)	12 September 2021	Incumbent	231 days	AMANAH

Youth Chiefs

No.	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office		Time in office	Political party
1	Nik Nazmi Nik Ahmad (b. 1982)	31 October 2017	13 December 2018	1 year, 43 days	PKR
2	Syed Saddiq Syed Abdul Rahman (b. 1992)	13 December 2018	24 February 2020	1 year, 73 days	BERSATU
3	Shazni Munir Mohd Ithnin (1987–2021)	4 March 2021	6 August 2021	155 days	AMANAH
4	Howard Lee Chuan How (b. 1983)	12 September 2021	Incumbent	231 days	DAP

Leadership structure

Anwar Ibrahim, the incumbent Chairman of Pakatan Harapan.

Chairman:
- Anwar Ibrahim (PKR)
President:
- Wan Azizah Wan Ismail (PKR)
Deputy President:
- Anthony Loke Siew Fook (DAP)
- Mohamad Sabu (AMANAH)
- Wilfred Madius Tangau (UPKO)
Vice-President:
- Chong Chieng Jen (DAP)
- Salahuddin Ayub (AMANAH)
- M. Kulasegaran (DAP)
- Christina Liew (PKR)
- Donald Peter Mojuntin (UPKO)
Chief Secretary:
- Saifuddin Nasution Ismail (PKR)
Treasurer:
- Husam Musa (AMANAH)
Women Chief:
- Raj Munni Sabu (ms) (AMANAH)
Youth Chief:
- Howard Lee (DAP)
Elections Director:
- Vacant
Communications Director:
- Fahmi Fadzil (PKR)
Strategies Director:
- Salahuddin Ayub (AMANAH)
Chief Whip:
- Anthony Loke Siew Fook (DAP)
State Chairman:
- Johor: Aminolhuda Hassan (AMANAH)
- Kedah: Johari Abdul (PKR)
- Kelantan: Muhammad Husin (AMANAH)
- Malacca: Adly Zahari (AMANAH)
- Negeri Sembilan: Aminuddin Harun (PKR)
- Pahang: Fuziah Salleh (PKR)
- Perak: Mujahid Yusof Rawa (AMANAH)
- Perlis: Noor Amin Ahmad (PKR)
- Penang: Chow Kon Yeow (DAP)
- Sabah: Christina Liew (PKR)
- Sarawak: Chong Chieng Jen (DAP)
- Selangor: Amirudin Shari (PKR)
- Terengganu: Raja Kamarul Bahrin (AMANAH)
- Federal Territory: Tan Kok Wai (DAP)

Elected representatives

Senators

His Majesty's appointee:
Penang State Legislative Assembly:
- Lim Hui Ying (DAP)
- Fadhlina Sidek (PKR)
Selangor State Legislative Assembly:
Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly:
- Kesavadas A. Achyuthan Nair (DAP)
- Ahmad Azam Hamzah (PKR)

Members of Parliament of the 14th Malaysian Parliament

Pakatan Harapan has 103 members in the House of Representatives (with allied parties).

