Windows-1251

Windows-1251 is an 8-bit character encoding, designed to cover languages that use the Cyrillic script such as Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Serbian Cyrillic, Macedonian and other languages.

Windows-1251
MIME / IANAwindows-1251
Alias(es)cp1251 (Code page 1251)
Language(s)Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Serbian Cyrillic, Macedonian, English
Created byMicrosoft
StandardWHATWG Encoding Standard
Classificationextended ASCII, Windows-125x
Other related encoding(s)Amiga-1251, KZ-1048,
RFC 1345's "ECMA-Cyrillic"

It is the second most-used single-byte character encoding in the world, and most used of those supporting Cyrillic. As of March 2022, 0.5% of all websites use Windows-1251.[1][2] However, it is used by 7.8% of Russian (.ru) websites,[3][4][5] where it is the second most popular choice after UTF-8. In Linux, the encoding is known as cp1251.[6] IBM uses code page 1251 (CCSID 1251 and euro sign extended CCSID 5347) for Windows-1251.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13]

Windows-1251 and KOI8-R (or its Ukrainian variant KOI8-U) are much more commonly used than ISO 8859-5 (which is "used by less than 0.1% of websites").[14] In contrast to Windows-1252 and ISO 8859-1, Windows-1251 is not closely related to ISO 8859-5.

Unicode is preferred to Windows-1251 or other Cyrillic encodings in modern applications, especially on the Internet, making UTF-8 the dominant encoding for web pages. (For further discussion of Unicode's complete coverage, of 436 Cyrillic letters/code points, including for Old Cyrillic, and how single-byte character encodings, such as Windows-1251 and KOI8-R, cannot provide this, see Cyrillic script in Unicode.)

Character set

The following table shows Windows-1251. Each character is shown with its Unicode equivalent and its Alt code.

