Schoenus (plant)

Schoenus is a predominately austral genus of sedges,[2] commonly known as bogrushes,[3] or veldrushes in South Africa. Species of this genus occur mainly in South Africa (some 44 species), Australia (some 70 species) and Southeast Asia. Others are found in scattered locations worldwide, from Europe (2 species) to Asia, North Africa (1 species) and the Americas.[4][5][6][7][8][9] Three species occur in the peatlands of southern South America, including S. antarcticus which is found in Tierra del Fuego, where it forms a component of hyperhumid Magellanic moorland.[10]

Schoenus
The brown bogrush in Germany. The species is endemic to Europe.
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Cyperaceae
Genus: Schoenus
L.
Synonyms[1]
  • Melanoschoenos Ség.
  • Chaetospora R.Br.
  • Streblidia Link
  • Helothrix Nees
  • Isoschoenus Nees
  • Cyclocampe Steud.
  • Gymnochaeta Steud.
  • Ptilanthelium Steud.
  • Lepidospora (F.Muell.) F.Muell.
  • Lophocarpus Boeckeler
  • Neolophocarpus E.G.Camus in H.Lecomte

Taxonomic attention to the South African taxa, starting 2017, revealed a wealth of species. 24 species were transferred from Tetraria and Epischoenus into Schoenus, and several new species were described. S. inconspicuus, discovered on the outskirts of Cape Town, consists of only a few specimens.[2]

Species
Illustration of S. antarcticus, native to Tierra del Fuego

As of January 2020 there are around 140 species accepted in Plants of the World Online.[11]