State	No.	Parliament Constituency	Member
Perlis	P002	Kangar	Noor Amin Ahmad	PKR
Kedah	P004	Langkawi	Mahathir Mohamad	PEJUANG
	P005	Jerlun	Mukhriz Mahathir	PEJUANG
	P006	Kubang Pasu	Amiruddin Hamzah	PEJUANG
	P008	Pokok Sena	Mahfuz Omar	AMANAH
	P009	Alor Setar	Chan Ming Kai	PKR
	P010	Kuala Kedah	Azman Ismail	PKR
	P014	Merbok	Nor Azrina Surip	PKR
	P015	Sungai Petani	Johari Abdul	PKR
	P017	Padang Serai	Karuppaiya Muthusamy	PKR
	P018	Kulim-Bandar Baharu	Saifuddin Nasution Ismail	PKR
Penang	P043	Bagan	Lim Guan Eng	DAP
	P044	Permatang Pauh	Nurul Izzah Anwar	PKR
	P045	Bukit Mertajam	Steven Sim Chee Keong	DAP
	P046	Batu Kawan	Kasthuriraani Patto	DAP
	P048	Bukit Bendera	Wong Hon Wai	DAP
	P049	Tanjong	Chow Kon Yeow	DAP
	P050	Jelutong	Sanisvara Nethaji Rayer Rajaji Rayer	DAP
	P051	Bukit Gelugor	Ramkarpal Singh	DAP
	P052	Bayan Baru	Sim Tze Tzin	PKR
	P053	Balik Pulau	Muhammad Bakhtiar Wan Chik	PKR
Perak	P057	Parit Buntar	Mujahid Yusof Rawa	AMANAH
	P060	Taiping	Teh Kok Lim	DAP
	P062	Sungai Siput	Kesavan Subramaniam	PKR
	P064	Ipoh Timor	Wong Kah Woh	DAP
	P065	Ipoh Barat	Kulasegaran Murugeson	DAP
	P066	Batu Gajah	Sivakumar Varatharaju Naidu	DAP
	P068	Beruas	James Ngeh Koo Ham	DAP
	P070	Kampar	Thomas Su Keong Siong	DAP
	P071	Gopeng	Lee Boon Chye	PKR
	P074	Lumut	Mohd Hatta Ramli	AMANAH
	P076	Teluk Intan	David Nga Kor Ming	DAP
	P077	Tanjong Malim	Chang Lih Kang	PKR
Pahang	P080	Raub	Tengku Zulpuri Shah Raja Puji	DAP
	P083	Kuantan	Fuziah Salleh	PKR
	P088	Temerloh	Anuar Tahir	AMANAH
	P089	Bentong	Wong Tack	DAP
Selangor	P094	Hulu Selangor	June Leow Hsiad Hui	PKR
	P096	Kuala Selangor	Dzulkefly Ahmad	AMANAH
	P097	Selayang	William Leong Jee Keen	PKR
	P100	Pandan	Wan Azizah Wan Ismail	PKR
	P101	Hulu Langat	Hasanuddin Mohd. Yunus	AMANAH
	P102	Bangi	Ong Kian Ming	DAP
	P103	Puchong	Gobind Singh Deo	DAP
	P104	Subang	Wong Chen	PKR
	P105	Petaling Jaya	Maria Chin Abdullah	PKR
	P106	Damansara	Tony Pua Kiam Wee	DAP
	P107	Sungai Buloh	Sivarasa Rasiah	PKR
	P108	Shah Alam	Khalid Samad	AMANAH
	P109	Kapar	Abdullah Sani Abdul Hamid	PKR
	P110	Klang	Charles Anthony Santiago	DAP
	P111	Kota Raja	Mohamad Sabu	AMANAH
	P113	Sepang	Mohamed Hanipa Maidin	AMANAH
Kuala Lumpur	P114	Kepong	Lim Lip Eng	DAP
	P115	Batu	Prabakaran Parameswaran	PKR
	P116	Wangsa Maju	Tan Yee Kew	PKR
	P117	Segambut	Hannah Yeoh Tseow Suan	DAP
	P118	Setiawangsa	Nik Nazmi Nik Ahmad	PKR
	P120	Bukit Bintang	Fong Kui Lun	DAP
	P121	Lembah Pantai	Fahmi Fadzil	PKR
	P122	Seputeh	Teresa Kok Suh Sim	DAP
	P123	Cheras	Tan Kok Wai	DAP
Negeri Sembilan	P128	Seremban	Anthony Loke Siew Fook	DAP
	P130	Rasah	Cha Kee Chin	DAP
	P132	Port Dickson	Anwar Ibrahim	PKR
	P133	Tampin	Hasan Baharom	AMANAH
Malacca	P136	Tangga Batu	Rusnah Aluai	PKR
	P137	Hang Tuah Jaya	Shamsul Iskandar Md. Akin	PKR
	P138	Kota Melaka	Khoo Poay Tiong	DAP
Johor	P141	Sekijang	Natrah Ismail	PKR
	P142	Labis	Pang Hok Liong	DAP
	P144	Ledang	Syed Ibrahim Syed Noh	PKR
	P145	Bakri	Yeo Bee Yin	DAP
	P146	Muar	Syed Saddiq Syed Abdul Rahman	MUDA
	P149	Sri Gading	Shahruddin Md Salleh	PEJUANG
	P151	Simpang Renggam	Maszlee Malik	PKR
	P152	Kluang	Wong Shu Qi	DAP
	P159	Pasir Gudang	Hassan Abdul Karim	PKR
	P160	Johor Bahru	Akmal Nasrullah Mohd Nasir	PKR
	P161	Pulai	Salahuddin Ayub	AMANAH
	P162	Iskandar Puteri	Lim Kit Siang	DAP
	P163	Kulai	Teo Nie Ching	DAP
Labuan	P166	Labuan	Rozman Isli	WARISAN
Sabah	P169	Kota Belud	Isnaraissah Munirah Majilis @ Fakharuddy	WARISAN
	P170	Tuaran	Wilfred Madius Tangau	UPKO
	P171	Sepanggar	Mohd. Azis Jamman	WARISAN
	P172	Kota Kinabalu	Chan Foong Hin	DAP
	P173	Putatan	Awang Husaini Sahari	PKR
	P174	Penampang	Darell Leiking	WARISAN
	P175	Papar	Ahmad Hassan	WARISAN
	P181	Tenom	Noorita Sual	DAP
	P186	Sandakan	Vivian Wong Shir Yee	DAP
	P189	Semporna	Mohd. Shafie Mohd. Apdal	WARISAN
	P190	Tawau	Christina Liew Chin Jin	PKR
	P191	Kalabakan	Ma'mun Sulaiman	WARISAN
Sarawak	P192	Mas Gading	Mordi Bimol	DAP
	P195	Bandar Kuching	Kelvin Yii Lee Wuen	DAP
	P196	Stampin	Chong Chieng Jen	DAP
	P208	Sarikei	Wong Ling Biu	DAP
	P211	Lanang	Alice Lau Kiong Yieng	DAP
	P212	Sibu	Oscar Ling Chai Yew	DAP
	P214	Selangau	Baru Bian	PSB
	P219	Miri	Michael Teo Yu Keng	PKR
Total	Perlis (1), Kedah (10), Penang (10), Perak (12), Pahang (4), Selangor (16), F.T. Kuala Lumpur (9), Negeri Sembilan (4), Malacca (3), Johor (13), F.T. Labuan (1), Sabah (12), Sarawak (8)

Dewan Undangan Negeri (State Legislative Assembly)

