Provincial governments of Nepal
The seven provinces of Nepal are governed by provincial governments which form the second level of governance in the country; after the federal government. The provincial governments are established, and their structure defined, by Part 13 of the Constitution of Nepal.
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Legislature
Each province has a unicameral provincial legislature, varying in size according to the population of the province. The members are elected through first-past-the-post voting and party-list proportional representation for a term of five years, unless dissolved sooner. The most recent provincial election was held on 24 November and 7 December 2017.
Few seats across provincial assemblies are vacant following the split in NCP, CPN (UML) and PSP-N, and are yet to be filled via by-elections.
| Legislature | Seats | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CPN (UML) | NC | CPN (MC) | CPN (US) | PSP-N | LSP-N | RPP | BS | RJM | NMKP | NFSP | SLRM | Ind. | Total | |
| Provincial Assembly of Province No. 1[1] | 41 | 21 | 15 | 10 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 93 |
| Provincial Assembly of Madhesh Province[2] | 8 | 19 | 8 | 13 | 39 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 107 |
| Provincial Assembly of Bagmati Province[3] | 43 | 22 | 23 | 13 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 110 |
| Provincial Assembly of Gandaki Province[4] | 27 | 15 | 12 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 60 |
| Provincial Assembly of Lumbini Province[5] | 37 | 19 | 19 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 87 |
| Provincial Assembly of Karnali Province[6] | 13 | 6 | 12 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 40 |
| Provincial Assembly of Sudurpashchim Province[7] | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 53 |
| Total | 180 | 114 | 102 | 54 | 50 | 17 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 550 |
Executive
Political parties of chief ministers as of November 2021.
The head of the provincial government is the Chief Minister, who is the parliamentary party leader of the party with the majority or the highest number of seats in the assembly. The assembly can force the resignation of the chief minister with a vote of no confidence.
| Province | Name | Party | Took office | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Province No. 1 | Rajendra Kumar Rai | CPN (Unified Socialist) | 1 November 2021 | |
| Madhesh | Mohammad Lalbabu Raut[8] | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 14 February 2018 | |
| Bagmati | Rajendra Prasad Pandey | CPN (Unified Socialist) | 28 October 2021 | |
| Gandaki | Krishna Chandra Nepali Pokharel[9] | Nepali Congress | 12 June 2021 | |
| Lumbini | Kul Prasad KC[10] | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 11 August 2021 | |
| Karnali | Jeevan Bahadur Shahi[11] | Nepali Congress | 1 November 2021 | |
| Sudurpashchim | Trilochan Bhatta[12] | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 16 February 2018 | |
The chief minister appoints a provincial cabinet. The members of the provincial cabinet are responsible for the various departments of the provincial administration.
Cabinet of Province No. 1
| S.N. | Portfolio | Holder | Party | Took office | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cabinet ministers | |||||
| 1 | Chief Minister | Rajendra Kumar Rai | CPN (Unified Socialist) | 2 November 2021[13] | |
| 2 | Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning | Indra Bahadur Angbo | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 2 November 2021[13] | |
| 3 | Minister for Roads Infrastructure and Urban Development | Himal Karki | Nepali Congress | 2 November 2021[13] | |
| 4 | Minister for Internal Affairs and Law | Kedar Karki | Nepali Congress | 2 November 2021[13] | |
| 5 | Minister for Health | Jaya Ram Yadav | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 2 November 2021[13] | |
| 6 | Minister for Energy, Water Supply and Irrigation | Ram Kumar Rai | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 6 February 2021 | |
| 7 | Minister for Social Development | Rajan Rai | CPN (Unified Socialist) | 6 February 2021 | |
| 8 | Minister for Culture and Tourism | Khinu Langwa Limbu | CPN (Unified Socialist) | 6 February 2021 | |
| 9 | Minister for Agriculture | Jhalak Bahadur Magar | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 6 February 2021 | |
| 10 | Minister for Forest, Environment and Soil Conservation | Shekhar Chandra Thapa | Nepali Congress | 6 February 2021 | |
| 11 | Minister for Land Management, Co-operatives and Poverty Allivation | Om Prakash Sarawagi | Nepali Congress | 6 February 2021 | |
| 12 | Minister for Industry, Labour and Employment | Pratap Prakash Kangam | Nepali Congress | 6 February 2021 | |
| 13 | Minister for Transportation and Communication | Upendra Ghimire | CPN (Unified Socialist) | 6 February 2021 | |