Windows-1251[15]
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
0x title="Alt+0 U+0000 NULL" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|NUL title="Alt+01 U+0001 START OF HEADING" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|SOH title="Alt+02 U+0002 START OF TEXT" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|STX title="Alt+03 U+0003 END OF TEXT" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|ETX title="Alt+04 U+0004 END OF TRANSMISSION" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|EOT title="Alt+05 U+0005 ENQUIRY" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|ENQ title="Alt+06 U+0006 ACKNOWLEDGE" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|ACK title="Alt+07 U+0007 BELL" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|BEL title="Alt+08 U+0008 BACKSPACE" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|BS title="Alt+09 U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|HT title="Alt+010 U+000A LINE FEED (LF)" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|LF title="Alt+011 U+000B LINE TABULATION" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|VT title="Alt+012 U+000C FORM FEED (FF)" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|FF title="Alt+013 U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|CR title="Alt+014 U+000E SHIFT OUT" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|SO title="Alt+015 U+000F SHIFT IN" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|SI
1x title="Alt+016 U+0010 DATA LINK ESCAPE" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|DLE title="Alt+017 U+0011 DEVICE CONTROL ONE" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|DC1 title="Alt+018 U+0012 DEVICE CONTROL TWO" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|DC2 title="Alt+019 U+0013 DEVICE CONTROL THREE" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|DC3 title="Alt+020 U+0014 DEVICE CONTROL FOUR" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|DC4 title="Alt+021 U+0015 NEGATIVE ACKNOWLEDGE" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|NAK title="Alt+022 U+0016 SYNCHRONOUS IDLE" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|SYN title="Alt+023 U+0017 END OF TRANSMISSION BLOCK" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|ETB title="Alt+024 U+0018 CANCEL" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|CAN title="Alt+025 U+0019 END OF MEDIUM" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|EM title="Alt+026 U+001A SUBSTITUTE" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|SUB title="Alt+027 U+001B ESCAPE" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|ESC title="Alt+028 U+001C INFORMATION SEPARATOR FOUR" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|FS title="Alt+029 U+001D INFORMATION SEPARATOR THREE" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|GS title="Alt+030 U+001E INFORMATION SEPARATOR TWO" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|RS title="Alt+031 U+001F INFORMATION SEPARATOR ONE" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|US
2x title="Alt+32 U+0020 SPACE" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| SP  title="Alt+33 U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|! title="Alt+34 U+0022 QUOTATION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|" title="Alt+35 U+0023 NUMBER SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|# title="Alt+36 U+0024 DOLLAR SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|$ title="Alt+37 U+0025 PERCENT SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|% title="Alt+38 U+0026 AMPERSAND" style="padding:1px;"|& title="Alt+39 U+0027 APOSTROPHE" style="padding:1px;"|' title="Alt+40 U+0028 LEFT PARENTHESIS" style="padding:1px;"|( title="Alt+41 U+0029 RIGHT PARENTHESIS" style="padding:1px;"|) title="Alt+42 U+002A ASTERISK" style="padding:1px;"|* title="Alt+43 U+002B PLUS SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|+ title="Alt+44 U+002C COMMA" style="padding:1px;"|, title="Alt+45 U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS" style="padding:1px;"|- title="Alt+46 U+002E FULL STOP" style="padding:1px;"|. title="Alt+47 U+002F SOLIDUS" style="padding:1px;"|/
3x title="Alt+48 U+0030 DIGIT ZERO" style="padding:1px;"|0 title="Alt+49 U+0031 DIGIT ONE" style="padding:1px;"|1 title="Alt+50 U+0032 DIGIT TWO" style="padding:1px;"|2 title="Alt+51 U+0033 DIGIT THREE" style="padding:1px;"|3 title="Alt+52 U+0034 DIGIT FOUR" style="padding:1px;"|4 title="Alt+53 U+0035 DIGIT FIVE" style="padding:1px;"|5 title="Alt+54 U+0036 DIGIT SIX" style="padding:1px;"|6 title="Alt+55 U+0037 DIGIT SEVEN" style="padding:1px;"|7 title="Alt+56 U+0038 DIGIT EIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|8 title="Alt+57 U+0039 DIGIT NINE" style="padding:1px;"|9 title="Alt+58 U+003A COLON" style="padding:1px;"|: title="Alt+59 U+003B SEMICOLON" style="padding:1px;"|; title="Alt+60 U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|< title="Alt+61 U+003D EQUALS SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|= title="Alt+62 U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|> title="Alt+63 U+003F QUESTION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|?
4x title="Alt+64 U+0040 COMMERCIAL AT" style="padding:1px;"|@ title="Alt+65 U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A" style="padding:1px;"|A title="Alt+66 U+0042 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER B" style="padding:1px;"|B title="Alt+67 U+0043 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C" style="padding:1px;"|C title="Alt+68 U+0044 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D" style="padding:1px;"|D title="Alt+69 U+0045 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E" style="padding:1px;"|E title="Alt+70 U+0046 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER F" style="padding:1px;"|F title="Alt+71 U+0047 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G" style="padding:1px;"|G title="Alt+72 U+0048 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H" style="padding:1px;"|H title="Alt+73 U+0049 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I" style="padding:1px;"|I title="Alt+74 U+004A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J" style="padding:1px;"|J title="Alt+75 U+004B LATIN CAPITAL LETTER K" style="padding:1px;"|K title="Alt+76 U+004C LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L" style="padding:1px;"|L title="Alt+77 U+004D LATIN CAPITAL LETTER M" style="padding:1px;"|M title="Alt+78 U+004E LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N" style="padding:1px;"|N title="Alt+79 U+004F LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O" style="padding:1px;"|O
