Shmankivtsi

Antiquities of the Trypillia culture (4–3 thousand BC), the Noah culture (14–11 centuries BC), the Holigrad culture (11–7 centuries BC), and the Chernyakhiv culture were found in the village. (2-5 centuries AD) and the culture of Luka Raikovetska (7-10 centuries AD),[3] settlements and cemeteries of ancient times. The medieval period is associated with the discovery of various bronze and silver ornaments: rings, beads, necklaces, tiara plaques,[5] dating from the XVI-XVII centuries.[6][7]

In the multi-volume edition of the act sources, which were in the archives of the monastery of the Bernardine Fathers in Lviv, there is the first known mention of the village Shmankivtsi. According to the act of July 16, 1449, which was registered in Terebovlia, Zimgund Kerdei received the above-mentioned village.[8]

In 1469 there was a revision of the deeds of possession of property in Russia.[9]

According to the conscription register of 1563–1564, an Orthodox church owned by Lyantskoronsky was recorded in Shmankivtsi.[10]

On September 29, 1485, the Polish King and Grand Duke of Lithuania Casimir IV Jagiellonian issued a deed confirming the sale by Jan Freder of Pleszewicz to the Buchacki brothers of half the village of Shmankivtsi in Skal County on the Sarnek River for 200 hryvnias and two horses worth 50 hryvnias;[11][12][13] the settlement was acquired by the tycoons of the Buchach brothers with the coat of arms of Abdank.[14]

In 1609, the Russian voivode Stanislav Golsky gave Martin Makovetsky a filwark in Shmankivtsi, the smaller halves that Makovetsky occupied under the right of life from Nikolai Buchatsky.[15]

On February 22, 1610, the Russian voivode and bar elder Stanislav Golsky, inviting the Dominican monks of Shmankivtsi, founded[16] a Dominican monastery with a church called the Blessed Virgin Mary and St. Stanislaus in Chortkiv. The monastery allocates most of it in the village of Shmankivtsi with rates: the first - Mlynsky, the second - at the Court, the third - Stone, the fourth - Matseyevsky, the fifth - Demyanovsky. Stanislaw Liantskoronski from Brzez and Jan and Mykola Potocki from Potok also give the monastery their units in this village.[17] On February 3, 1622, the Dominicans received another piece of Shmankivtsi land as a gift from Jan and Mykola Potocki.[18]

In 1623, Zofia of Brzez, wife of Mykola Churyl of Horaia, sister and heiress of the Podolsk voivode Stanislaw Lyantskoronsky, ceded her ancestral estates to the village of Shmankivtsi, smaller and larger, and Shvaykivtsi to Pavlo Kelpinsky and his heirs.[15]

On February 6, 1624, a battle took place near Shmankivtsi between the Polish army under the command of Stanislaw Koniecpolski and the Tatar horde.[19]

On November 26, 1624, Dominican monks from Chortkiv, together with Paweł Kełpiński, a neighbor of the village of Šmankivtsi, decided to build a castle here to defend against the Tatars.[20][21] church, monastery and garden in Chortkiv.[20][22] In 1624, all the treasures from the Shmankivtsi monastery were transferred to Chortkiv.[23]

In 1627, Pavel Kelpinsky ceded his estates to the Lukov hunter Martin Makovetsky.[15] In 1644, Gabriel Kelpinsky, son of Martin, ceded his estates to Shmankivtsi, located in Kamianets County, Podil Voivodeship, which he inherited after the death of his brother Paul in its entirety and with all benefits, in favor of Krzysztof Kelpinsky and his legal heirs. processes on his part is released and the act of donation is confirmed by an oath.[24] In 1653, Vaclav Kelpinsky, son of Stanislaw and brother of Jan Kelpinsky, his estates in the village of Shmankivtsi and other immovable and movable property, which he inherited from his father and mother and from his brother, were ceded to his cousins Adam and Felician Kelpinsky. Claims for those estates are waived and the deed of gift is confirmed by an oath.[25] In 1661, Adam, son of Gabriel Kelpinsky, wrote down his estates Shmankivtsi and Shmankivchyky, which remained after the posthumous death of his father Pavel Kelpinsky, to Gabriel Silnitsky in Silnitsy, Lviv hunter, company commander.[26]

On July 26, 1671, Ulrich von Werdum called the village Chernihiv; while here with a military convoy, he noted in his diary that “this village had a castle, which a few days ago, after a long defense, the Tatars stormed and killed all people, not sparing women and children. The people of Verdum saw the bodies of the slain who had not yet been buried.[27]

In 1672, Gabriel Silnitsky, a castellan from Chernihiv, ceded his estates - the villages of Shmankivtsi and Shmankivchyky - to Stanislav Makovetsky, the Letychiv mayor, and his heirs.[15]