Selangor State Legislative Assembly

44 / 56

Penang State Legislative Assembly

33 / 40

Sabah State Legislative Assembly

26 / 79

Perak State Legislative Assembly

23 / 59

Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly

20 / 36

Kedah State Legislative Assembly

13 / 36

Johor State Legislative Assembly

13 / 56

Sarawak State Legislative Assembly

6 / 82

Pahang State Legislative Assembly

9 / 42

Malacca State Legislative Assembly

5 / 28

Perlis State Legislative Assembly

3 / 15

Kelantan State Legislative Assembly

0 / 45

Terengganu State Legislative Assembly

0 / 33

State	No.	Parliamentary constituency	No.	State Constituency	Member
Perlis	P02	Kangar	N7	Sena	Asrul Nizan Abd Jalil	PKR
			N8	Indera Kayangan	Gan Ay Ling	PKR
			N9	Kuala Perlis	Nor Azam Karap	PKR
Kedah	P05	Jerlun	N3	Kota Siputeh	Salmee Said	AMANAH
	P06	Kubang Pasu	N6	Jitra	Mukhriz Mahathir	PEJUANG
	P08	Pokok Sena	N11	Derga	Tan Kok Yew	DAP
	P09	Alor Setar	N12	Suka Menanti	Zamri Yusuf	PKR
			N13	Kota Darul Aman	Teh Swee Leong	DAP
			N14	Alor Mengkudu	Phahrolrazi Zawawi	AMANAH
	P10	Kuala Kedah	N15	Anak Bukit	Amiruddin Hamzah	PEJUANG
			N16	Kubang Rotan	Mohd. Asmirul Anuar Rais	AMANAH
			N17	Pengkalan Kundor	Ismail Salleh	AMANAH
	P12	Jerai	N22	Gurun	Johari Abdul	PKR
	P14	Merbok	N25	Bukit Selambau	Summugam Rengasamy	PKR
	P15	Sungai Petani	N28	Bakar Arang	Ooi Tze Min	PKR
	P18	Kulim-Bandar Baharu	N35	Kulim	Yeo Keng Chuan	PKR
Penang	P41	Kepala Batas	N3	Pinang Tunggal	Ahmad Zakiyuddin Abdul Rahman	PKR
	P42	Tasek Gelugor	N6	Telok Ayer Tawar	Mustapha Kamal Ahmad	PKR
	P43	Bagan	N7	Sungai Puyu	Phee Boon Poh	DAP
			N8	Bagan Jermal	Soon Lip Chee	DAP
			N9	Bagan Dalam	Satees Muniandy	DAP
	P44	Permatang Pauh	N11	Permatang Pasir	Muhammad Faiz Mohamed Fadzil	AMANAH
	P44	Permatang Pauh	N12	Penanti	Norlela Ariffin	PKR
	P45	Bukit Mertajam	N13	Berapit	Heng Lee Lee	DAP
			N14	Machang Bubok	Lee Khai Loon	PKR
			N15	Padang Lalang	Chong Eng	DAP
	P46	Batu Kawan	N16	Perai	Ramasamy Palanisamy	DAP
			N17	Bukit Tengah	Gooi Hsiao Leung	PKR
			N18	Bukit Tambun	Goh Choon Aik	PKR
	P47	Nibong Tebal	N19	Jawi	H’ng Mooi Lye	DAP
	P47	Nibong Tebal	N20	Sungai Bakap	Amar Pritpal Abdullah	PKR
	P48	Bukit Bendera	N22	Tanjong Bunga	Zairil Khir Johari	DAP
			N23	Air Putih	Lim Guan Eng	DAP
			N24	Kebun Bunga	Ong Khan Lee	PKR
			N25	Pulau Tikus	Chris Lee Chun Kit	DAP
	P49	Tanjong	N26	Padang Kota	Chow Kon Yeow	DAP
			N27	Pengkalan Kota	Gooi Zi Sen	DAP
			N28	Komtar	Teh Lai Heng	DAP
	P50	Jelutong	N29	Datok Keramat	Jagdeep Singh Deo	DAP
			N30	Sungai Pinang	Lim Siew Khim	DAP
			N31	Batu Lancang	Ong Ah Teong	DAP
	P51	Bukit Gelugor	N32	Seri Delima	Syerleena Abdul Rashid	DAP
			N33	Air Itam	Joseph Ng Soon Seong	DAP
			N34	Paya Terubong	Yeoh Soon Hin	DAP
	P52	Bayan Baru	N35	Batu Uban	Kumaresan Aramugam	PKR
			N36	Pantai Jerejak	Saifuddin Nasution Ismail	PKR
			N37	Batu Maung	Abdul Halim Hussain	PKR
	P53	Balik Pulau	N38	Bayan Lepas	Azrul Mahathir Aziz	AMANAH
	P53	Balik Pulau	N39	Pulau Betong	Mohd.Tuah Ismail	PKR
Perak	P60	Taiping	N16	Kamunting	Mund. Fadhil Nuruddin	AMANAH
			N17	Pokok Assam	Leow Thye Yih	DAP
			N18	Aulong	Nga Kor Ming	DAP
	P62	Sungai Siput	N22	Jalong	Loh Sze Yee	DAP
	P63	Tambun	N23	Manjoi	Asmuni Awi	AMANAH
	P63	Tambun	N24	Hulu Kinta	Muhamad Arafat Varisai Mahamad	PKR
	P64	Ipoh Timur	N25	Canning	Jenny Choy Tsi Jen	DAP
			N26	Tebing Tinggi	Abdul Aziz Bari	DAP
