Arthoniomycetes

Arthoniomycetes
	Arthonia radiata magnified 9X, growing on Red Oak bark
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Ascomycota
Subdivision:	Pezizomycotina
(unranked):	Leotiomyceta
(unranked):	Dothideomyceta
Class:	Arthoniomycetes; O.E.Erikss. & Winka (1997)
Orders
	Arthoniales; Lichenostigmatales;

Arthoniomycetes are a class of ascomycete fungi. It includes two orders: Arthoniales and Lichenostigmatales.[1] Most of the taxa in these orders are tropical and subtropical lichens.

Systematics

Phylogenetic analysis supports the monophyly of this class.[2] Dothideomycetes is a sister group.[3]

Characteristics

Taxa have apothecia, cup- or saucer- shaped ascoma in which the hymenium is exposed at maturity. These apothecia are bitunicate - with clearly differentiated inner and outer walls.

References

Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq; Somayeh, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8.
Spatafora JW, Sung GH, Johnson D, et al. (2006). "A five-gene phylogeny of Pezizomycotina". Mycologia. 98 (6): 1018–28. doi:10.3852/mycologia.98.6.1018. PMID 17486977.
Lumbsch HT, Schmitt I, Lindemuth R, et al. (March 2005). "Performance of four ribosomal DNA regions to infer higher-level phylogenetic relationships of inoperculate euascomycetes (Leotiomyceta)". Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 34 (3): 512–24. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2004.11.007. PMID 15683926.

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[Wijayawardene_et_al._2020-1] Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq; Somayeh, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8.

[pmid17486977-2] Spatafora JW, Sung GH, Johnson D, et al. (2006). "A five-gene phylogeny of Pezizomycotina". Mycologia. 98 (6): 1018–28. doi:10.3852/mycologia.98.6.1018. PMID 17486977.

[pmid15683926-3] Lumbsch HT, Schmitt I, Lindemuth R, et al. (March 2005). "Performance of four ribosomal DNA regions to infer higher-level phylogenetic relationships of inoperculate euascomycetes (Leotiomyceta)". Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 34 (3): 512–24. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2004.11.007. PMID 15683926.