Barh
Barh is a city in patna district [[(39th proposed district) of Bihar. On 13th March 2022 ,in a general meeting at barh , chief minister Nitish Kumar announced that barh will be declared as a district soon.The district comes under Patna division of Bihar, India.,]] It is the oldest subdivision of India since British rule 1882. It is located on the southern bank of the Ganga River, a common place for Hindu cremation rituals.[1] The place is well known for Umanath, a Shiva temple on the shores of the Ganga and the Alakhnath Temple. Laii, a sweet from Barh that looks like laddu, is known for its rich taste.
BARH zila (announced soon) | |
|---|---|
town and district | |
| BARH ZILA | |
  BARH zila (announced soon) Location in Bihar, India  BARH zila (announced soon) BARH zila (announced soon) (India) | |
| Coordinates: 25.48°N 85.72°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Bihar |
| Division | Patna |
| District | Barh |
| Government | |
| • Body | Nagar Parishad |
| Area | |
| • Total | 98,000 km2 (38,000 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 47 m (154 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | Approx 10 lakhs in district |
| Demonym(s) | barh |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Magahi, Hindi |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 803212,803213,803214 |
| Telephone code | 06132 |
| Vehicle registration | BR-01(but after declaring district it will change) |
| Website | patna |
Demographics
According to the 2011 Census of India, Barh had a total population of 316,348 residents, with 162,354 males and 153,994 females. Barh has an average literacy rate of 100%.[2]
Politics
Barh is a part of the Munger parliamentary constituency. It is also the oldest subdivision in India.[3]
History
Barh has been a prominent trading satellite city in Patna, even in pre-Mughal and British periods. It was an intermediary town between the river trade in Patna and Kolkata. Numerous references to Barh were found in travelogues by European visitors and historical chronicles of Islamic historians.
Peace Treaty of Barh
In 1495, after the sack of Patna, Sikandar Lodi advanced towards Bengal, but a non-aggression pact was made between the Delhi and the Bengal armies. It was decided that the territory to the east of Barh would be controlled by Bengal's ruler, while those to the west would be controlled by the Delhi empire.[4]
Sarai
During the Mughal period, Barh had a large sarai with 200 rooms for travelers/traders built by Sher Shah Suri.[5]
Guru Tegh Bahadur's visit
1666 Guru Tegh Bahadur stayed in Barh during his tour of the eastern districts in 1666 while on course to Assam at Bari Sangat situated in Chuna Khari Mohalla. The building was destroyed in 1934 earthquake, but an old well remains and priests belonging to Nanak Panthi Udasin Math continue to be in possession of open site.
A small gurdwara was established in Barh byTakht Harimandar Sahib for in Balipur Mohalla, Pipal Tal, near Tiraha Chowk for native Sikhs.
Mir Qasim
The British took gradual control of Bihar after the Battle of Plassey (1757). Mir Qasim (son-in-law of Mir Jafar who had betrayed Siraj ud-Daulah during the Battle of Plassey) executed the Jagat Seth before raiding Patna, which had been occupied by the British. He lost the Battle of Buxar, and Barh and Patna were taken into the British Empire.
Rennell's Survey
In 1776, James Rennell, also called the "Father of Indian Geography", surveyed Bengal and listed prominent destinations.[6]
Barh Railway line
On 10 November 1877, the Barh railway station was opened to the public.[7]
Plague
Between the 1890s to 1910, Barh and Patna were afflicted by the plague.
It is believed that the 1898 plague came by sea by rats aboard infected ships, though it first appeared in the British India Steam Navigation Company's wharf.[8] The two main factors for the spread of the plague were believed to be the high presence of rats and houses with poor hygiene and bad ventilation.[8]
The population of the extended Barh subdivision decreased from 408,256 in 1891 to 365,327 in 1901 due to the plague.[9]
Sati incident
In 1928, Sampati Kuer, a young widow from Berhna village, committed sati on the funeral pyre of her deceased husband. The British government suspected foul play and sentenced 10 people to prison, including her brother Murlidhar Pande, as sati was outlawed 100 years earlier by the British government.[10]
Transport
Barh is by National Highway 31. The town also has a railway station with the same name.[11]
NTPC Barh
NTPC Limited is India's largest power-generating company. The former Prime Minister of India, Atal Bihari Vajpayee, laid the foundation stone of the main plant of stage 1 of NTPC Barh Super Thermal Power Station on 6 March 1999.[12]
References
- "Hindu Funerals, Cremation and Varanasi". 16 October 2013. Archived from the original on 16 October 2013. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
- Census of India. Office of the Registrar General. OCLC 181774275.
- Sharma, Navendu (31 October 2010). "No Barh on caste politics". The Times of India. Retrieved 25 July 2020.
- Stewart, Charles (1813). The History of Bengal: From the First Mohammedan Invasion Until the Virtual Conquest of that Country by the English, A.D. 1757. Black, Parry, and Company.
bar.
- http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/18028/7/07_chapter%201.pdf
- "A map of the north part of Hindostan or a geographical survey of the provinces of Bengal, Bahar, Awd, Ellahabad, Agra and Delhi · Online Exhibits". www.lib.umich.edu.
- "Report on the Administration of Bengal, 1877–78". 1878.
- Clemesha, W. W. "An Account of Plague in Bengal".
- O'Malley, L. S. S. (1924). Bihar and Orissa District Gazetteers Patna. ISBN 9788172681210.
- "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 May 2018. Retrieved 7 May 2018.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - "How to Reach | District Patna, Government of Bihar". Retrieved 27 July 2020.
- Chaudhary, Pranava K. (4 July 2013). "Barh thermal power plant to start power generation by year end". The Times of India. Retrieved 27 July 2020.