  • Schoenus absconditus Kük. ― Hidden bogrush
  • Schoenus achaetus (T.Koyama) T.Koyama
  • Schoenus acuminatus R.Br.
  • Schoenus adnatus (Levyns) T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Flat veldrush
  • Schoenus albovaginatus T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Whitesheath veldrush
  • Schoenus andinus (Phil.) H.Pfeiff.
  • Schoenus andrewsii W.Fitzg.
  • Schoenus antarcticus (Hook.f.) Dusén
  • Schoenus apogon Roem. & Schult. ― Smooth bogrush
  • Schoenus arenicola T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Sand veldrush
  • Schoenus armeria (Nees) Boeckeler
  • Schoenus asperocarpus F.Muell.
  • Schoenus aureus T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Gold veldrush
  • Schoenus auritus (Nees) T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Fleshy veldrush
  • Schoenus australis ― Southern veldrush
  • Schoenus autumnalis (Levyns) T.L.Elliott & Muasya
  • Schoenus badius Rye
  • Schoenus benthamii F.Muell.
  • Schoenus bifidus (Nees) Boeckeler
  • Schoenus biglumis Kük.
  • Schoenus bolusii (C.B.Clarke) T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Spotted veldrush
  • Schoenus bracteosus (C.B.Clarke) T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Bristleglume veldrush
  • Schoenus breviculmis Benth. ― Matted bogrush
  • Schoenus brevifolius R.Br. ― Zig-zag bogrush
  • Schoenus brevisetis (R.Br.) Roem. & Schult.
  • Schoenus brunnescens ― Brown veldrush
  • Schoenus caespititius W.Fitzg.
  • Schoenus calcatus K.L.Wilson
  • Schoenus calceolus T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Limestone veldrush
  • Schoenus calostachyus (R.Br.) Roem. & Schult.
  • Schoenus calyptratus Kük. ― Alpine bogrush
  • Schoenus capillifolius D.A.Cooke
  • Schoenus carsei Cheeseman
  • Schoenus centralis Latz
  • Schoenus clandestinus S.T.Blake
  • Schoenus compactus (Levyns) T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Congested veldrush
  • Schoenus compar L. ― Ivory veldrush
  • Schoenus comparoides L. ― Foothill veldrush
  • Schoenus complanatus (Levyns) T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Flat veldrush
  • Schoenus crassiculmis (Levyns) T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Succulent veldrush
  • Schoenus crassus (Levyns) T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Robust veldrush
  • Schoenus crinitus ― Downy veldrush
  • Schoenus cruentus (Nees) Benth.
  • Schoenus curvifolius (R.Br.) Roem. & Schult.
  • Schoenus curvulus F.Muell.
  • Schoenus cuspidatus Rottb. ― Sharp veldrush
  • Schoenus cygneus (Nees) Nees
  • Schoenus deformis (R.Br.) Roem. & Schult.
  • Schoenus delicatulus (Fernald) J.Kern
  • Schoenus discifer Tate
  • Schoenus dregeanus (Boeckeler) Kuntze ― Slim veldrush
  • Schoenus efoliatus F.Muell.
  • Schoenus elegans S.T.Blake
  • Schoenus ericetorum R.Br. ― Heath bogrush
  • Schoenus evansianus K.L.Wilson
  • Schoenus exilis (Levyns) T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Small veldrush
  • Schoenus falcatus R.Br. ― Sickle bog-rush
  • Schoenus ferrugineus L. ― Brown bog-rush, endemic to Europe
  • Schoenus filiculmis T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Wiry veldrush
  • Schoenus fluitans Hook.f. ― Floating veldrush
  • Schoenus galpinii (Schönland & Turrill) T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Mountain veldrush
  • Schoenus globifer Nees
  • Schoenus graciliculmis ― Delicate veldrush
  • Schoenus gracillimus T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Slender veldrush
  • Schoenus graminifolius (Levyns) T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Grassleaf veldrush
  • Schoenus grammatophyllus F.Muell.
  • Schoenus grandiflorus (Nees) F.Muell.
  • Schoenus griffinianus K.L.Wilson
  • Schoenus hexandrus F.Muell. & Tate
  • Schoenus humilis Benth.
  • Schoenus imberbis R.Br. ― Beardless bogrush
  • Schoenus inconspicuus ― Hidden veldrush
  • Schoenus indutus Benth.
  • Schoenus insolitus K.L.Wilson
  • Schoenus kennyi (F.M.Bailey) S.T.Blake ― Kenny's bog-rush
  • Schoenus laevigatus W.Fitzg.
  • Schoenus laevinux (Kük.) Ohwi
  • Schoenus lanatus Labill.
  • Schoenus latelaminatus Kük. ― Medusa bogrush
  • Schoenus latitans S.T.Blake
  • Schoenus lepidosperma (F.Muell.) K.L.Wilson
  • Schoenus ligulatus ― Strap veldrush
  • Schoenus limosus T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Muddy veldrush
  • Schoenus loliaceus Kük.
  • Schoenus longibracteatus Kük.
  • Schoenus loreus ― Flatleaf veldrush
  • Schoenus lucidus (C.B.Clarke) T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Bright veldrush
  • Schoenus lymansmithii M.T.Strong
  • Schoenus maschalinus Roem. & Schult. ― Dwarf bogrush
