Renfe

As stated previously, the name "Renfe" is derived from that of the former Spanish National Railway Network, Renfe (acronym of Red Nacional de los Ferrocarriles Españoles—Renfe" is derived from that of the former Spanish National Railway Network, Renfe (acronym of Red Nacional de los Ferrocarriles Españoless) created on 24 January 1941 with the nationalisation of Spain's railways. As per EU Directive 91/440, Renfe was divided into Renfe-Operadora (operations) and ADIF (infrastructure) on 1 January 2005. At the same time, the existing RENFE double-arrowed logo (nicknamed the "galleta", Spanish for biscuit), first introduced in 1971 and given a facelift in 1983, with a sans-serif font, and again in 2000, with a mixed-case italic font, has been replaced by a dark purple lower-case wordmark designed by Interbrand, and also replaces some of the separate logos used by the other sectors, although the old Renfe logo remains in use in some stations in Spain and on maps to indicate an ADIF station.

The Railway Sector Act, 2003 separated the management, maintenance and construction of rail infrastructure from train operation. The first activity is now the responsibility of Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias (ADIF), the legal successor of RENFE, while the newly created Renfe-Operadora (commercial name "Renfe Operadora" or simply "Renfe") owns the rolling stock and remains responsible for the planning, marketing and operation of passenger and freight services (though no longer with a legal monopoly).[3]

Renfe Operadora inherited the management model of the business units of the old Renfe, which made Renfe Operadora responsible for the operation of the following passenger and freight services. In January 2006, Renfe Operadora restructured the main business units into four:

• Dirección General de Servicios Públicos de Cercanías y Media Distancia (General Public Utilities Directorate for Suburban and Medium Distance): responsible for commuter services (Cercanías), medium-distance high-speed rail AVE services and medium-range regional services (es:Regionales and es:Media Distancia). However, control of some Cercanías services were transferred to Spain's Autonomous communities.
• Dirección General de Servicios de Larga Distancia (General Directorate of Long Distance Services): responsible for long-distance intercity and high-speed rail services (except medium-distance AVE services and Media Distancia, which is managed by the above business unit).
• Dirección General de Servicios de Mercancías y Logística (General Directorate for Freight and Logistics Services): responsible for freight services.
• Dirección General de Fabricación y Mantenimiento (General Directorate of Manufacturing and Maintenance): responsible for rolling stock maintenance and manufacture (also known as Integria)

The Spanish state railways are currently engaged in a transformation and modernisation project. Key to this effort is a major overhaul of their out-dated ICT (information and communication technology) systems through an ICT renewal project scheduled for completion at the end of 2010 under the responsibility of Corporate Director of Information Systems Óscar Gómez Barbero. So far, the company has introduced improvements to their internet ticket sales and adopted new ICT management practices within a "more industrial" organisational model, though Mr. Gomez has publicly acknowledged the difficulties in transforming what still remains a very hierarchical organisation.

In June 2013, Renfe's board agreed to restructure the organisation into four separate companies, responsible for:

• Operating passenger trains;
• Freight;
• Rolling stock maintenance;
• Train leasing

These four would be underneath a single holding company.[4][5]

Renfe Operadora utilises the following rolling stock and commercial products inside of its two divisions:

Feve (Metre Gauge Services)

Rolling stock	Region(s)	Image
Feve Class 2400 DMU	Asturias Cantabria Galicia
Feve Class 2600 DMU	Asturias Cartagena León
Feve Class 2700 DMU	Asturias Cantabria Galicia León Vizcaya
Feve Class 2900 DMU	Galicia León Murcia
Feve Class 3300 EMU	Asturias
Feve Class 3500 EMU	Asturias
Feve Class 3600 EMU	Asturias Vizcaya
Feve Class 3800 EMU	Cantabria

Cercanías (Commuter Services)

Rolling stock	Metropolitan area(s)	Image
Renfe Class 442 EMU	Madrid
Renfe Class 446 EMU	Bilbao Madrid
Renfe Class 447 EMU	Barcelona Madrid Valencia Murcia/Alicante San Sebastián Santander
Renfe Class 450 EMU	Barcelona Madrid
Renfe Class 462/463/464/465 EMU	Asturias Barcelona Cádiz Madrid Málaga Sevilla Valencia Zaragoza
Renfe Class 592 DMU	Valencia Murcia/Alicante

Mainline Medium Distance Services

Rolling stock	Route(s)	Image
Renfe Class 440/470 EMU (to be phased out)	Córdoba – Rabanales León – Ponferrada – Vigo León – Gijón Valladolid – Santander Valladolid – Ávila Valladolid – León Valencia − Barcelona Valencia − Alicante
Renfe Class 448 EMU	Catalunya Aragón
Renfe Class 449 EMU	Madrid – Jaén León – Ponferrada – Orense – Vigo Sevilla – Cádiz Barcelona – Girona – Figueres – Portbou Huelva – Sevilla Jaén – Córdoba – Sevilla – Cadiz Madrid − Alcázar de San Juan − Albacete Madrid − Alcázar de San Juan − Ciudad Real Alicante – Albacete – Ciudad Real Madrid − León Madrid – Vitoria Vitoria – Irun Córdoba – Bobadilla Barcelona – Reus Barcelona – Tortosa
Renfe Class 592 DMU (to be phased out)	Madrid – Cuenca – Valencia Madrid – Talavera Murcia – Cartagena Valencia − Alcoi CELTA: Oporto - Vigo (Service CP)
Renfe Class 594 DMU	Valladolid – Zamora – Puebla de Sanabria A Coruña – Ferrol A Coruña – Lugo – Monforte de Lemos - Ourense Madrid – Soria Murcia – Cartagena
Renfe Class 596 DMU	Murcia – Cartagena Orense – Monforte de Lemos Zaragoza – Canfranc Vigo - Valença
Renfe Class 598 DMU	Cáceres – Valencia de Alcántara Sevilla – Cáceres - Madrid
Renfe Class 599 DMU	Madrid – Badajoz Huelva – Zafra A Coruña – Vigo Guixar Salamanca – Ávila – Madrid Zaragoza – Salamanca Salamanca – Palencia Valencia – Cartagena Zaragoza – Valencia Zaragoza – Cartagena Sevilla – Málaga Sevilla – Almería Granada – Algeciras Málaga – Ronda Granada – Linares Madrid − Águilas