			N27	Pasir Pinji	Howard Lee	DAP
	P65	Ipoh Barat	N28	Bercham	Ong Boon Piow	DAP
	P65	Ipoh Barat	N29	Kepayang	Ko Chung Sen	DAP
	P66	Batu Gajah	N31	Jelapang	Cheah Poh Hian	DAP
	P66	Batu Gajah	N32	Menglembu	Chaw Kam Foon	DAP
	P68	Bruas	N37	Pantai Remis	Wong May Ing	DAP
	P68	Bruas	N38	Astaka	Teoh Yee Chern	DAP
	P70	Kampar	N42	Keranji	Chong Zhemin	DAP
	P71	Gopeng	N44	Sungai Rapat	Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin	AMANAH
			N45	Simpang Pulai	Tan Kar Hing	PKR
			N46	Teja	Ng Shy Ching	PKR
	P74	Lumut	N51	Pasir Panjang	Yahaya Mat Nor	AMANAH
	P76	Teluk Intan	N55	Pasir Bedamar	Terence Naidu Rajan Naidu @ Rajanaidu	DAP
	P77	Tanjong Malim	N57	Sungkai	Sivanesan Achalingam	DAP
	P77	Tanjong Malim	N59	Behrang	Aminuddin Zulkipli	AMANAH
Pahang	P78	Cameron Highlands	N1	Tanah Rata	Chiong Yoke Kong	DAP
	P80	Raub	N7	Tras	Chow Yu Hui	DAP
	P82	Indera Mahkota	N13	Semambu	Lee Chean Chung	PKR
	P83	Kuantan	N14	Teruntum	Sim Chon Siang	PKR
	P88	Temerloh	N30	Mentakab	Woo Chee Wan	DAP
	P89	Bentong	N33	Bilut	Lee Chin Chen	DAP
			N34	Ketari	Young Syefura Othman	DAP
			N35	Sabai	Kamache Doray Rajoo	DAP
	P90	Bera	N38	Triang	Leong Yu Man	DAP
Selangor	P92	Sabak Bernam	N2	Sabak	Ahmad Mustain Othman	PKR
	P93	Sungai Besar	N4	Sekinchan	Ng Suee Lim	DAP
	P94	Ulu Selangor	N6	Kuala Kubu Baharu	Lee Kee Hiong	DAP
	P94	Ulu Selangor	N7	Batang Kali	Harumaini Omar	PEJUANG
	P95	Tanjong Karang	N9	Permatang	Rozana Zainal Abidin	PKR
	P96	Kuala Selangor	N10	Bukit Melawati	Juwairiya Zulkifli	PKR
			N11	Ijok	Idris Ahmad	PKR
			N12	Jeram	Mohd Shaid Rosli	PEJUANG
	P97	Selayang	N13	Kuang	Sallehudin Amiruddin	PEJUANG
			N14	Rawang	Chua Wei Kiat	PKR
			N15	Taman Templer	Mohd Sany Hamzan	AMANAH
	P98	Gombak	N16	Sungai Tua	Amirudin Shari	PKR
	P98	Gombak	N18	Hulu Kelang	Saari Sungib	AMANAH
	P100	Pandan	N21	Pandan Indah	Izham Hashim	AMANAH
	P100	Pandan	N22	Teratai	Lai Wai Chong	WARISAN
	P101	Ulu Langat	N23	Dusun Tua	Edry Faizal Eddy Yusof	DAP
	P102	Bangi	N25	Kajang	Hee Loy Sian	PKR
			N26	Sungai Ramal	Mazwan Johar	AMANAH
			N27	Balakong	Wong Siew Ki	DAP
	P103	Puchong	N28	Seri Kembangan	Ean Yong Hiah Wah	DAP
	P103	Puchong	N29	Seri Serdang	Siti Mariah Mahmud	AMANAH
	P104	Subang	N30	Kinrara	Ng Sze Han	DAP
	P104	Subang	N31	Subang Jaya	Michelle Ng Mei Sze	DAP
	P105	Petaling Jaya	N32	Seri Setia	Halimey Abu Bakar	PKR
			N33	Taman Medan	Syamsul Firdaus Mohamed Supri	PKR
			N34	Bukit Gasing	Rajiv Rishyakaran	DAP
	P106	Damansara	N35	Kampung Tunku	Lim Yi Wei	DAP
			N36	Bandar Utama	Jamaliah Jamaluddin	DAP
			N37	Bukit Lanjan	Elizabeth Wong	PKR
	P107	Sungai Buloh	N38	Paya Jaras	Mohd.Khairuddin Othman	PKR
	P107	Sungai Buloh	N39	Kota Damansara	Shatiri Mansor	PKR
	P108	Shah Alam	N40	Kota Anggerik	Najwan Halimi	PKR
	P108	Shah Alam	N41	Batu Tiga	Rodziah Ismail	PKR
	P109	Kapar	N42	Meru	Mohd. Fakhrulrazi Mohd. Mokhtar	PKR
	P110	Klang	N45	Bandar Baru Klang	Teng Chang Khim	DAP
			N46	Pelabuhan Klang	Azmizam Zaman Huri	PKR
			N47	Pandamaran	Leong Tuck Chee	DAP
	P111	Kota Raja	N48	Sentosa	Gunaraj George	PKR
			N49	Sungai Kandis	Mohd.Zawawi Ahmad Mughni	PKR
			N50	Kota Kemuning	Ganabatirau Veraman	DAP
	P112	Kuala Langat	N52	Banting	Lau Weng San	DAP
	P112	Kuala Langat	N53	Morib	Hasnul Baharuddin	AMANAH
	P113	Sepang	N54	Tanjong Sepat	Borhan Aman Shah	PKR
	P113	Sepang	N56	Sungai Pelek	Ronnie Liu Tian Khiew	DAP
Negeri Sembilan	P126	Jelebu	N1	Chennah	Anthony Loke Siew Fook	DAP