In 1710, a tax on a quarter and a half of the smoke from the village of Shmankivtsi was levied on the maintenance of the garrison in the Okopa Holy Trinity Fortress.[28] In 1724, the noble Józef Potocki [who?] Donated his estate - part of the village of Shmankivtsi - to the monastery of the Chortkiv Dominicans.[29]

Shmankivtsi's estate was also attacked by the nobility. In particular, the innkeeper[30] cornet player Konstanty Lyantskoronsky, led by two hundred armed men, “maimed two priests and one brother; and Fr. Francis[31] Pieszkowski (Polish: Pieszkowski),[32][33] tied to a horse, ran half a mile ".[31] Tomasz Makovecki, a hunter from Lukiv, was no less cruel: his subjects beat the monks, tied them up, put them on a cart and took them out of the village. For these shameful actions, the ladies received sentences: Lyantskoronsky - December 2, 1740; Tomasz Makowiecki - December 17, 1754. On December 1, 1755, the Union Metropolitan of Kyiv, Halych, and All Russia Lev Sheptytsky announced the excommunication (anathema) of them and their subjects who had taken part in the attacks.[34]

In 1784, construction began on the wooden church of Cosmas and Damian, which was completed in 1785.[35][36]

In 1785, 561 people lived in the village.

Dominicans in the early XIX century. owned a farm with more than a hundred hectares of Shmankivtsi land. The farm was wooden. It had large rooms with two vanquiers, shingles, and a tesa floor; in need of repair, as well as the nearby chapel.[37]

Jan Ksaveriy Mushynsky from Shmankivtsi married Karolina Kulchytska in 1842.[38]

• 
  Shmankivtsi on the topographic map of Friedrich von Mig, the end of the XVIII century
• 
  Shmankivtsi on the Austrian topographic map, 1861–1864.
• 
  Shmankivtsi on the Austrian topographic map, 1869–1887.

In 1900 there were 1229 inhabitants in Shmankivtsi, in 1910 - 1201, in 1921 - 1127, in 1931 - 1112; in 1921 - 255 yards, in 1931 - 235.

During the First World War, the residents of the village Vasyl Solodky and Franz Shinderyk joined the USS Legion; Antin Slota fought in the UGA.

In 1927–1928, many residents of Shmankiv emigrated to Canada and other countries.

For some time Shmankivtsi was the center of the commune of the same name. From August 1, 1934[39] to 1939, the village belonged to the Kolindiana commune.

After the Soviet annexation in September 1939, the Soviet authorities (NKVD authorities) arrested 26 villagers, including:[40]

During the Second World War there was a military airfield in Shmankivtsi.[42]

From June 1941 to March 1944 - under Nazi occupation.[43]

During the German-Soviet war, 67 residents of Shmankivtsi died or went missing in the Red Army, including:

У 1954 році на вулиці Стрілка сталася масштабна пожежа.[44]

On May 26, 1991, the first Krasnokalinov festivals and the unveiling of the monument to Stepan Charnetsky took place.[45]

In the night of July 4–5, 2000, a natural disaster struck the village, causing material damage to the villagers.

In 2005, Nadiya Morikvas published the book "Melancholy of Stepan Charnetsky".[46]

On November 3, 2013, residents of Strilka Street celebrated her day.[44]

For two days, on September 3–4, 2016, in the fields of the village, the plane sprayed sunflower fields with pests from an agricultural company that leases shares from peasants from Shmankivtsi and neighboring villages. As a result, the vegetables burned, the fruit trees dropped their leaves, and several people were hospitalized with poisoning by an unknown substance.[47][48][49][50]

In May 2019, 600 meters of the C201609 Shvaykivtsi-Zalissia district highway and a memorial to fellow villagers killed in the German-Soviet war were renovated in the village.[51] On May 26, a festive prayer was held on the occasion of the 150th anniversary of the Chapel of St. Nicholas.[52]

The first case of coronavirus disease was detected in the village on October 7, 2020.[53] As of July 27, 2021, 55 cases were laboratory confirmed in Shmankivtsi, 1 of which was fatal.[54]

Since November 27, 2020, Shmankivtsi belongs to the Zavodske settlement hromada [15]. On November 12, 2021, the Shmankivsky Starostynsky District was formed with its center in the village of Shmankivtsi.[55] 12 листопада 2021 року утворено Шманьківський старостинський округ з центром в селі Шманьківцях.[56]

• St. Nicholas (1869)
• worship chapel (1890, restored 2016)
• Mother of God (1990)
• on the occasion of the proclamation of Independence of Ukraine (1992)

In 1940, a collective farm was forcibly organized, which resumed its work in 1948.

From agricultural enterprises worked agro-share farm "Mayak", PAP "Zlagoda", PAP "Mriya-2000", now works PAP "Parostok".[76]

Also in the village lives a farmer Yuri Zakharchuk, who raises astrakhan sheep and cooks cheese.[77]