High-Speed Medium Distance Services

Service	Rolling stock	Route(s)	Image
Avant	Renfe Class 104 EMU	Madrid – Toledo Madrid – Ciudad Real Málaga – Granada Sevilla – Córdoba Barcelona – Camp De Tarragona Zaragoza – Calatayud
	Renfe Class 114 EMU	Madrid – Puertollano Madrid – Valladolid Barcelona – Figueres Barcelona – Lleida Sevilla – Granada
	Renfe Class 121 EMU	Cádiz – Jaén A Coruña – Ourense A Coruña – Vigo Urzaiz Madrid – Ponferrada Ponferrada-Vigo Madrid – Gandia Madrid-Salamanca

Luxury Tourist Train Services

Service	Route(s)	Locomotive	Passenger Car	Image
Al Ándalus	Sevilla - Granada - Úbeda - Sevilla	Renfe Class 319.3 Locomotive	Al Ándalus
Costa Verde Express	Bilbao - Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela - Bilbao	Feve Class 1900 Locomotive	El Transcantábrico
El Transcantábrico Gran Lujo	San Sebastián–Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela–San Sebastián	Feve Class 1900 Locomotive	El Transcantábrico
La Robla Express	"La Robla Route:" Bilbao - León León - Bilbao "Pilgrim's Route:" Oviedo - Ortigueira - Santiago de Compostela - Oviedo	Feve Class 1650 Locomotive	La Robla

Mainline Long Distance Services

Service(s)	Route(s)	Locomotive	Passenger Car	Image
Altaria, Talgo	Madrid – Algeciras Madrid – Granada Madrid – Murcia – Cartagena Madrid – Almería Barcelona – Murcia – Cartagena/Lorca Torre del Oro: Barcelona – Valencia – Sevilla Madrid – Cáceres – Badajoz	Renfe Class 334 Locomotive	Talgo Pendular
Intercity (Arco)	A Coruña - Hendaye Vigo - Bilbao	Renfe Class 334 Locomotive	Arco Series 2000
Talgo, Intercity (Talgo)	Madrid – Almería Barcelona – Murcia – Cartagena/Lorca Madrid – Valencia Torre del Oro: Barcelona – Valencia – Sevilla Madrid – Cáceres – Badajoz	Renfe Class 252 Locomotive	Talgo Pendular
Intercity (Arco)	A Coruña - Hendaye Vigo - Bilbao	Renfe Class 252 Locomotive	Arco Series 2000

High-Speed Long Distance Services

Service	Rolling stock	Route(s)	Image
AVE	Renfe Class 100 EMU	Madrid – Sevilla Madrid – Alicante Madrid – Marseille Barcelona – Toulouse Barcelona – Lyon
	Renfe Class 102 EMU	Madrid – Huesca Madrid – Zaragoza Madrid – Valladolid Madrid – Málaga Valencia – Sevilla
	Renfe Class 103 EMU	Madrid – Barcelona Madrid – Málaga
	Renfe Class 112 EMU	Madrid – Cuenca – Valencia Madrid – Cuenca – Albacete Madrid – León Barcelona – Málaga Barcelona – Zaragoza Barcelona – Sevilla
Alvia (mixed high-speed & conventional service)	Renfe Class 120 EMU	Madrid – Pamplona Madrid – Logroño Madrid – Irún/Hendaya Madrid – Bilbao Barcelona – Irún Barcelona – Bilbao Barcelona – Pamplona Barcelona – Valladolid
	Renfe Class 130 EMU	Madrid – Gijón Madrid – Santander Alicante – Gijón Alicante – Santander Madrid – Cádiz Madrid – Huelva Madrid – Valencia – Castellón Madrid – Valencia – Gandía Barcelona – A Coruña Barcelona – Vigo Barcelona – Gijón
	Renfe Class 730 HMU	Alicante – Madrid – Pontevedra Alicante – Madrid – A Coruña Madrid – Ferrol Madrid – Pontevedra Madrid – Ponferrada Madrid-Murcia
Euromed	Renfe Class 130 EMU	Barcelona – Valencia – Alicante

Prototype Rolling Stock

Service	Rolling stock	Image
AVE	Renfe Class 105 EMU
AVE	Talgo AVRIL EMU

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All classes are designated by three numbers. The first digit has a special meaning:

• 1xx: High speed multiple unit
• 2xx: Electric locomotive
• 3xx: Diesel locomotive
• 4xx: Electric multiple unit (EMU)
• 5xx: Diesel multiple unit (DMU)
• 6xx: Hybrid locomotive
• 7xx: Hybrid multiple unit (HMU)
• 8xx: Trams which can run on railways

• Renfe Feve
• History of rail transport in Spain
• Rail transport in Spain
• Transport in Spain

1.^ Operated by CP in Portugal.

2.^ Managed by Elipsos under the brand Renfe-SNCF en Cooperación/en Coopération.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Renfe Operadora.

• Train tickets from France and Spain
• Renfe's official website
• Documents and clippings about Renfe in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW