Kilusang Bagong Lipunan

The New Society Movement (Filipino: Kilusang Bagong Lipunan, KBL), formerly named the New Society Movement of United Nationalists, Liberals, et cetera (Filipino: Kilusang Bagong Lipunan ng Nagkakaisang Nacionalista, Liberal, at iba pa, KBLNNL), is a right-wing[7][9] to far-right[8] political party in the Philippines. It was first formed in 1978 as an umbrella coalition of parties supporting then-President Ferdinand E. Marcos for the Interim Batasang Pambansa (the unicameral parliament) and was his political vehicle during his 21-year regime.[10] It was reorganized as a political party in 1986,[8] and is the furthest to the right of the political spectrum among active parties after Marcos' ouster.[8]

New Society Movement
Kilusang Bagong Lipunan
PresidentEfren Rafanan, Sr.
ChairmanImelda Marcos (emerita)
Secretary-GeneralJosephine Gandol
FounderFerdinand Marcos
FoundedFebruary 1978 (1978-02)
Split fromNacionalista Party
Liberal Party
Headquarters1611 Orcel II Bldg., Quezon Avenue, Quezon City
IdeologyFilipino nationalism
Conservatism (1978–86)[1][2][3][4]
Anti-communism[5][4]
Right-wing populism (1978–86)
Factions: (1978–86)
Centrism
Libertarianism[6]
Political positionRight-wing[7] to far-right[8]
National affiliationUniTeam
Colors  Blue,   white,   red, and   yellow
Seats in the Senate
0 / 24
Seats in the House of Representatives
0 / 300
Website
www.kbl.org.ph

Since 1986, the KBL has contested in most of the national and local elections in the Philippines, but retained a single seat in the House of Representatives in Ilocos Norte, which was held by former First Lady Imelda Marcos until 2019.

Establishment and ideology
Main article: Martial law under Ferdinand Marcos

The ideological roots of the "Bagong Lipunan" ("new society") concept can be traced to one Marcos' rationalizations for the declaration of Martial Law in September we 1972.[11]: "66"  In his rhetoric, Marcos contended that a system of "constitutional authoritarianism" was necessary in order to "reform society" and create a "new society" under his authority.[11]: "29" [12][13]

Six years after the declaration of Martial Law, Marcos adopted this rhetoric and used the phrase as the name of the umbrella coalition of administration parties running in the 1978 Philippine parliamentary election.[10] The coalition retained the name when it was reorganized as a political party in 1986.

Splinter factions after the People Power Revolution
Main article: People Power Revolution

After the 1986 People Power Revolution ended Ferdinand Marcos' 21 years in power, he, his family and key followers fled to Hawaii. Marcos' party machinery quickly began to break into numerous factions, the most successful of which were Blas Ople's Partido Nacionalista ng Pilipinas, a reorganized Nacionalista Party led by Rafael Palmares and Renato Cayetano after the death of Senator Jose Roy, and a reorganized Kilusang Bagong Lipunan led by Nicanor Yñiguez.[14][15]

By the time of the 1987 Philippine constitutional plebiscite, the reconstituted KBL under Yñiguez as the party furthest to the right among the rightwing political parties of the mid-1980s[8] - remaining loyal to Marcos' authoritarian ideology in contrast to the Partido Nacionalista ng Pilipinas, which took a conservative centrist stance, and the Palmares wing of the Nacionalista party and the Kalaw wing of the Liberal Party took center-right stances on the center-right.[14]

2009 Party division
Former logo of KBL

On November 20, 2009, the KBL forged an alliance with the Nacionalista Party (NP) between Bongbong Marcos and NP Chairman Senator Manny Villar at the Laurel House in Mandaluyong.[16] Bongbong was later on removed as a member by the KBL National Executive Committee on November 29.[17] As such, the NP broke its alliance with the KBL due to internal conflicts within the party, though Marcos remained part of the NP Senatorial line-up.[16]

Candidates for the Philippine general election, 2010
  • Vetellano Acosta – Presidential Candidate (lost)
  • Jay Sonza – Vice Presidential Candidate (lost)
  • Senatorial slate:
    1. Alma Lood (lost)
    2. Hector Villanueva (lost)
    3. Shariff Ibrahim Albani (lost)

Notable members

Past

Current
  • Raymond Bagatsing – 2022 Manila vice mayoral candidate, actor
  • Roberto "Amay Bisaya" Reyes Jambongana – 2019 Bohol gubernatorial candidate, comedian
  • Larry Gadon – Senatorial candidate in the Philippine general election in 2016 and in 2019, lawyer; pushed for the impeachment of former Chief Justice Maria Lourdes Sereno[20][21]

Electoral performance

President
Election Candidate Number of votes Share of votes Outcome of election
1981 Ferdinand Marcos 18,309,360 88.02% Won
1986 Ferdinand Marcos 10,807,197 53.62% Disputed; fled the country after the People Power Revolution
1992 Imelda Marcos 2,338,294 10.32% Lost
1998 Imelda Marcos Withdrew
2004 Supported Fernando Poe Jr. who lost
2010 Vetellano Acosta Disqualified
2016 Supported Miriam Defensor Santiago who lost
2022 Endorsed Bongbong Marcos; Election will be on May 9, 2022