	P126	Jelebu	N4	Kelawang	Bakri Sawir	AMANAH
	P127	Jempol	N8	Bahau	Teo Kok Seong	DAP
	P128	Seremban	N9	Lenggeng	Suhaimi Kassim	AMANAH
			N10	Nilai	Arul Kumar Jambunathan	DAP
			N11	Lobak	Chew She Yong	DAP
			N12	Temiang	Ng Chin Tsai	DAP
			N13	Sikamat	Aminuddin Harun	PKR
			N14	Ampangan	Mohamad Rafie Ab. Malik	PKR
	P129	Kuala Pilah	N18	Pilah	Mohamad Nazaruddin Sabtu	PKR
	P130	Rasah	N20	Labu	Ismail Ahmad	PKR
			N21	Bukit Kepayang	Nichole Tan Lee Koon	DAP
			N22	Rahang	Mary Josephine Pritam Singh	DAP
			N23	Mambau	Yap Yew Weng	DAP
			N24	Seremban Jaya	Gunasekaren Palasamy	DAP
	P131	Rembau	N25	Paroi	Mohd Taufek Abd Ghani	AMANAH
	P132	Port Dickson	N29	Chuah	Yek Diew Ching	PKR
			N30	Lukut	Choo Ken Hwa	DAP
			N33	Sri Tanjong	Ravi Munasamy	PKR
	P133	Tampin	N36	Repah	Veerapan Superamaniam	DAP
Malacca	P137	Hang Tuah Jaya	N16	Ayer Keroh	Kerk Chee Yee	DAP
	P137	Hang Tuah Jaya	N17	Bukit Katil	Adly Zahari	AMANAH
	P138	Kota Melaka	N19	Kesidang	Seah Shoo Chin	DAP
			N20	Kota Laksamana	Low Chee Leong	DAP
			N22	Bandar Hilir	Leng Chau Yen	DAP
Johor	P140	Segamat	N2	Jementah	Ng Kor Sim	DAP
	P144	Ledang	N10	Tangkak	Ee Chin Li	DAP
	P145	Bakri	N12	Bentayan	Ng Yak Howe	DAP
	P145	Bakri	N13	Simpang Jeram	Salahuddin Ayub	AMANAH
	P150	Batu Pahat	N23	Penggaram	Gan Peck Cheng	DAP
	P152	Kluang	N28	Mengkibol	Chew Chong Sin	DAP
	P158	Tebrau	N41	Puteri Wangsa	Amira Aisya	MUDA
	P159	Pasir Gudang	N42	Johor Jaya	Liow Cai Tung	DAP
	P160	Johor Bahru	N45	Stulang	Chen Kah Eng	DAP
	P161	Pulai	N46	Perling	Liew Chin Tong	DAP
	P162	Iskandar Puteri	N48	Skudai	Marina Ibrahim	DAP
	P163	Kulai	N51	Bukit Batu	Arthur Chiong Sen Sern	PKR
	P163	Kulai	N52	Senai	Wong Bor Yang	DAP
Sabah	P167	Kudat	N1	Banggi	Mohamad Mohammarin	WARISAN
	P167	Kudat	N4	Tanjong Kapor	Ben Chong Chen Bin	WARISAN
	P169	Kota Belud	N11	Kadamaian	Ewon Benedick	UPKO
	P171	Sepanggar	N17	Karambunai	Azhar Matussin	WARISAN
	P171	Sepanggar	N18	Inanam	Peto Galim	PKR
	P172	Kota Kinabalu (Jesselton)	N19	Likas	Tan Lee Fatt	DAP
			N20	Api-Api	Chtistiina Liew	PKR
			N21	Luyang	Phoong Jin Zhe	DAP
	P173	Putatan	N22	Tanjong Aru	Junz Wong Hong Bin	WARISAN
	P173	Putatan	N23	Petagas	Awang Ahmad Sah	WARISAN
	P174	Penampang	N25	Kapayan	Jannie Lasimbang	DAP
	P174	Penampang	N26	Moyog	Darell Leiking	WARISAN
	P176	Kimanis	N30	Bongawan	Dr Daud Yusof	WARISAN
	P184	Libaran	N50	Gum-Gum	Arunarsin Taib	WARISAN
	P185	Batu Sapi	N53	Sekong	Alias Haji Sani	WARISAN
	P185	Batu Sapi	N54	Karamunting	Hiew Vun Zin	WARISAN
	P186	Sandakan	N55	Elopura	Calvin Chong Ket Kiun	IND
	P186	Sandakan	N56	Tanjong Papat	Frankie Poon	DAP
	P188	Lahad Datu	N60	Tungku	Assaffal Samsul Kamal	WARISAN
			N62	Silam	Dumi Masdal	WARISAN
			N63	Kunak	Norazlinah Arif	WARISAN
	P189	Semporna	N64	Sulabayan	Jaujan Sambakong	WARISAN
	P189	Semporna	N65	Senallang	Mohd Shafie Apdal	WARISAN
	P190	Tawau	N69	Sri Tanjong	Justin Wong Yung Bin	IND
	P190	Tawau	N70	Kukusan	Rina Jainal	WARISAN
	P191	Kalabakan	N72	Merotai	Sarifudin Hata	WARISAN
Sarawak	P195	Bandar Kuching	N09	Padungan	Chong Chieng Jen	DAP
			N10	Pending	Violet Yong Wui Wui	DAP
			N11	Batu Lintang	See Chee How	PSB
	P203	Lubok Antu	N33	Engkilili	Johnical Rayong Ngipa	PSB
	P212	Sibu	N53	Bawang Assan	Wong Soon Koh	PSB
	P222	Lawas	N81	Ba'kelalan	Baru Bian	PSB
Total			Perlis (3), Kedah (13), Penang (33), Perak (23), Pahang (9), Selangor (44), Negeri Sembilan (20), Malacca (5), Johor (12), Sabah (26), Sarawak (6)

