List of Yazidi saints

This is a list of saints in Yazidism.[1]

Part of a series on
Yazidi religion and Yazidi nationalism
Main topics
Divine figures
Saints
Holy places
Festivals
Literature

There are dozens of saints that are revered by Yazidis, who venerate them as angels in heaven. The names of many Yazidi tribes and lineages are named after Yazidi saints. Many saints also have temples and shrines built in honor of them.[2][3]

Sheikh Adi's lineage
Adani Sheikh lineage
Qatani Sheikh lineage
  • brothers of Sheikh Adi
    • Sheikh Obekr, patriarch of the Qatani Sheikhs
    • Abdul Qadir (ʿEbdil Qadir, ʿEbd el-Qadir el-Rehmanî) (one of the Qatani Sheikhs)
    • Sheikh Ismail Enzel (one of the Qatani Sheikhs)

Sheikh Musa Sor and Ibrahîm Khetni also belong to the Qatani Sheikh lineage.

Shemsani lineage
  • Ezdina Mir
  • Shemsani Sheikhs (four major saints who are the sons of Ezdina Mir)
    • Sheikh Shems (Shems ad-Dīn)
      • Amadîn (‘Emad ad-Dīn), son of Sheikh Shems; patron of stomachaches
      • Şêx Bavikê Şemsa (Sheikh Babik), son of Sheikh Shems
      • Şêx Alê Şemsa, son of Sheikh Shems
      • Şêx Avîndê Şemsa, son of Sheikh Shems
      • Şêx Babadînê Şemsa, son of Sheikh Shems
      • Şêx Evdalê Şemsa, son of Sheikh Shems
      • Şêx Hesenê Şemsa, son of Sheikh Shems, Xatûna Fexra's husband
      • Şêxê Reş (Cinteyar)
      • Şêx Tokilê Şemsa, son of Sheikh Shems
      • Şêx Xidirê Şemsa, son of Sheikh Shems
      • Sitiya Îs/Ês, daughter of Sheikh Shems
      • Sitiya Nisret, daughter of Sheikh Shems
      • Sitiya Bilxan (Belqan), daughter of Sheikh Shems
    • Fakhraddin
      • Şêx Mend, eldest son of Fakhraddin; Lord of Snakes and Serpents
      • Xatûna Fexra, female saint, daughter of Fakhraddin, wife of Şêx Hesenê Şemsa; Guardian of Birth and Pregnancy
      • Şêx Bedir, son of Fakhraddin
      • Aqûb, adopted son of Fakhraddin
    • Nasirdin
    • Sejadin

Minor patron saints

Below are minor saints, many of whom are considered to be patrons of specific objects and functions.[1]

  • Pir Jerwan, patron saint of scorpions
  • Gavanê Zerzan (protector of cattle)
  • Ebû Rîsh, has a shrine at Bahzani
  • Mem Şivan ("the Shepherd"), protector of sheep, he is represented in the bas-reliefs here with his crook and sheep.[4]
  • Sheikh 'Ebrûs (patron of thunder and lightning)
  • Pîrê Libnan (patron of bricks), said to have built many shrines at Lalish during the time of Sheikh Adi
  • Derwesh el-'Erd (Dervish of the Earth; invoked during sowing and at burials)
  • Baba Gûshgûsh (patron of ear diseases)
  • Pire Terjiman, Sheikh Adi's Arabic to Kurdish translator (since Sheikh Adi was born in Lebanon)
  • Sheikh Mushelleh (patron of roads). Has shrines at Lalish and Ain Sifni.
  • Sitt Nefîse ("Lady Precious"; patron of fever and insomnia). Personification of a sacred fig or olive tree near Bashiqa.
  • Sheikh Bako. Has a shrine at Bahzani. The shrine is accompanied by a spring with a fig tree, which is visited by pilgrims with fevers. Pilgrims fasten small bits of their clothes on the tree and feed the fish in the spring.
  • Feqire 'Eli
  • Sheikh Kiras ("Lord Shirt"), Lord of revelations about spirits. Yazidis also speak of death and reincarnation as "changing one's shirt."
  • Kanî Zerr, Kaniya Zerka (patron of jaundice), personification of a spring. His name literally means "yellow spring."
  • Pir Dawud, a loyal servant of Sheikh Adi
  • Melekê Mîran (Mêran) (patron of rheumatism)
  • 'Ebd Resh ('Ebdî Resho), a companion of Musa Sor. Has shrines in the villages of Kerabeg and Kendale.
  • Shehsiwar ("Lord of Horsemen"; patron of war and horsemanship). Has a shrine in Beyban village.
  • Pir Sinî Daranî/Bahrî (Lord of the sea and son of a sea maiden)[5]

Patriarchs of Pîr lineages

Figures considered to be the patriarchs of various Pîr lineages, which are named after them:[1]