5x title="Alt+80 U+0050 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER P" style="padding:1px;"|P title="Alt+81 U+0051 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Q" style="padding:1px;"|Q title="Alt+82 U+0052 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER R" style="padding:1px;"|R title="Alt+83 U+0053 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S" style="padding:1px;"|S title="Alt+84 U+0054 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T" style="padding:1px;"|T title="Alt+85 U+0055 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U" style="padding:1px;"|U title="Alt+86 U+0056 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER V" style="padding:1px;"|V title="Alt+87 U+0057 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER W" style="padding:1px;"|W title="Alt+88 U+0058 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X" style="padding:1px;"|X title="Alt+89 U+0059 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y" style="padding:1px;"|Y title="Alt+90 U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z" style="padding:1px;"|Z title="Alt+91 U+005B LEFT SQUARE BRACKET" style="padding:1px;"|[ title="Alt+92 U+005C REVERSE SOLIDUS" style="padding:1px;"|\ title="Alt+93 U+005D RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET" style="padding:1px;"|] title="Alt+94 U+005E CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT" style="padding:1px;"|^ title="Alt+95 U+005F LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;"|_
6x title="Alt+96 U+0060 GRAVE ACCENT" style="padding:1px;"|` title="Alt+97 U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A" style="padding:1px;"|a title="Alt+98 U+0062 LATIN SMALL LETTER B" style="padding:1px;"|b title="Alt+99 U+0063 LATIN SMALL LETTER C" style="padding:1px;"|c title="Alt+100 U+0064 LATIN SMALL LETTER D" style="padding:1px;"|d title="Alt+101 U+0065 LATIN SMALL LETTER E" style="padding:1px;"|e title="Alt+102 U+0066 LATIN SMALL LETTER F" style="padding:1px;"|f title="Alt+103 U+0067 LATIN SMALL LETTER G" style="padding:1px;"|g title="Alt+104 U+0068 LATIN SMALL LETTER H" style="padding:1px;"|h title="Alt+105 U+0069 LATIN SMALL LETTER I" style="padding:1px;"|i title="Alt+106 U+006A LATIN SMALL LETTER J" style="padding:1px;"|j title="Alt+107 U+006B LATIN SMALL LETTER K" style="padding:1px;"|k title="Alt+108 U+006C LATIN SMALL LETTER L" style="padding:1px;"|l title="Alt+109 U+006D LATIN SMALL LETTER M" style="padding:1px;"|m title="Alt+110 U+006E LATIN SMALL LETTER N" style="padding:1px;"|n title="Alt+111 U+006F LATIN SMALL LETTER O" style="padding:1px;"|o
7x title="Alt+112 U+0070 LATIN SMALL LETTER P" style="padding:1px;"|p title="Alt+113 U+0071 LATIN SMALL LETTER Q" style="padding:1px;"|q title="Alt+114 U+0072 LATIN SMALL LETTER R" style="padding:1px;"|r title="Alt+115 U+0073 LATIN SMALL LETTER S" style="padding:1px;"|s title="Alt+116 U+0074 LATIN SMALL LETTER T" style="padding:1px;"|t title="Alt+117 U+0075 LATIN SMALL LETTER U" style="padding:1px;"|u title="Alt+118 U+0076 LATIN SMALL LETTER V" style="padding:1px;"|v title="Alt+119 U+0077 LATIN SMALL LETTER W" style="padding:1px;"|w title="Alt+120 U+0078 LATIN SMALL LETTER X" style="padding:1px;"|x title="Alt+121 U+0079 LATIN SMALL LETTER Y" style="padding:1px;"|y title="Alt+122 U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z" style="padding:1px;"|z title="Alt+123 U+007B LEFT CURLY BRACKET" style="padding:1px;"|{ title="Alt+124 U+007C VERTICAL LINE" style="padding:1px;"|| title="Alt+125 U+007D RIGHT CURLY BRACKET" style="padding:1px;"|} title="Alt+126 U+007E TILDE" style="padding:1px;"|~ title="Alt+0127 U+007F DELETE" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|DEL
8x title="Alt+0128 U+0402 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER DJE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Ђ title="Alt+0129 U+0403 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER GJE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Ѓ title="Alt+0130 U+201A SINGLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|‚ title="Alt+0131 U+0453 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER GJE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|ѓ title="Alt+0132 U+201E DOUBLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|„ title="Alt+0133 U+2026 HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS" style="padding:1px;"|… title="Alt+0134 U+2020 DAGGER" style="padding:1px;"|† title="Alt+0135 U+2021 DOUBLE DAGGER" style="padding:1px;"|‡ title="Alt+0136 U+20AC EURO SIGN" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|€ title="Alt+0137 U+2030 PER MILLE SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|‰ title="Alt+0138 U+0409 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER LJE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Љ title="Alt+0139 U+2039 SINGLE LEFT-POINTING ANGLE QUOTATION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|‹ title="Alt+0140 U+040A CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER NJE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Њ title="Alt+0141 U+040C CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER KJE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Ќ title="Alt+0142 U+040B CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER TSHE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Ћ title="Alt+0143 U+040F CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER DZHE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Џ
9x title="Alt+0144 U+0452 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER DJE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|ђ title="Alt+0145 U+2018 LEFT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|‘ title="Alt+0146 U+2019 RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|’ title="Alt+0147 U+201C LEFT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|“ title="Alt+0148 U+201D RIGHT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|” title="Alt+0149 U+2022 BULLET" style="padding:1px;"|• title="Alt+0150 U+2013 EN DASH" style="padding:1px;"|– title="Alt+0151 U+2014 EM DASH" style="padding:1px;"|— title="Alt+0152 " style="padding:1px;background:#DDA"| title="Alt+0153 U+2122 TRADE MARK SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|™ title="Alt+0154 U+0459 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER LJE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|љ title="Alt+0155 U+203A SINGLE RIGHT-POINTING ANGLE QUOTATION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|› title="Alt+0156 U+045A CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER NJE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|њ title="Alt+0157 U+045C CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER KJE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|ќ title="Alt+0158 U+045B CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER TSHE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|ћ title="Alt+0159 U+045F CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER DZHE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|џ