Pakatan Harapan state governments

State	Leader type	Member		State Constituency
Negeri Sembilan	Menteri Besar	Aminuddin Harun	PKR	Sikamat
Penang	Chief Minister	Chow Kon Yeow	DAP	Padang Kota
Selangor	Menteri Besar	Amirudin Shari	PKR	Sungai Tua

State	Leader type	Member	Party		State Constituency
Penang	Deputy Chief Minister I	Ahmad Zakiyuddin Abdul Rahman		PKR	Pinang Tunggal
Penang	Deputy Chief Minister II	Ramasamy Palanisamy		DAP	Perai

State	Leader type	Member		State Constituency
Negeri Sembilan	Speaker	Zulkefly Mohamad Omar	AMANAH	Non-MLA
Negeri Sembilan	Deputy Speaker	Ravi Munusamy	PKR	Sri Tanjung
Penang	Speaker	Law Choo Kiang	PKR	Non-MLA
Penang	Deputy Speaker	Amar Pritpal Abdullah	PKR	Sungai Bakap
Selangor	Speaker	Ng Suee Lim	DAP	Sekinchan
Selangor	Deputy Speaker	Hasnul Baharuddin	AMANAH	Morib

Anwar Shadow Cabinet (2021–)

On 9 May 2021, the Pakatan Harapan secretariat has announced the members of nine committees to address issues of the day, given the Perikatan Nasional government's "inability to lead the country".

The committees are Education, Health, Economy, Security, Gender, Youth, Cost-of-Living, Legal, Mobilisation, Plantation and Food Industry, and Communication, Digital and Multimedia. With the Education and Health committee led by Simpang Renggam MP Maszlee Malik and Kuala Selangor MP Dzulkefly Ahmad, respectively.[36][37]

1. Education Committee

Dr Maszlee Malik (Chairman), Simpang Renggam MP
Nik Nazmi Nik Ahmad, Setiawangsa MP
Teo Nie Ching, Kulai MP
Datuk Dr Hasan Bahrom, Tampin MP
Natrah Ismail, Sekijang MP
Steven Sim Chee Keong, Bukit Mertajam MP
Rusnah Aluai, Tangga Batu MP

2. Health Committee

Datuk Seri Dr Dzulkefly Ahmad (Chairman), Kuala Selangor MP
Dr Lee Boon Chye, Gopeng MP
Dr Kelvin Yii Lee Wuen, Bandar Kuching MP
Datuk Hatta Ramli, Lumut MP
Sim Tze Tzin, Bayan Baru MP
Dr Ong Kian Ming, Bangi MP
Alice Lau Kiong Yieng, Lanang MP
Dr Siti Mariah Mahmud, Seri Serdang MLA
Dr Norlela Ariffin, Penanti MLA
Veerapan Superamaniam, Repah MLA
Niekmah Adam
Zaliha Mustafa

3. Economy Committee

Wong Chen, Subang MP
Tony Pua, Damansara MP
Datuk Seri Dr Dzulkefly Ahmad, Kuala Selangor MP
Datin Paduka Tan Yee Kew, Wangsa Maju MP
Noor Amin Ahmad, Kangar MP
Ammar Atan
Raja Iskandar Fareez
Syeikh Khuzaifah
E Hun Tan

4. Security Committee

Mohamad Sabu, Kota Raja MP
Datuk Johari Abdul, Sungai Petani MP and Gurun MLA
Syed Ibrahim Syed Noh, Ledang MP
Muhammad Faiz Fadzil, Permatang Pasir MLA
Liew Chin Tong
Syahredzan Johan

5. Gender Committee

Fuziah Salleh, Kuantan MP
Chong Eng, Padang Lalang MLA
Raj Munni Sabu

6. Youth Committee

Akmal Nasir, Johor Bahru MP
Howard Lee Chuan How, Pasir Pinji MLA
Hasbie Muda

7. Cost-of-Living Committee

Hassan Abdul Karim, Pasir Gudang MP
Datuk Hasanuddin Mohd Yunus, Hulu Langat MP
Chong Chieng Jen, Stampin MP
Natrah Ismail, Sekijang MP
V Sivakumar, Batu Gajah MP
Chan Foong Hin, Kota Kinabalu MP
Cha Kee Chin, Rasah MP
Norhayati Bachok, Maharani MLA
Asmirul Anuar Aris, Kubang Rotan MLA

8. Legal Committee

Mohamed Hanipa Maidin, Sepang MP
William Leong, Selayang MP
Ramkarpal Singh, Bukit Gelugor MP
Sivarasa Rasiah, Sungai Buloh MP
Muhammad Faiz Fadzil, Permatang Pasir MLA
Fadhlina Sidek, Senator
Zulqarnain Lukman

9. Mobilisation Committee

Mohamad Sabu, Kota Raja MP
Datuk Seri Shamsul Iskandar Md. Akin, Hang Tuah Jaya MP
Steven Sim Chee Keong, Bukit Mertajam MP

10. Plantation and Food Industry Committee

Datuk Seri Salahuddin Ayub, Pulai MP
V Sivakumar, Batu Gajah MP
S Kesavan, Sungai Siput MP
Sim Tze Tzin, Bayan Baru MP

11. Communication, Digital and Multimedia Committee

Ahmad Fahmi Fadzil, Lembah Pantai MP
Khalid Samad, Shah Alam MP
Hannah Yeoh, Segambut MP
Wong Shu Qi, Kluang MP
Chan Ming Kai, Alor Setar MP
Loh Ker Chen
Soraya Salim

12. Religion Committee

Datuk Seri Mujahid Yusof Rawa, Parit Buntar MP
Fuziah Salleh, Kuantan MP
Tengku Zulpuri Shah Tengku Puji, Raub MP
Raj Munni Sabu
Norashidah Jaafar

General election results

Election	Total seats won	Seats contesed	Total votes	Voting Percentage	Outcome of election	Election leader
2018	122 / 222	222	5,615,822	45.56%	53 seats; Governing coalition, later Opposition coalition	Mahathir Mohamad