  • Pîr Hesen Meman. Subdivisions are the Hesen Elka and Khetîbesî lineages.
    • Hesen Elka
    • Khetîbesî
  • Pîr Afat. Subdivisions:
    • Mehmed Reshan (Mem Reshan), "the lion" and Lord of the Rains.
    • Buwal
    • Pîr Derbês
  • Pîr Jerwan, the Pîr of scorpions. Subdivisions:
    • Pîr Êsîbiya ("Pir Eusebius"), Sheikh Adi's treasurer.
    • Hajjî Muhemmed
    • Pîr Omer Khalid, ‘Omer Khale, patriarch of the Mirebbî.
    • Sheikh Qeḍîb el-Ban, a companion of Sheikh Adi
  • Pîr Khanî. Traditionally had close ties with the Khalitiyye tribe in the Diyarbakir area of southern Turkey, with clan members now living in Ain Sifni in northern Iraq.
  • Pîr Hajjo ‘Elî, Hajial, Hajalî, one of the disciples of Sheikh Adi. Subdivisions:
  • Mem Shivan

Christian and Islamic figures

In Yazidism, figures of Islamic or Christian origin include:[1]

The following are figures in Yazidism whom Yazidis consider to be of Christian origin, although they are generally unknown in Christianity.[1]

  • Mar Yuhenna = Mar Yuhanna. He was the head of the Christian monastery at Lalish who became a follower of Sheikh Adi. The Christian monastery then became a Yazidi sanctuary. He is also the patriarch of the black-wearing Feqîrs
  • Henna and Mar Henna. Their tombs are in the sanctuary of Sheikh Adi in Lalish. Patron saints of mouth diseases.
  • Indirîsê Heyyat ("Andrew the Tailor")
  • Mar Gûrgîs, said to have been a Christian monk
  • Yoseph Qurînaya ("Joseph the Cyrenaean"), said to have been a Christian
  • Sheikh Mettei ("Sheikh Matthew")

Others

Other figures revered in Yazidism:[1]

  • Sheikh Muhemmed. He had a wife named Sitt Hebîbe. Fought against "the great Sheikh" at Bashiqa. Buried near the monastery of Mar Gûrgîs in the Mosul area. His servant was buried at Bashiqa.
  • Sitt Hebîbe, Marta Hebîbta ("the Beloved Lady"), the wife of Sheikh Muhemmed. Has shrines near Bahzani and in Bashiqa.
  • Pîr Sheref, a descendant of Dawûd (David)
  • Alû Bekr, patron saint of mouth diseases. Has a shrine at Lalish.
  • Se‘d and Mes‘ûd (or Se‘îd and Mes‘ûd, Mes‘ûd and Musey‘id). Mes'ûd’s shrine is near Bahzani, while the shrines of Mes‘ûd and Musey‘id are in Bashiqa.
  • Pîr Hesen Jelal, Jellê, a son of Sheikh Shems who married Khatuna Fekhra. He was a musician who played the def and shibab for Sheikh Adi.
  • Sheikh Shelal. Possibly identified with Rumi.
  • Lakmadîn Baba, Sheikh Adi's secretary and guardian of his secrets
  • Sheikh "Son of the Road", of Christian origin, reportedly with a shrine at Lalish.
  • Pîr Bûb, a close friend of Sheikh Adi
  • Bûbê Qelender. Likely identified with Pîr Bub.
  • Mem Kadrî. His name might have been derived from 'Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani, although in Yazidism he is a separate figure.
  • Mehmedê Reben. Has a shrine at Lalish.
  • Bû Qetar Baba, representative of Sheikh Adi in the Mardin area
  • Dayka Jakan. Has a shrine near Bahzani.
  • Hekkî Fîres, a descendant of Luqman. Patron saint of wounds, since his descendants cure wounds with herbs and medicines.
  • el-Khasiyye, Khasse, a female saint whose name sounds like the Arabic word for lettuce (khass).
  • Sheikh Hentûsh, one of Sheikh Adi's first disciples
  • Ebû ’l-Qasim, one of Sheikh Adi's early disciples. He was a son of Sheikh Hentûsh.
  • Sheikh ‘Eqîl Munejjî, one of Sheikh Adi's first disciples. Associated wirth Me'rûf el-Kerkhî. His name might have been derived from ‘Uqayl al-Mambijî.
  • Ibrahîm Khetni, one of the Adani Sheikhs
  • Sheikhalê Shems, Sheikh Khal Shemsan
  • Zeyn el-Dîn, Zîndîn, Zendîn

See also

References
  1. Kreyenbroek, Philip (1995). Yezidism: its background, observances, and textual tradition. Lewiston NY: E. Mellen Press. ISBN 0-7734-9004-3. OCLC 31377794.
  2. Omarkhali, Khanna (2017). The Yezidi religious textual tradition, from oral to written: categories, transmission, scripturalisation, and canonisation of the Yezidi oral religious texts. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-10856-0. OCLC 994778968.
  3. Kreyenbroek, Philip (2005). God and Sheikh Adi are perfect: sacred poems and religious narratives from the Yezidi tradition. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-05300-6. OCLC 63127403.
  4. "The Yazidi Mausoleums of Mam Chevan". Mesopotamia. Retrieved 2021-12-19.
  5. Pirbari, Dimitri; Mossaki, Nodar; Yezdin, Mirza Sileman (2020-03-03). "A Yezidi Manuscript:—Mišūr of P'īr Sīnī Bahrī/P'īr Sīnī Dārānī, Its Study and Critical Analysis". Iranian Studies. 53 (1–2): 223–257. doi:10.1080/00210862.2019.1669118. ISSN 0021-0862.
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