Ax title="Alt+0160 U+00A0 NO-BREAK SPACE" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|NBSP title="Alt+0161 U+040E CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER SHORT U" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Ў title="Alt+0162 U+045E CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SHORT U" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|ў title="Alt+0163 U+0408 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER JE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Ј title="Alt+0164 U+00A4 CURRENCY SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|¤ title="Alt+0165 U+0490 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER GHE WITH UPTURN" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Ґ title="Alt+0166 U+00A6 BROKEN BAR" style="padding:1px;"|¦ title="Alt+0167 U+00A7 SECTION SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|§ title="Alt+0168 U+0401 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER IO" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Ё title="Alt+0169 U+00A9 COPYRIGHT SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|© title="Alt+0170 U+0404 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER UKRAINIAN IE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Є title="Alt+0171 U+00AB LEFT-POINTING DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|« title="Alt+0172 U+00AC NOT SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|¬ title="Alt+0173 U+00AD SOFT HYPHEN" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|SHY title="Alt+0174 U+00AE REGISTERED SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|® title="Alt+0175 U+0407 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER YI" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Ї
Bx title="Alt+0176 U+00B0 DEGREE SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|° title="Alt+0177 U+00B1 PLUS-MINUS SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|± title="Alt+0178 U+0406 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER BYELORUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN I" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|І title="Alt+0179 U+0456 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER BYELORUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN I" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|і title="Alt+0180 U+0491 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER GHE WITH UPTURN" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|ґ title="Alt+0181 U+00B5 MICRO SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|µ title="Alt+0182 U+00B6 PILCROW SIGN" style="padding:1px;"| title="Alt+0183 U+00B7 MIDDLE DOT" style="padding:1px;"|· title="Alt+0184 U+0451 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IO" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|ё title="Alt+0185 U+2116 NUMERO SIGN" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|№ title="Alt+0186 U+0454 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER UKRAINIAN IE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|є title="Alt+0187 U+00BB RIGHT-POINTING DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|» title="Alt+0188 U+0458 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER JE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|ј title="Alt+0189 U+0405 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER DZE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Ѕ title="Alt+0190 U+0455 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER DZE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|ѕ title="Alt+0191 U+0457 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YI" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|ї
Cx title="Alt+0192 U+0410 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER A" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|А title="Alt+0193 U+0411 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER BE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Б title="Alt+0194 U+0412 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER VE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|В title="Alt+0195 U+0413 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER GHE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Г title="Alt+0196 U+0414 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER DE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Д title="Alt+0197 U+0415 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER IE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Е title="Alt+0198 U+0416 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ZHE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Ж title="Alt+0199 U+0417 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ZE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|З title="Alt+0200 U+0418 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER I" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|И title="Alt+0201 U+0419 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER SHORT I" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Й title="Alt+0202 U+041A CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER KA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|К title="Alt+0203 U+041B CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER EL" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Л title="Alt+0204 U+041C CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER EM" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|М title="Alt+0205 U+041D CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER EN" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Н title="Alt+0206 U+041E CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER O" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|О title="Alt+0207 U+041F CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER PE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|П