| State ministers | |||||
| 1 | Minister of state for Social Development | Bishnu Maya Tubahamphe | Sanghiya Loktantrik Rastriya Manch | 2 November 2021[13] | |
Cabinet of Madhesh Province
| S.N. | Portfolio | Holder | Party | Took office | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cabinet ministers | |||||
| 1 | Chief Minister Minister for Commerce, Supplies and Science Technology |
Mohammad Lalbabu Raut | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 14 February 2018[8] | |
| 2 | Deputy Chief Minister Minister for Physical Infrastructure Development |
Ram Saroj Yadav | Nepali Congress | 9 June 2021 | |
| 3 | Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning | Shailendra Prasad Sah | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 1 March 2018[14] | |
| 4 | Minister for Internal Affairs and Communication | Bharat Prasad Sah | Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre) | 17 July 2021 | |
| 5 | Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives | Bijay Kumar Yadav | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 15 February 2018[15] | |
| 6 | Minister for Social Development | Nawal Kishor Sah Sudi | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 1 March 2018 | |
| 7 | Minister for Industry, Tourism and Forest | Satrudhan Mahato | CPN (Unified Socialist) | 20 November 2021 | |
| 8 | Minister for Women, Children, Youth and Sports | Birendra Prasad Singh | Nepali Congress | 9 June 2021 | |
| 9 | Minister for Energy and Drinking Water | Om Prakash Sharma | Nepali Congress | 9 June 2021 | |
| 10 | Minister for Law, Justice and Provincial Assembly Affairs | Pramod Kumar Yadav | CPN (Unified Socialist) | 20 November 2021 | |
| State ministers | |||||
| 1 | Minister of State for Industry, Tourism and Forest | Nagendra Raya Yadav | CPN (Unified Socialist) | 6 February 2021 | |
| 2 | Minister of State for Economic Affairs and Planning | Usha Yadav | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 1 March 2018[14] | |
| 3 | Minister of State for Internal Affairs and Law | Rubi Karn | Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre) | 1 March 2018 | |
| 4 | Minister of State for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives | Yogendra Ray Yadav | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | 1 March 2018[14] | |
Cabinet of Bagmati Province
| S.N. | Portfolio | Name | Party | Took office | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cabinet ministers | |||||
| 1 | Chief Minister | Rajendra Prasad Pandey | CPN (Unified Socialist) | 28 October 2021[16] | |
| 2 | Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning | Shalikram Jamarkattel | Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre) | 11 November 2021 | |
| 3 | Minister for Physical Infrastructure Development | Krishna Lal Badel | Nepali Congress | 28 October 2021[16] | |
| 4 | Minister for Internal Affairs and Law | Krishna Prasad Sharma Khanal | CPN (Unified Socialist) | 28 October 2021[16] | |
| 5 | Minister for Social Development | Kumari Moktan | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 28 October 2021[16] | |
| 6 | Minister for Health | Nima Lama | Nepali Congress | 11 November 2021 | |
| 7 | Ministry of Labour, Employment and Transportation | Ghanshyam Dahal | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 15 December 2021 | |
| 8 | Ministry of Energy, Water Supply and Irrigation | Basanta Kumar Manandhar | CPN (Unified Socialist) | 15 December 2021 | |
| 9 | Minister for Agriculture and Livestock Development | Basundhara Humagain | CPN (Unified Socialist) | 15 December 2021 | |
| 10 | Ministry of Forest and Environment | Bishal Khadka | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 15 December 2021 | |
| 11 | Miniatry of Youth and Sports | Ratna Prasad Dhakal | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 15 December 2021 | |
| 12 | Minister for Land Management, Co-operatives and Poverty Allivation | Balram Paudel | Nepali Congress | 24 December 2021 | |
| 13 | Minister for Industry, Commerce and Supplies | Milan Babu Shrestha | Nepali Congress | 24 December 2021 | |
| 14 | Minister for Culture and Tourism | Dipendra Shrestha | Nepali Congress | 24 December 2021 | |
| State ministers | |||||
| 1 | Minister of state for Agriculture and Livestock Development | Indra Maya Gurung | CPN (Unified Socialist) | 15 December 2021 | |
| 2 | Minister of state for Physical Infrastructure Development | Santa Bahadur Praja | Nepali Congress | 24 December 2021 | |
| 3 | Minister of state for Industry, Commerce and Supplies | Rajni Amatya | Nepali Congress | 24 December 2021 | |
| 4 | Minister of state for Health | Kalpana Nepali | Nepali Congress | 24 December 2021 | |
Cabinet of Gandaki Province
| S.N. | Portfolio | Holder | Party | Took office | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cabinet ministers | |||||
| 1 | Chief Minister | Krishna Chandra Nepali | Nepali Congress | 12 June 2021 | |
| 2 | Minister for Physical Infrastructures, Urban Development and Transportation | Kumar Khadka | Nepali Congress | 12 June 2021 | |
| 3 | Minister of Finance | Ramji Prasad Baral | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 23 July 2021 | |
| 4 | Minister for Energy, Water Resources and Drinking Water | Harisharan Acharya | PSP-N | 12 June 2021 | |
| 5 | Minister for Youth and Sports | Rajiv Gurung | Independent | 12 June 2021 | |
| 6 | Minister for Tourism, Industry, Commerce and Supplies | Mani Bhadra Sharma | Nepali Congress | 23 July 2021 | |
| 7 | Minister for Education, Culture, Science, Technology and Social Development | Mekha Lal Shrestha | Nepali Congress | 23 July 2021 | |
| 8 | Minister for Health and Population | Madhumaya Adhikari Gurung | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 12 June 2021 | |
| 9 | Minister for Land Management, Agriculture, Cooperatives and Poverty Alleviation | Chandra Bahadur Budha | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 23 July 2021 | |
| 10 | Minister for Law, Communications and Provincial Assembly Affairs | Bindu Kumar Thapa | Nepali Congress | 23 July 2021 | |
| 11 | Minister for Forest, Environment and Soil Conservation | Dipak Thapa | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 23 July 2021 | |
| 12 | Minister for Internal Affairs | Dobate Bishwakarma | Nepali Congress | 11 October 2021 | |
Cabinet of Lumbini Province
| S.N. | Portfolio | Holder | Party | Took office | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cabinet ministers | |||||
| 1 | Chief Minister | Kul Prasad KC | CPN(Maoist Centre) | 12 August 2021 | |
| 2 | Minister for Tourism, Rural and Urban Development | Dilli Bahadur Chaudhary | Nepali Congress | 12 August 2021 | |
| 3 | Minister for Economic Affairs and Cooperatives | Krishna Dhoj Khadka | CPN(Maoist Centre) | 12 August 2021 | |
| 4 | Minister for Physical Infrastructure Development | Sahas Ram Yadav | PSP-N | 12 August 2021 | |
| 5 | Minister for Health, Population and Family Welfare | Tilakram Sharma | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 10 October 2021 | |
| 6 | Minister for Internal Affairs and Communication | Indrajit Tharu | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 10 October 2021 | |
| 7 | Minister for Energy, Water Resource and Irrigation | Bir Bahadur Rana | Nepali Congress | 10 October 2021 | |
| 8 | Minister for Forest, Environment and Soil Conservation | Surendra Bahadur Hamal | Nepali Congress | 10 October 2021 | |
| 9 | Minister for Industry, Commerce and Supplies | Ajay Shahi | People's Progressive Party | 12 August 2021 | |
| 10 | Minister for Law, Women Children and Elder Citizens | Rama Gharti | CPN (Unified Socialist) | 10 October 2021 | |
| 11 | Minister for Education, Science and Sports | Wasiuddin Khan | Nepali Congress | 10 October 2021 | |
| 12 | Minister for Labour, Employment and Transportation Management | Purmati Dhenga | PSP-N | 12 August 2021 | |
| 13 | Minister for Agriculture, Food Technology and Land Management | Suman Sharma Rayamajhi | PSP-N | 12 August 2021 | |
| State ministers | |||||
| 1 | Minister of State for Agriculture, Food Technology and Land Management | Bimala Khatri Oli | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 10 October 2021 | |
| 2 | Minister of State for Energy, Water Resource and Irrigation | Arjun Kumar Shrestha | Nepali Congress | 10 October 2021 | |
| 3 | Minister of state for Economic Affairs and Co-operative | Sushma Yadav | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 10 October 2021 | |
| 4 | Minister of State for Tourism, Rural and Urban Development | Rina Nepal BK | Nepali Congress | 10 October 2021 | |
Cabinet of Karnali Province
| S.N. | Portfolio | Holder | Party | Took office | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cabinet ministers | |||||
| 1 | Chief Minister | Jeevan Bahadur Shahi | Nepali Congress | 2 November 2021[17] | |
| 2 | Minister for Social Development | Yagya Bahadur Budha Chhetri | Nepali Congress | 6 February 2021 | |
| 3 | Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Cooperatives | Chandra Bahadur Shahi | CPN (Unified Socialist) | 16 November 2021 | |
| 4 | Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning | Binda Man Bista | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 30 November 2021 | |
| 5 | Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Urban Development | Padam Bahadur Rokaya | CPN (Unified Socialist) | 6 February 2021 | |
| 6 | Minister for Water Resource and Energy Development | Ganesh Prasad Singh | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 6 February 2021 | |
| 7 | Minister for Internal Affairs and Law | Him Bahadur Shahi | Nepali Congress | 6 February 2021 | |
