Driver's license in China

The Driving License of the People's Republic of China (simplified Chinese: 中华人民共和机动车驾驶证; traditional Chinese: 中華人民共和國機動車駕駛證; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Jīdòngchē Jiàshǐzhèng) is the legal driving license within China excluding the two special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau). In these two territories separate driving license must be obtained from their respective traffic authorities. It is issued, ratified and regularly inspected by the traffic administrative department of the public security organ.[1] Minimum age varies from 18 (for cars) all the way up to 26 (for large buses) in the country.

Driving License of the P.R.China Simple sample

Learner's licenses, although granted, have little effect, as most training takes place within the confines of specially-designed training areas inaccessible, on paper, to the general motoring public. Previously, expressways were inaccessible even for holders of a normal driver's license if they did not possess the license for a full year; however, such a regulation has now been invalidated. Drivers with licenses less than a year old, however, are still considered "intern drivers" or "new drivers" (Chinese: 实习司机; pinyin: shíxí siji), and certain limitations apply to them (examples: Display a uniform label on the car when they are driving, containing a person who has three-year driving experience sit in front passenger seat while driving on highway). The PRC considers the driving license, under a new law, an administrative license (Chinese: 行政许可; pinyin: xíngzhèng xuke).

Some areas do not issue motorcycle licenses or three-wheeler licenses any more. This promotes driving without a license, a fake license or an illegally purchased license.

History

The first driver's license in the PRC was issued in 1949 to Mr. Guo from Shandong.

During the Maoist era, due to a person was not allowed to own a private car, obtaining license was hard and usually for work and a person had to be political checked before obtaining a license and the processing would last 2 to 3 years.

After China's economic reforms began, owning a private car was gradually allowed and appearing of driver training schools in China was in 1990s, and since then the number of applying a license has been more and more increased.

A driver's license of China (Type C1D) issued from Beijing and the holder's hukou was in Guangdong

On April 10, 2019, the Ministry of Public Security (MPS) announced that applications for light motor vehicles (Type C1, C2, and C5) are no longer required to provide proof of residence in the issuing region if their hukou is not in the region; before that anyone whose hukou is not in the issuing region must have "temporary living permit"（暂住证 or 居住证） of the region or other similar proof in order to take a test and get a license (of any Type).[2] In October 2020, the MPS said that obtaining motorcycle driver's license (Type D, E, and F) will also not require that proof either since 20 November,[3] however, no matters where hukou is, in some areas fully-banning driving motorcycle still don't issue a license.

Types of license
TypeNameChineseAge of applicationOther categories includedIntl. Eqs.
A1
Heavy passenger vehicles (20 passengers or more)大型客车
26-50
A3, B1, B2, C1, C2, C3, C4, M
D
A2
Semi-trailer trucks or the vehicle with tralier which total mass heavier than (not including equal to) 4500kg重型牵引车
24-50
B1, B2, C1, C2, C3, C4, C6, M
E
A3
City buses (10 passengers or more)城市公交车
20-50
C1, C2, C3, C4
D
B1
Middle passenger vehicles (10-19 passengers)中型客车
21-50
C1, C2, C3, C4, M
D1
B2
Heavy goods vehicles大型货车
20-50
C1, C2, C3, C4, M
C
C1
Light motor vehicles, campers (9 passengers or less)小型汽车
18+
C2, C3, C4B
C2
Automatic transmission light motor vehicles小型自动档汽车
18+
C3
Low-speed goods vehicles低速载货汽车
18-60
C4
C4
Three-wheel motor vehicles三轮汽车
18-60
B1
C5
Small passenger cars with automatic transmission for people with disabilities残疾人专用小型自动挡载客汽车
18-70
N/A
C6
 The vehicle with tralier which total mass less than (not including equal to) 4500kg 轻型牵引挂车
20-60
BE
D
Ordinary three-wheel motorcycles (over 50cc / 50 km/h)普通三轮摩托车
18-60
E, F
B1
E
Ordinary two-wheel motorcycles (over 50cc / 50 km/h)普通二轮摩托车
18-60
F
A
F
Light motorcycles (50cc / 50 km/h or less)轻便摩托车
18-70
A1
M
Wheel type automobiles轮式自行机械车
18-60
N/A
N
Trolleybuses无轨电车
20-50
P
Trams有轨电车
20-50

References
  1. Law of the People’s Republic of China on Road Traffic Safety-中华人民共和国道路交通安全法-www.lawinfochina.com
  2. "6月1日起小车驾驶证"全国通考"". Xinhua (in Simplified Chinese). People's Daily. 2019-04-11. Archived from the original on 2019-04-14. Retrieved 2021-02-24.
  3. "公安部：摩托车驾驶证可"全国通考" 转籍异地通办 MPS: Application of motorcycle license will begin "nationwide examination"" (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on 2020-10-22. Retrieved 2021-03-25.
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