Dx title="Alt+0208 U+0420 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ER" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Р title="Alt+0209 U+0421 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ES" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|С title="Alt+0210 U+0422 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER TE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Т title="Alt+0211 U+0423 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER U" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|У title="Alt+0212 U+0424 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER EF" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Ф title="Alt+0213 U+0425 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER HA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Х title="Alt+0214 U+0426 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER TSE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Ц title="Alt+0215 U+0427 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER CHE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Ч title="Alt+0216 U+0428 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER SHA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Ш title="Alt+0217 U+0429 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER SHCHA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Щ title="Alt+0218 U+042A CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER HARD SIGN" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Ъ title="Alt+0219 U+042B CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER YERU" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Ы title="Alt+0220 U+042C CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER SOFT SIGN" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Ь title="Alt+0221 U+042D CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER E" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Э title="Alt+0222 U+042E CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER YU" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Ю title="Alt+0223 U+042F CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER YA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Я
Ex title="Alt+0224 U+0430 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER A" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|а title="Alt+0225 U+0431 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER BE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|б title="Alt+0226 U+0432 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER VE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|в title="Alt+0227 U+0433 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER GHE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|г title="Alt+0228 U+0434 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER DE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|д title="Alt+0229 U+0435 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|е title="Alt+0230 U+0436 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ZHE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|ж title="Alt+0231 U+0437 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ZE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|з title="Alt+0232 U+0438 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER I" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|и title="Alt+0233 U+0439 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SHORT I" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|й title="Alt+0234 U+043A CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER KA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|к title="Alt+0235 U+043B CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER EL" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|л title="Alt+0236 U+043C CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER EM" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|м title="Alt+0237 U+043D CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER EN" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|н title="Alt+0238 U+043E CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER O" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|о title="Alt+0239 U+043F CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER PE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|п
Fx title="Alt+0240 U+0440 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ER" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|р title="Alt+0241 U+0441 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ES" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|с title="Alt+0242 U+0442 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER TE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|т title="Alt+0243 U+0443 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER U" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|у title="Alt+0244 U+0444 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER EF" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|ф title="Alt+0245 U+0445 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER HA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|х title="Alt+0246 U+0446 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER TSE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|ц title="Alt+0247 U+0447 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER CHE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|ч title="Alt+0248 U+0448 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SHA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|ш title="Alt+0249 U+0449 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SHCHA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|щ title="Alt+0250 U+044A CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER HARD SIGN" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|ъ title="Alt+0251 U+044B CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YERU" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|ы title="Alt+0252 U+044C CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SOFT SIGN" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|ь title="Alt+0253 U+044D CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER E" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|э title="Alt+0254 U+044E CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YU" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|ю title="Alt+0255 U+044F CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|я
  Differences from Windows-1252