| 8 | Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment | Karchen Lama | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 6 February 2021 | |
Cabinet of Sudurpashchim Province
| S.N. | Portfolio | Name | Party | Took office | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cabinet ministers | |||||
| 1 | Chief Minister | Trilochan Bhatta | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 16 February 2018 | |
| 2 | Minister of Internal Affairs and Law | Dr. Ran Bahadur Rawal | Nepali Congress | 8 April 2022 | |
| 3 | Minister of Physical Infrastructure Development | Dirgha Sodari | CPN (Unified Socialist) | 28 May 2021[18] | |
| 4 | Minister of Economic Affairs and Planning | Kul Bir Chaudhary | CPN (Unified Socialist) | 8 April 2022 | |
| 5 | Minister of Social Development | Govinda Raj Bohara | Nepali Congress | 8 April 2022 | |
| 6 | Minister of Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment | Man Bahadur Dhami | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 28 May 2021[18] | |
| 7 | Minister of Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives | Binita Chaudhary | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 18 February 2018 | |
| State ministers | |||||
| 1 | Minister of State for Physical Infrastructure Development | Chun Kumari Chaudhary | CPN (Unified Socialist) | 28 May 2021[18] | |
| 2 | Minister of State for Social Development | Tek Bahadur Raika Aauji | Nepali Congress | 8 April 2022 | |
| 3 | Minister of State for Economic Affairs and Planning | Amar Bahadur Saud | CPN (Unified Socialist) | 8 April 2022 | |
| 4 | Minister of State for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives | Man Bahadur Sunar | CPN (Maoist Centre) | 28 May 2021[18] | |
Judiciary
The former appellate courts were changed into High Courts after the adoption of the new constitution.[19]
Additional Benches and Extended Benches of Nepal
See also
References
- "प्रदेश सभा सदस्यहरु". प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय, प्रदेश नं.१, विराटनगर (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-29.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "संसदीय दलहरु". प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय, प्रदेश नं.२, जनकपुरधाम (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-29.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "प्रदेश सभाका सदस्य". प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय, बागमती प्रदेश, हेटौडा (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-29.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "प्रदेश सभा, गण्डकी प्रदेशमा प्रतिनिधित्व गर्ने राजनीतिक दलहरु". प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय, प्रदेश नं. ४, पोखरा (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-29.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "राजनीतिक दलहरु". प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय, लुम्बिनी प्रदेश, बुटवल (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-29.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "राजनीतिक दलहरु". प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय, कर्णाली प्रदेश, वीरेन्द्रनगर (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-29.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "माननीयहरुको विवरण". प्रदेश सभा सचिवालय, सुदूरपश्चिम प्रदेश, धनगढी (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-29.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - "Lalbabu Raut appointed as Chief Minister of Province-2". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- "Krishna Chandra Nepali Pokharel of Nepali Congress appointed Gandaki CM - OnlineKhabar English News". Retrieved 2021-08-13.
- "लुम्बिनीका मुख्यमन्त्री केसीले लिए शपथ". ekantipur.com (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-08-13.
- "कर्णालीको मुख्यमन्त्रीमा कांग्रेसका जीवनबहादुर शाही". ekantipur.com (in Nepali). Retrieved 2021-11-02.
- "Trilochan Bhatta becomes Province 7 chief minister". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-16. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- "Province 1 CM Rai takes oath of office, forms 6-member Cabinet". risingnepaldaily.com. Retrieved 2021-11-02.
- "Cabinets of Province 2 and 3 expanded". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- "Gaddhi sworn in as Province 2 CM, Sonal, Yadav get ministries". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-16. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- "Rajendra Pandey appointed chief minister of Bagmati".
- "Province 1, Karnali get new chief ministers". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 2021-11-29.
- "Sudurpashchim cabinet reshuffle: Five ministers and four state ministers appointed". Khabarhub. Retrieved 2021-05-28.
- "Govt designates all 7 high courts". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
- "High court overrules lower court's order to release Giri on bail". The Himalayan Times. 2020-01-24. Retrieved 2020-11-10.
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