Oread

In Greek mythology, an Oread (/ˈɔːriˌæd, ˈɔːriəd/; Ancient Greek: Ὀρειάς, romanized: Oreiás, stem Ὀρειάδ-, Oreiád-, Latin: Oreas/Oread-, from ὄρος, 'mountain') or Orestiad (/ɔːˈrɛstiˌæd, -iəd/; Ὀρεστιάδες, Orestiádes) is a mountain nymph. They differ from each other according to their dwelling: the Idaeae were from Mount Ida, Peliades from Mount Pelion, etc. They were associated with Artemis, since the goddess, when she went out hunting, preferred mountains and rocky precipices.

For other uses, see Oread (disambiguation).
Les Oréades (1902) by William-Adolphe Bouguereau, in Musée d'Orsay
Greek deities
series
Nymphs

The term itself appears to be Hellenistic, first attested in Bion of Smyrna's Ἐπιτάφιος Ἀδώνιδος and thus post-Classical.[1]

List of Oreads

The number of Oreads includes but is not limited to:

List of Oreads
Name Location Relations and Notes
Britomartis Mount Dicte, Crete
Chelone changed by Hermes into a tortoise
Claea Mount Calathion, Messenia [2]
Cyllene Mount Cyllene, Arcadia [3]
Daphnis Mount Parnassos [4]
Echo Mount Cithaeron, Boeotia loved Narcissus[5]
Eidothea Mount Othrys, Malis was loved by Poseidon
The Idaeae Mount Ida, Crete [6]
• Adrasteia
• Cynosura
• Helike
• Ida
Nomia Mount Nomia, Arcadia a friend of Callisto[7]
Oenone
Othreis Mount Othrys, Malis [8]
Penelope
Phigalia
Pitys loved by Pan[9]
Sinoe Mount Sinoe, Arcadia nurse of Pan[10]
Sose loved by Hermes
The Sphragitides or Cithaeronides Mount Cithaeron, Boeotia [11]

Honours

Notes
  1. Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon s.v. text at Perseus project
  2. Pausanias, Description of Greece 3.26.11.
  3. Bibliotheca 3.8.1
  4. Pausanias, Description of Greece 10.5.5.
  5. Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae 970
  6. Bibliotheca 1.4.5; Hyginus, De Astronomica, 2.2.
  7. Pausanias, Description of Greece 8.38.0
  8. Antoninus Liberalis, Metamorphoses 13.
  9. Propertius, Elegies 1. 18
  10. Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio 8.30.2.
  11. Plutarch, Life of Aristides 11. 3; Pausanias, Description of Greece 9.3.9.

References
  • Antoninus Liberalis, The Metamorphoses of Antoninus Liberalis translated by Francis Celoria (Routledge 1992). Online version at the Topos Text Project.
  • Apollodorus, Apollodorus, The Library, with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. ISBN 0-674-99135-4. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
  • Plutarch. Lives, Volume II: Themistocles and Camillus. Aristides and Cato Major. Cimon and Lucullus. Translated by Bernadotte Perrin. Loeb Classical Library No. 47. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1914. ISBN 978-0-674-99053-1. Online version at Harvard University Press. Aristides at the Perseus Digital Library.
  • Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae in The Complete Greek Drama, vol. 2. Eugene O'Neill, Jr. New York. Random House. 1938. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
  • Hyginus, Gaius Julius, De Astronomica, in The Myths of Hyginus, edited and translated by Mary A. Grant, Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1960. Online version at ToposText.
  • Liddell, Henry George, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, revised and augmented throughout by Sir Henry Stuart Jones with the assistance of Roderick McKenzie, Clarendon Press Oxford, 1940. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
  • Pausanias, Pausanias Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
  • Propertius, Elegies Edited and translated by G. P. Goold. Loeb Classical Library 18. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1990. Online version at Harvard University Press.
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