State election results

State election	State Legislative Assembly
State election	Perlis	Kedah	Kelantan	Terengganu	Penang	Perak	Pahang	Selangor	Negeri Sembilan	Malacca	Johor	Sabah	Sarawak	Total won / Total contested

2/3 majority	2 / 3	2 / 3	2 / 3	2 / 3	2 / 3	2 / 3	2 / 3	2 / 3	2 / 3	2 / 3	2 / 3	2 / 3	2 / 3
2016													10 / 82
2018	3 / 15	18 / 36	0 / 45	0 / 32	37 / 40	29 / 59	9 / 42	51 / 56	20 / 36	15 / 28	36 / 56	29 / 60		241 / 587
2020												32 / 73
2021										5 / 28				5 / 28
2021													2 / 82	2 / 62
2022											12 / 56			12 / 50

Notes

The state government of Sabah was formed with a confidence and supply agreement with WARISAN and UPKO.

References

Ram Anand (11 September 2017). "Pakatan Harapan adds two VPs to represent Indians, Sabahans". The Malay Mail. Archived from the original on 11 September 2017. Retrieved 11 September 2017.
Yimie Yong (17 May 2018). "It's official! Pakatan gets its certificate of registration from RoS". The Star. Archived from the original on 18 June 2018. Retrieved 23 June 2018.
Masriwanie Muhamading (12 May 2017). "Pakatan Harapan youth wings' economic model targeting 1mil jobs for youth". Astro Awani. Archived from the original on 12 May 2017. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
"Senarai penuh Majlis Pimpinan Pemuda Pakatan Harapan" (in Malay). Astro Awani. 31 October 2017. Archived from the original on 31 October 2017. Retrieved 31 October 2017.
"Wanita Pakatan pledges to raise women in politics, economy, social welfare". The Malaysian Insight. 11 October 2017. Archived from the original on 13 June 2018. Retrieved 11 October 2017.
"Malaysia's Mahathir submits resignation, 'quits' his party". Al Jazeera. 24 February 2020. Archived from the original on 24 February 2020. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
Teoh, Shannon (24 February 2020). "Mahathir resigns as Malaysian Prime Minister, PH loses majority after MPs leave". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 24 February 2020. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
Regan, Helen (24 February 2020). "Malaysia's Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad resigns". CNN. Archived from the original on 24 February 2020. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
"Pakatan Rakyat Split Will Change Country's Political Landscape". Bernama. Malaysian Digest. 17 June 2015. Archived from the original on 18 June 2015. Retrieved 19 June 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
Asrul Hadi Abdullah Sani (18 June 2015). "Break up of Malaysia's opposition bloc Pakatan Rakyat: What happened and what's next?". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 14 December 2017. Retrieved 19 June 2015.
Harits Asyraf Hasnan (22 September 2015). "New Pakatan Harapan coalition formed". Astro Awani. Archived from the original on 26 October 2015. Retrieved 23 September 2015.
Shannon Teoh (23 September 2015). "Malaysia's opposition forms Pakatan Harapan alliance". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 13 February 2016. Retrieved 23 September 2015.
Melissa Goh (12 November 2016). "'The only way to win is to unite and contest under one party': Mahathir". Channel NewsAsia. Archived from the original on 15 December 2017. Retrieved 12 November 2016.
Sheridan Mahavera (16 November 2016). "By courting rural Muslims, has Malaysia's opposition found key to winning power for first time in 60 years?". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 19 November 2016. Retrieved 16 November 2016.
Hana Naz Harun (13 December 2016). "PPBM officially signs agreement to join Pakatan Harapan". New Straits Times. Archived from the original on 14 December 2016. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
"PPBM wants name change before joining Pakatan Harapan". Antara Pos. 14 March 2017. Archived from the original on 17 May 2018. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
"Dr Mahathir Mohamad is Pakatan chairman, Dr Wan Azizah made president". The Malay Mail. Today Online. 14 July 2017. Archived from the original on 14 July 2017. Retrieved 14 July 2017.
Rizalman Hamim; Mohd Fahmi Mohd Yusof (6 April 2018). "Pakatan to use PKR logo in GE14". New Straits Times. Archived from the original on 9 July 2018. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
"Opposition Pact to unveil common logo for GE14 on Friday". New Straits Times. 5 April 2018. Archived from the original on 20 April 2018. Retrieved 20 April 2018. In a press conference at Parliament lobby on Thursday, Lim Guan Eng however said the change will only be for peninsula in the polls and the four parties will not use the common Pakatan Harapan logo in Sabah and Sarawak for GE14 election campaign. They’re different because they have autonomy. So we respect this and they can use the DAP rocket logo.
Julia Chan (6 April 2018). "Sabah, Sarawak Pakatan parties won't use common logo". The Malay Mail. Archived from the original on 20 April 2018. Retrieved 20 April 2018. This was a big decision for us, to be able to exercise our autonomy and decide for ourselves. We chose to use our own respective party flags. So, PKR, DAP and Amanah flags will be used here.
Sharon Ling (9 April 2018). "Sarawak DAP to use rocket logo for GE14". The Star. Archived from the original on 20 April 2018. Retrieved 20 April 2018. We have decided that DAP will use the rocket symbol while PKR and Amanah will both use the PKR logo.
"Warisan seals electoral pact with DAP and PKR". Malaysiakini. 2 April 2018. Archived from the original on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.(subscription required)
Suzianah Jiffar (2 April 2018). "Warisan will work only with Pakatan Harapan for GE14". New Straits Times. Archived from the original on 21 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
Tan Su Lin (10 May 2018). "UPKO umum keluar BN, wujud kerajaan campuran dengan Warisan" (in Malay). Astro Awani. Archived from the original on 10 May 2018. Retrieved 8 April 2018.
"UPKO bentuk pakatan dengan Warisan" (in Malay). Berita Harian. 10 May 2018. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 8 April 2018.
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"Mahathir did not mastermind treacherous act, clarifies Anwar". malaysiakini. 24 February 2020. Archived from the original on 24 February 2020. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
"Johor's Pakatan Harapan state government falls, new coalition to take over". CNA. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
"Umno leader tipped to be new Melaka Chief Minister". New Straits Times. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
"Kerajaan Pakatan Harapan Perak tumbang (Perak Pakatan Harapan government collapses)". Berita Harian. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
"Four Perak PH assemblymen quit party, support Perikatan Nasional". The Borneo Post. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
"Dr M to form new party". 7 August 2020.
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"Syed Saddiq applies to register new party, Muda".
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"Log into Facebook". Facebook. Retrieved 20 September 2021. {{cite web}}: Cite uses generic title (help)

