Yushui (solar term)
The traditional chinese calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms.[1]
| Yushui | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese name | |||||||||||||||
| Chinese | 雨水 | ||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | rain water | ||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||
| Vietnamese name | |||||||||||||||
| Vietnamese alphabet | vũ thủy | ||||||||||||||
| Chữ Hán | 雨水 | ||||||||||||||
| Korean name | |||||||||||||||
| Hangul | 우수 | ||||||||||||||
| Hanja | 雨水 | ||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||
| Japanese name | |||||||||||||||
| Kanji | 雨水 | ||||||||||||||
| Hiragana | うすい | ||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||
| Longitude | Term | Calendar |
|---|---|---|
| Spring | ||
| 315° | Lichun | 4 – 5 February |
| 330° | Yushui | 18–19 February |
| 345° | Jingzhe | 5 – 6 March |
| 0° | Chunfen | 20–21 March |
| 15° | Qingming | 4 – 5 April |
| 30° | Guyu | 20–21 April |
| Summer | ||
| 45° | Lixia | 5 – 6 May |
| 60° | Xiaoman | 21–22 May |
| 75° | Mangzhong | 5 – 6 June |
| 90° | Xiazhi | 21–22 June |
| 105° | Xiaoshu | 7 – 8 July |
| 120° | Dashu | 22–23 July |
| Autumn | ||
| 135° | Liqiu | 7 – 8 August |
| 150° | Chushu | 23–24 August |
| 165° | Bailu | 7 – 8 September |
| 180° | Qiufen | 23–24 September |
| 195° | Hanlu | 8 – 9 October |
| 210° | Shuangjiang | 23–24 October |
| Winter | ||
| 225° | Lidong | 7 – 8 November |
| 240° | Xiaoxue | 22–23 November |
| 255° | Daxue | 7 – 8 December |
| 270° | Dongzhi | 21–22 December |
| 285° | Xiaohan | 5 – 6 January |
| 300° | Dahan | 20–21 January |
Yǔshuǐ / 雨水, Usui, Usu, or Vũ thủy (in vietnamese lenguage), literally meaning rain water, is the 2nd one of them.
It begins when the Sun reaches the celestial longitude of 330° and ends when it reaches the longitude of 345°. It more often refers in particular to the day when the Sun is exactly at the celestial longitude of 330°.
In gregorian calendar it usually begins around 18 February (19 February of / in east Asia time) and ends around 5 March.
Pentads
Each solar term can be divided into three pentads (候), first (初候), second (次候) and last (末候) ones.
In Yushui each pentad includes :
- in China,
- first pentad / 獺祭魚 : 'otters make offerings of fish'. As fish begin to swim upstream, they are hunted by otters, which are believed to offer the fish to heaven ;
- second pentad / 鴻雁來 : 'the wild geese arrive'. Wild geese begin to make their northward migration, following the onset of spring ;
- last pentad / 草木萌動 : 'trees and grass put forth shoots' ;
- in Japan,
- first pentad / 土脉潤起 ;
- second pentad / 霞始靆 ;
- last pentad / 草木萠動.
Date and time
| Year | Begin | End |
|---|---|---|
| 辛巳 | 2001-02-18 14:27 | 2001-03-05 12:32 |
| 壬午 | 2002-02-18 20:13 | 2002-03-05 18:27 |
| 癸未 | 2003-02-19 02:00 | 2003-03-06 00:04 |
| 甲申 | 2004-02-19 07:50 | 2004-03-05 05:55 |
| 乙酉 | 2005-02-18 13:31 | 2005-03-05 11:45 |
| 丙戌 | 2006-02-18 19:25 | 2006-03-05 17:28 |
| 丁亥 | 2007-02-19 01:08 | 2007-03-05 23:18 |
| 戊子 | 2008-02-19 06:49 | 2008-03-05 04:58 |
| 己丑 | 2009-02-18 12:46 | 2009-03-05 10:47 |
| 庚寅 | 2010-02-18 18:35 | 2010-03-05 16:46 |
| 辛卯 | 2011-02-19 00:25 | 2011-03-05 22:29 |
| 壬辰 | 2012-02-19 06:17 | 2012-03-05 04:21 |
| 癸巳 | 2013-02-18 12:01 | 2013-03-05 10:14 |
| 甲午 | 2014-02-18 17:59 | 2014-03-05 16:02 |
| 乙未 | 2015-02-18 23:49 | 2015-03-05 21:55 |
| 丙申 | 2016-02-19 05:33 | 2016-03-05 03:43 |
| 丁酉 | 2017-02-18 11:31 | 2017-03-05 09:32 |
| 戊戌 | 2018-02-18 17:18 | 2018-03-05 15:28 |
| 己亥 | 2019-02-18 23:05 | 2019-03-05 21:12 |
| 庚子 | 2020-02-19 04:55 | 2020-03-05 02:56 |
| Source : JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System | ||
References
- Zhang, Peiyu; Hunag, Hongfeng (1994). "The Twenty-four Solar Terms of the Chinese Calendar and the Calculation for Them". Purple Mountain Observatory.
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