  • Schoenus megacarpus T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Bignut veldrush
  • Schoenus melanostachys R.Br. ― Black bogrush
  • Schoenus minutulus F.Muell.
  • Schoenus moorei Benth.
  • Schoenus multiglumis Benth.
  • Schoenus nanus (Nees) Benth. ― Tiny bogrush
  • Schoenus natans (F.Muell.) Benth.
  • Schoenus neocaledonicus C.B.Clarke
  • Schoenus neovillosus T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Hairy veldrush
  • Schoenus nigricans L. ― Black sedge, cosmopolitan range
  • Schoenus nitens (R.Br.) Roem. & Schult. ― Shiny bogrush
  • Schoenus nudifructus C.Chen
  • Schoenus obtusifolius (Nees) Boeckeler
  • Schoenus odontocarpus F.Muell.
  • Schoenus ornithopodioides (Kük.) S.T.Blake ― Bird's foot bogrush
  • Schoenus paludosus (R.Br.) Roem. & Schult.
  • Schoenus pauciflorus (Hook.f.) Hook.f. ― Sedge tussock
  • Schoenus pedicellatus (R.Br.) Roem. & Schult.
  • Schoenus pennisetis S.T.Blake
  • Schoenus pictus (Boeckeler) Kuntze ― Yellow veldrush
  • Schoenus pleiostemoneus F.Muell.
  • Schoenus plumosus Rye
  • Schoenus prophyllus T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Bract veldrush
  • Schoenus pseudoloreus (Kük.) T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Eared veldrush
  • Schoenus punctatus R.Br.
  • Schoenus purpurascens T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Purple veldrush
  • Schoenus pygmaeus S.T.Blake ― Pigmy bogrush
  • Schoenus quadrangularis Boeckeler ― Square veldrush
  • Schoenus quartziticus T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Quartz veldrush
  • Schoenus racemosus J.M.Black ― Branched bogrush
  • Schoenus rhynchosporoides (Steud.) Kük.
  • Schoenus rigens S.T.Blake
  • Schoenus rigidus ― Ridge veldrush
  • Schoenus riparius T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― River veldrush
  • Schoenus rivularis J.Raynal ex K.L.Wilson
  • Schoenus rodwayanus W.Fitzg.
  • Schoenus rupicola P.M.Musili & J.J.Bruhl
  • Schoenus scabripes Benth.
  • Schoenus schonlandii (Turrill) T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Eastern veldrush
  • Schoenus sculptus (Nees) Boeckeler ― Gimlet foot bogrush
  • Schoenus selinae ― Auricle veldrush
  • Schoenus sesquispicula C.B.Clarke
  • Schoenus setiformis S.T.Blake
  • Schoenus sinensis Hand.-Mazz.
  • Schoenus smitinandii T.Koyama
  • Schoenus sparteus R.Br. ― Broom bogrush
  • Schoenus subaphyllus Kük. ― Desert bogrush
  • Schoenus subbarbatus Kük.
  • Schoenus subbulbosus Benth.
  • Schoenus subfascicularis Kük.
  • Schoenus subflavus Kük.
  • Schoenus sublateralis (Steud.) C.B.Clarke
  • Schoenus sublaxus Kük.
  • Schoenus submarginalis T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Marginal veldrush
  • Schoenus submicrostachyus Kük.
  • Schoenus tendo (Hook.f.) Hook.f.
  • Schoenus tenellus Benth.
  • Schoenus tenuellus T.L.Elliott & Muasya
  • Schoenus tenuissimus Benth.
  • Schoenus tesquorum J.M.Black
  • Schoenus thedae M.D.Barrett & R.L.Barrett
  • Schoenus trachycarpus F.Muell.
  • Schoenus triticoides T.L.Elliott & Muasya ― Wheat veldrush
  • Schoenus turbinatus (R.Br.) Roem. & Schult.
  • Schoenus unispiculatus F.Muell. ex Benth.
  • Schoenus vaginatus Benth.
  • Schoenus variabilis (Levyns) T.L.Elliott & Muasya
  • Schoenus variicellae Rye
  • Schoenus villosus R.Br. ― Hairy bogrush
  • Schoenus yarrabensis Domin

References
  1. "Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". Retrieved 23 July 2014.
  2. Elliott, Tammy Lynn; Euston-Brown, Doug I. W.; Muasya, A. Muthama (28 April 2020). "Schoenus inconspicuus (Cyperaceae, tribe Schoeneae): a new species from Southern Africa". Phytotaxa. 440 (3): 239–244. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.440.3.6. S2CID 219006040. Retrieved 12 May 2021.
  3. USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Schoenus". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 7 November 2015.
  4. "Atlas of Living Australia". Retrieved 23 July 2014.
  5. New South Wales Flora On-line
  6. Govaerts, R. & Simpson, D.A. (2007). World Checklist of Cyperaceae. Sedges: 1-765. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  7. Flora of China, Vol. 23 Page 256, 赤箭莎属 chi jian suo shu, Schoenus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 42. 1753.
  8. "Schoenus of Western Australia". FloraBase. Retrieved 23 July 2014.
  9. "USDA Plants Profile: North American Species". Retrieved 23 July 2014.
  10. Rydin, Håkan; Jeglum, John K. (2013-07-18). The Biology of Peatlands (Biology of Habitats Series) (2 ed.). OUP Oxford. p. 238. ISBN 9780191508288.
  11. "Schoenus L." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 15 January 2020.
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