External links

Official website
Alternative federal budgets (2016, 2017, 2018)
2019 Malaysian federal budget

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[26] The state government of Sabah was formed with a confidence and supply agreement with WARISAN and UPKO.

[1] Ram Anand (11 September 2017). "Pakatan Harapan adds two VPs to represent Indians, Sabahans". The Malay Mail. Archived from the original on 11 September 2017. Retrieved 11 September 2017.

[2] Yimie Yong (17 May 2018). "It's official! Pakatan gets its certificate of registration from RoS". The Star. Archived from the original on 18 June 2018. Retrieved 23 June 2018.

[3] Masriwanie Muhamading (12 May 2017). "Pakatan Harapan youth wings' economic model targeting 1mil jobs for youth". Astro Awani. Archived from the original on 12 May 2017. Retrieved 12 May 2017.

[4] "Senarai penuh Majlis Pimpinan Pemuda Pakatan Harapan" (in Malay). Astro Awani. 31 October 2017. Archived from the original on 31 October 2017. Retrieved 31 October 2017.

[5] "Wanita Pakatan pledges to raise women in politics, economy, social welfare". The Malaysian Insight. 11 October 2017. Archived from the original on 13 June 2018. Retrieved 11 October 2017.

[Al_Jazeera_24_Feb_2020-6] "Malaysia's Mahathir submits resignation, 'quits' his party". Al Jazeera. 24 February 2020. Archived from the original on 24 February 2020. Retrieved 24 February 2020.

[ST_24_Feb_2020-7] Teoh, Shannon (24 February 2020). "Mahathir resigns as Malaysian Prime Minister, PH loses majority after MPs leave". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 24 February 2020. Retrieved 24 February 2020.

[CNN_24_Feb_2020-8] Regan, Helen (24 February 2020). "Malaysia's Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad resigns". CNN. Archived from the original on 24 February 2020. Retrieved 24 February 2020.

[9] "Pakatan Rakyat Split Will Change Country's Political Landscape". Bernama. Malaysian Digest. 17 June 2015. Archived from the original on 18 June 2015. Retrieved 19 June 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)

[10] Asrul Hadi Abdullah Sani (18 June 2015). "Break up of Malaysia's opposition bloc Pakatan Rakyat: What happened and what's next?". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 14 December 2017. Retrieved 19 June 2015.

[11] Harits Asyraf Hasnan (22 September 2015). "New Pakatan Harapan coalition formed". Astro Awani. Archived from the original on 26 October 2015. Retrieved 23 September 2015.

[12] Shannon Teoh (23 September 2015). "Malaysia's opposition forms Pakatan Harapan alliance". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 13 February 2016. Retrieved 23 September 2015.

[13] Melissa Goh (12 November 2016). "'The only way to win is to unite and contest under one party': Mahathir". Channel NewsAsia. Archived from the original on 15 December 2017. Retrieved 12 November 2016.

[14] Sheridan Mahavera (16 November 2016). "By courting rural Muslims, has Malaysia's opposition found key to winning power for first time in 60 years?". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 19 November 2016. Retrieved 16 November 2016.

[15] Hana Naz Harun (13 December 2016). "PPBM officially signs agreement to join Pakatan Harapan". New Straits Times. Archived from the original on 14 December 2016. Retrieved 13 December 2016.

[16] "PPBM wants name change before joining Pakatan Harapan". Antara Pos. 14 March 2017. Archived from the original on 17 May 2018. Retrieved 14 March 2017.

[17] "Dr Mahathir Mohamad is Pakatan chairman, Dr Wan Azizah made president". The Malay Mail. Today Online. 14 July 2017. Archived from the original on 14 July 2017. Retrieved 14 July 2017.

[18] Rizalman Hamim; Mohd Fahmi Mohd Yusof (6 April 2018). "Pakatan to use PKR logo in GE14". New Straits Times. Archived from the original on 9 July 2018. Retrieved 9 July 2018.

[19] "Opposition Pact to unveil common logo for GE14 on Friday". New Straits Times. 5 April 2018. Archived from the original on 20 April 2018. Retrieved 20 April 2018. In a press conference at Parliament lobby on Thursday, Lim Guan Eng however said the change will only be for peninsula in the polls and the four parties will not use the common Pakatan Harapan logo in Sabah and Sarawak for GE14 election campaign. They’re different because they have autonomy. So we respect this and they can use the DAP rocket logo.

[20] Julia Chan (6 April 2018). "Sabah, Sarawak Pakatan parties won't use common logo". The Malay Mail. Archived from the original on 20 April 2018. Retrieved 20 April 2018. This was a big decision for us, to be able to exercise our autonomy and decide for ourselves. We chose to use our own respective party flags. So, PKR, DAP and Amanah flags will be used here.

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