Cystisoma

Cystisoma is a genus of Cystisomatidae.[1][2][3][4][5]

Cystisoma
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustacea
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Order: Amphipoda
Family: Cystisomatidae
Genus: Cystisoma
Guérin-Méneville, 1842
Synonyms
  • Cysteosoma Bovallius
  • Cystosoma Spence Bate
  • Thaumatops Martens

Description

Size

Cystisoma are the largest of hyperiids, reaching lengths over 100 mm.

Distribution

Cystisoma inhabit the dim epipelagic and mesopelagic zones. They can be found in all of the world's oceans.

Camouflage

Cystisoma are characterized by unpigmented, transparent bodies which render them difficult to spot. Only their eyes are pigmented.

Marine biologists at Duke University and the Smithsonian analyzed the crustacean's shell and discovered that it was covered in microscopic spheres that significantly reduce reflected light, thus giving the organism an antireflective coating. The spheres are believed to be bacteria due to their morphology and method of reproduction. Minute structures called nanoprotuberances were also observed on the Cystisoma's body, notably on the organism's legs. Researchers believe that they act as a buffer between light and the amphipod's body, significantly reducing surface reflection.[6][7][8][9]

Species
  • Cystisoma fabricii Stebbing, 1888
  • Cystisoma gershwinae Zeidler, 2003
  • Cystisoma latipes (Stephensen, 1918)
  • Cystisoma longipes (Bovallius, 1886)
  • Cystisoma magna (Woltereck, 1903)
  • Cystisoma pellucida (Willemöes-Suhm, 1873)

References
  1. "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Cystisoma Guérin-Méneville, 1842". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
  2. "Cystisoma - Encyclopedia of Life". eol.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
  3. "ITIS - Report: Cystisoma". www.itis.gov. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
  4. Nikolaevna, Vinogradov, Michajl Evgenevic Volkov, Anatolij Fedorovic Semenova, Tatjana (1992). Hyperiid amphipods (Amphipoda, Hyperiidea) of the world oceans. Smithsonian Institution Libraries and National Science Foundation. OCLC 489185653.
  5. "A review of the hyperiidean amphipod family Cystisomatidae Willemöes-Suhm, 1875 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyperiidea)". Zootaxa. 141 (1): 43. 2003-01-31. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.141.1. ISSN 1175-5334.
  6. Bagge, Laura E.; Osborn, Karen J.; Johnsen, Sönke (2016-11-21). "Nanostructures and Monolayers of Spheres Reduce Surface Reflections in Hyperiid Amphipods". Current Biology. 26 (22): 3071–3076. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2016.09.033. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 28094029. S2CID 9930034.
  7. Magazine, Smithsonian; Underwood, Emily. "The Master of Disguise of the Ocean Reveals Its Secrets". Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
  8. "This Ocean Creature Makes Its Own Invisibility Cloak". Science. 2016-12-09. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
  9. "Cystisoma articles - Encyclopedia of Life". eol.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.