Algoma District

Algoma District is a district and census division in Northeastern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario.

For the historic district in Wisconsin, see Algoma Boulevard Historic District.
Algoma District
District d'Algoma
District
Location of Algoma District in Ontario
Coordinates: 48°00′N 84°30′W
Country Canada
Province Ontario
RegionNortheastern Ontario
Created1858
Area
[1]
 • Land48,814.88 km2 (18,847.53 sq mi)
Population
 (2016)[1]
 • Total114,094
 • Density2.3/km2 (6/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC-5 (EST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-4 (EDT)
Area code(s)705
SeatSault Ste. Marie

The name was created by an American ethnologist, Henry Rowe Schoolcraft (1793-1864), who was appointed Indian agent to the Ojibway in Sault Ste. Marie region in 1822. "Al" is derived from Algonquin, while "goma" is a variant of gomee, meaning lake or water.[2]

History

Algoma was created by proclamation in 1858[3] as a provisional judicial district of the Province of Canada comprising territory north of the French River as far west as Pigeon River (Minnesota-Ontario), including all Canadian islands in Lakes Huron and Superior. The authorizing act of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada was An Act to provide for the Administration of Justice in the unorganized Tracts of Country within the limits of this Province (known by its short title as The Temporary Judicial Districts Act, 1857).

The district seat has been Sault Ste. Marie since 1858.

As the population grew and the northern and northwestern boundaries of Ontario were determined by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, Algoma shrank. Other districts were created from it by the provincial government of Ontario:

The rugged scenery of this region has inspired works by Canadian artists, particularly the Group of Seven. They rented a boxcar from the Algoma Central Railway to travel on excursions through this region.

Subdivisions

Communities within these subdivisions are added in parentheses.

Cities
Name of City Population Ref.
Elliot Lake 10,743
Sault Ste. Marie 73,368

Towns
Name of Town Population Ref.
Blind River 3,472
Bruce Mines 566
Spanish 696
Thessalon 1,279

Townships
Name of Township Population Ref.
Dubreuilville 635
Hilton 261
Hornepayne 1,050
Huron Shores (Iron Bridge, Sowerby, Little Rapids, Dean Lake) 1,723
Jocelyn (Kentvale) 237
Johnson (Desbarats) 750
Laird 1,057
Macdonald, Meredith and Aberdeen Additional (Echo Bay, Bar River, Sylvan Valley) 1,609
The North Shore (Spragge, Serpent River, Algoma Mills) 509
Plummer Additional 650
Prince 1,031
St. Joseph (Richard's Landing) 1,240
Tarbutt 396
Wawa (Michipicoten, Michipicoten River) 2,975
White River 607

Villages
Name of Village Population Ref.
Hilton Beach 145

Reserves
Name of Reserve Population Ref.
Garden River 14 1,170
Goulais Bay 15A 82
Gros Cap 49 68
Gros Cap Indian Village 49A N/A
Missanabie 62 N/A
Mississauga First Nation#8 390
Obadjiwan 15E N/A
Rankin Location 15D 566
Sagamok 1,036
Serpent River 7 373
Thessalon 12 108
Whitefish Island N/A

Unorganized areas

Demographics

As a census division in the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, the Algoma District had a population of 113,777 living in 51,709 of its 59,854 total private dwellings, a change of -0.3% from its 2016 population of 114,094. With a land area of 48,281.36 km2 (18,641.54 sq mi), it had a population density of 2.4/km2 (6.1/sq mi) in 2021.[4]

Canada census – Algoma District community profile
202120162011
Population113,777 (-0.3% from 2016)114094 (-1.5% from 2011)115870 (-1.4% from 2006)
Land area48,281.36 km2 (18,641.54 sq mi)48,814.88 km2 (18,847.53 sq mi)48,810.68 km2 (18,845.91 sq mi)
Population density2.4/km2 (6.2/sq mi)2.3/km2 (6.0/sq mi)2.4/km2 (6.2/sq mi)
Median age50 (M: 48.4, F: 51.2)
Total private dwellings51,71060,32459,149
Median household income
Notes: Excludes census data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves.
References: 2021[5] 2016[6] 2011[7] earlier[8][9]

Highways

King's Highways

Secondary highways

Tertiary highways
  • #821

Protected areas

Forests

In the Algoma section, the characteristic forest mixture consists of yellow birch, white spruce, balsam fir, sugar maple, hop-hornbeam, and eastern white cedar. Eastern white pine and occasional red pine (Pinus resinosa) dominate on the upper, steep south-facing slopes; white spruce, eastern white cedar, and balsam fir occupy the middle and lower slopes. A white spruce–balsam fir association, which usually includes white birch and black spruce, is prominent on the river terraces and adjoining flats in the northern part of the Section (Rowe 1972).[10]

Attractions

See also

References
  1. "Algoma District census profile". 2016 Census of Population. Statistics Canada. Retrieved 2017-02-08.
  2. Hamilton, William (1978). Canadian Place Names. Macmillan. p. 132. ISBN 0-7715-9754-1.
  3. Proclamation to take effect 1 May 1858, Canada Gazette (April 17, 1858), p. 676-677. New Proclamation to take effect 1 Oct 1859, Canada Gazette (Sept 10, 1859), p. 2226.
  4. "Population and dwelling counts: Canada and census divisions". Statistics Canada. February 9, 2022. Retrieved April 2, 2022.
  5. "2021 Community Profiles". 2021 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. February 4, 2022. Retrieved 2022-04-27.
  6. "2016 Community Profiles". 2016 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. August 12, 2021. Retrieved 2017-04-17.
  7. "2011 Community Profiles". 2011 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. March 21, 2019. Retrieved 2012-03-19.
  8. "2006 Community Profiles". 2006 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. August 20, 2019.
  9. "2001 Community Profiles". 2001 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. July 18, 2021.
  10. Rowe, J.S 1972. Forest regions of Canada. Can. Dep. Environ., Can. For. Serv., Ottawa ON, Publ. 1300. 172 p.

Further reading
  • Douglas, Daniel G. V. (July 1996). Northern Algoma: A People's History. Dundurn Press. ISBN 978-1-55002-235-3.
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