Kazakh variant

An altered version of Windows-1251 was standardised in Kazakhstan as Kazakh standard STRK1048, and is known by the label KZ-1048. It differs in the rows shown below:

KZ-1048 (STRK1048-2002)[16]
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
8x Ђ Ѓ ‚ ѓ „ … † ‡ € ‰ Љ ‹ Њ Қ Һ Џ
9x ђ ‘ ’ “ ” • – — ™ љ › њ қ һ џ
Ax NBSP Ұ ұ Ә ¤ Ө ¦ § Ё © Ғ « ¬ SHY ® Ү
Bx ° ± І і ө µ · ё № ғ » ә Ң ң ү
  Differences from Windows-1251

Amiga variant
Amiga-1251
MIME / IANAAmiga-1251
Alias(es)Ami1251
Language(s)English, Russian
Classificationextended ASCII
Based onWindows-1251, ISO-8859-1, ISO-8859-15

Russian Amiga OS systems used a version of code page 1251 which matches Windows-1251 for the Russian subset of the Cyrillic letters, but otherwise mostly follows ISO-8859-1. This version is known as Amiga-1251,[17] under which name it is registered with the IANA.[18]

Amiga-1251[17]
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
8x XXX XXX BPH NBH IND NEL SSA ESA HTS HTJ VTS PLD PLU RI SS2 SS3
9x DCS PU1 PU2 STS CCH MW SPA EPA SOS XXX SCI CSI ST OSC PM APC
Ax NBSP ¡ ¢ £ €[lower-alpha 1] ¥ ¦ § Ё © №[lower-alpha 2] « ¬ SHY ® ¯
Bx ° ± ² ³ ´ µ · ё ¹ º » ¼ ½ ¾ ¿
  Different from Windows-1251 to match ISO-8859-1
  Different from both Windows-1251 and ISO-8859-1
  1. Matching ISO-8859-15; at a different location than in Windows-1251
  2. Present in Windows-1251, but in a different location (absent from ISO-8859-1/15)

References
  1. "Historical trends in the usage of character encodings, March 2022". Retrieved 2022-03-16.
  2. "Frequently Asked Questions".
  3. "Distribution of Character Encodings among websites that use .ru". w3techs.com. Retrieved 2022-03-30.
  4. "Distribution of Character Encodings among websites that use Russian". w3techs.com. Retrieved 2021-10-07.
  5. "Distribution of Character Encodings among websites that use Russian Federation". w3techs.com. Retrieved 2021-11-05.
  6. "cp1251(7) - Linux manual page". man7.org. Retrieved 2018-07-01.
  7. "Code page 1251 information document". Archived from the original on 2016-03-03.
  8. "CCSID 1251 information document". Archived from the original on 2014-11-29.
  9. "CCSID 5347 information document". Archived from the original on 2014-11-29.
  10. Code Page CPGID 01251 (pdf) (PDF), IBM
  11. Code Page CPGID 01251 (txt), IBM
  12. International Components for Unicode (ICU), ibm-1251_P100-1995.ucm, 2002-12-03
  13. International Components for Unicode (ICU), ibm-5347_P100-1998.ucm, 2002-12-03
  14. "Usage Statistics of Character Encodings for Websites". w3techs.com. Archived from the original on 2012-05-30.
  15. Steele, Shawn (1998). CP1251 to Unicode table. Unicode Consortium. CP1251.TXT.
  16. Whistler, Ken (2007). KZ-1048 to Unicode. Unicode Consortium. KZ1048.TXT.
  17. Malyshev, Michael (2003). "Amiga-1251 to Unicode table". Registration of new charset [Amiga-1251]. IANA.
  18. "Character Sets". IANA.

Further reading
  • Kornai, Andras; Birnbaum, David J.; da Cruz, Frank; Davis, Bur; Fowler, George; Paine, Richard B.; Paperno, Slava; Simonsen, Keld J.; Thobe, Glenn E.; Vulis, Dimitri; van Wingen, Johan W. (1993-03-13). "CYRILLIC ENCODING FAQ Version 1.3". Retrieved 2020-06-24.
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