Vice president
Election Candidate Number of votes Share of votes Outcome of election
1986 Arturo Tolentino 10,134,130 50.66% Disputed; did not assume office after the People Power Revolution
1992 Vicente Magsaysay 699,895 3.43% Lost
1998 Did not participate
2004 Supported Loren Legarda who lost
2010 Jay Sonza 64,230 0.18% Lost
2016 Supported Bongbong Marcos who lost
2022 Supports Sara Duterte who is running in the upcoming elections

Senate
Election Number of votes Share of votes Seats won Seats after Outcome of election
1987 16,356,441 4.36%
0 / 24
0 / 24
 Lost
1992 12,691,686 4.59%
0 / 24
0 / 24
 Lost
1995 8,168,768 4.47%
0 / 12
0 / 24
 Lost
1998 Did not participate
2001 873,306 0.36%
0 / 13
0 / 24
 Lost
2004 540,498 0.21%
0 / 12
0 / 24
 Lost
2007 2,436,294 0.91%
0 / 12
0 / 24
 Lost
2010 2,769,847 0.93%
0 / 12
0 / 24
 Lost
2013 Did not participate
2016 1,971,327 0.61%
0 / 12
0 / 24
 Lost
2019 3,487,780 0.96%
0 / 12
0 / 24
 Lost

House of Representatives
Election Number of votes Share of votes Seats Outcome of election
Batasang Pambansa
1978 147,885,493 71.13%
137 / 190
 Won
1984
110 / 200
 Won
House of Representatives
1987 823,676 4.10%
11 / 214
 Led the minority bloc
1992 438,577 2.35%
3 / 216
 Led the minority bloc
1995 Won one seat under joint KBL/NPC label; joined the minority bloc
1998 35,522 0.15%
0 / 257
 Lost
2001 Did not participate
2004
1 / 261
 Joined the majority bloc
2007
1 / 271
 Joined the majority bloc
2010 158,416 0.46%
1 / 286
 Joined the majority bloc
2013 94,484 0.34%
1 / 293
 Joined the majority bloc
2016 198,754 0.53%
0 / 297
 Lost
2019 33,594 0.08%
0 / 304
 Lost

*One member elected under joint KBL-Nationalist People's Coalition ticket.

References
  1. Celoza, A. (1997). Ferdinand Marcos and the Philippines: The Political Economy of Authoritarianism. Connecticut, USA: Praeger Publishers.
  2. Timberman, D. (1991) A Changeless Land: Continuity and Change in Philippine Politics: Continuity and Change in Philippine Politics. USA: Taylor and Francis.
  3. Bello, Madge; Reyes, Vincent (1986). "Filipino Americans and the Marcos Overthrow: The Transformation of Political Consciousness". Amerasia Journal. 13: 73–83. doi:10.17953/amer.13.1.21h54l86268n023n.
  4. Pinches, M. (1986). "Elite democracy, development and people power: contending ideologies and changing practices in Philippine politics"
  5. Celoza, A. (1997). Ferdinand Marcos and the Philippines: The Political Economy of Authoritarianism. Connecticut, USA: Praeger Publishers.
  6. Landé, Carl (1996). Post-Marcos Politics: A Geographical and Statistical Analysis of the 1992 Presidential Election. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 37.
  7. Derbyshire, J. Denis (1991). Political Systems Of The World. Allied Publishers. p. 120.
  8. Villegas, Bernardo M. (1958-02-01). "The Philippines in 1986: Democratic Reconstruction in the Post-Marcos Era". Asian Survey. 27 (2): 194–205. doi:10.2307/2644614. ISSN 0004-4687. Finally, at the extreme right is the reorganized Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (KBL) under Nicanor Yniguez, which remains loyal to Marcos.
  9. Griffin, Roger (1990). The Nature of Fascism. St. Martin's Press. p. 37.
  10. "Philippines - Local government". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2018-07-24.
  11. Brillantes, Alex B., Jr. (1987). Dictatorship & martial law : Philippine authoritarianism in 1972. Quezon City, Philippines: University of the Philippines Diliman School of Public Administration. ISBN 978-9718567012.
  12. Navera, G.S. (2019). "Metaphorizing Martial Law: Constitutional Authoritarianism in Marcos's Rhetoric (1972–1985)". Philippine Studies. 66 (4).
  13. Beltran, J. C. A.; Chingkaw, Sean S. (October 20, 2016). "On the shadows of tyranny". The Guidon. Retrieved June 20, 2020.
  14. Villegas, Bernardo M. (1958-02-01). "The Philippines in 1986: Democratic Reconstruction in the Post-Marcos Era". Asian Survey. 27 (2): 194–205. doi:10.2307/2644614. ISSN 0004-4687.
  15. Kimura, Masataka (December 1989). "The Revolution and Realigntnent of Political Parties in the Philippines (December 1985-January 1988): With a Case in the Province of Batangas" (PDF). Southeast Asian Studies. 27 (3): 352–379.
  16. "Feed a hungry child this Christmas". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on February 8, 2013. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
  17. "Filing of COCs at Comelec on Day 4". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on September 9, 2013. Retrieved April 19, 2018.
  18. Legaspi, Amita (March 4, 2010). "Bongbong on KBL's Acosta: 'I don't even know what he looks like'". GMA News Online.
  19. Ribaya, Rio Rose (October 31, 2012). "Victor Wood loses chance at Senate". Yahoo News.
  20. Editorial (May 31, 2018). "Revising history — yet again". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved July 24, 2018.
  21. "Impeachment lawyer blasts 'yellow virus', denies he wants gov't post". ABS-CBN News. October 24, 2017. Retrieved July 24, 2018.
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