Leeward Islands Station

Leeward Islands Station
Leeward Islands Station
	English Harbour and Falmouth Harbour on Antigua
Active	1743–1821
Country	United Kingdom
Branch	Royal Navy
Type	Formation
Part of	Royal Navy
Garrison/HQ	Nelson's Dockyard

The Leeward Islands Station[1] and originally known as the Barbadoes and Leeward Islands Station [2][3] was a formation or command of the Kingdom of Great Britain and then the United Kingdom's Royal Navy stationed at English Harbour,[4] Antigua, Leeward Islands from 1743[5][6] to 1821.

History

During the 18th and 19th centuries Antigua served as the headquarters of first the Commander in Chief Barbadoes and Leeward Islands Station then later the Commander in Chief of the Leeward Island Station which was the British navy's important base in the Eastern Caribbean area during the Napoleonic Wars The three most strategically important islands the British utilized on the Leeward Islands Station were Antigua, Barbados and St. Lucia and these were the islands they used as naval bases.[4] The Station, was formed in October 1743[5] as a separate command to the older Jamaica Station[5][6] to contribute to a permanent British naval presence in the area to protect Britain's sugar producing islands and its convoys. During the Seven Years' War a number of large scale naval actions were conducted by the Royal Navy from this Caribbean base, one of its major engagements was the Battle of the Saintes. The station was in existence from 1743 to 1821 when it was abolished the last commander-in-chief was transferred to the larger North America Station.[7]

Commander-in-Chief, Barbadoes and Leeward Islands

Notes:Incomplete list Included:[7][2]

Commodore Charles Knowles, (1743-1744)[8] (also Second-in-Command, Jamaica Station)
Rear-Admiral Peter Warren (1744 - 1745) [2]
Commodore The Hon. Fitzroy Henry Lee (1745-1746) [2]
Rear-Admiral Isaac Townsend, (1744-1746) promoted to VAdm in 1746.[9]
Commodore Edward Legge, (1746-1748) [2]
Rear-Admiral Henry Osborn, (1748) [2]
Commodore Francis Holburne, (1748-1752) [2]
Rear-Admiral Thomas Pye, (1752-1755).[10]
Commodore Sir Thomas Frankland, (1754).[2][11]
Commodore Charles Steevens (1755)[2]
Commodore Sir Thomas Frankland, (1756-1757).[2]
Commodore John Moore, (1757-1760).[2]
Commodore Sir James Douglas, (1760-1761).[12]
Admiral Sir George Brydges Rodney, (1761-1763)[13]
Rear-Admiral Sir William Burnaby, (1763)[2][14]
Rear-Admiral Richard Tyrell, (1763).[2]
Rear-Admiral Robert Swanton, (1763-1764).[15][2]
Rear-Admiral Richard Tyrell, (1765-1766).[2]
Vice-Admiral Thomas Pye, (1766-1769).[2]
Rear-Admiral Robert Man, (1769-1772).[2]

Commander-in-Chief, Leeward Islands

Vice-Admiral William Parry, (1772-1775).
Vice-Admiral James Young, (1775-1778).
Rear-Admiral Samuel Barrington, (1778-1779).
Vice-Admiral John Byron, (1779).
Rear-Admiral Sir Hyde Parker, (1779-1780).
Admiral Sir George Brydges Rodney, (1780-1781).
Rear-Admiral Sir Samuel Hood, (1781-1782).
Admiral Sir George Brydges Rodney, (1782).
Admiral Hugh Pigot, (1782-1783).
Rear Admiral Sir Richard Hughes, (1783-1786).
Commodore Sir Richard Bickerton, (1786-1787).
Commodore Sir William Parker, (1787-1789).
Rear-Admiral Sir John Laforey, (1789-1793).
Rear-Admiral Alan Gardner, (1793).
Vice-Admiral Sir John Jervis, (1793-1794).
Vice-Admiral Benjamin Caldwell, (1794-1795).
Admiral Sir John Laforey, (1795–96).
Rear-Admiral Sir Hugh Cloberry Christian, (1796).
Rear Admiral Henry Harvey, (1796-1799)
Vice-Admiral Lord Hugh Seymour, (1799-1800).
Rear Admiral Sir John Duckworth, (1800-1801).
Rear-Admiral Thomas Totty, (1801-1802).
Commodore Samuel Hood, (1802).
Commodore Robert Stopford, (1802-1805).
Rear-Admiral Sir Alexander Cochrane, (1805-1811).
Rear-Admiral Sir Francis Laforey, (1811-1814).
Rear-Admiral Sir Philip Charles Durham, (1814-1816).
Rear-Admiral John Harvey, (1816-1818).
Rear-Admiral Donald Campbell, (1818-1819).
Commodore Thomas Huskisson, (1819-1820).
Rear-Admiral William Charles Fahie, (1820-1821).

Citations

Ward (2011a), pp. 1–2.
Harrison, Simon. "Commander-in-Chief at Barbados & the Leeward Islands". threedecks.org. S. Harrison. Retrieved 1 October 2018.
Richmond (1920), p. 243.
Ward (2011b), p. 1.
Sanderson (1968), p. 5.
Sanderson (1968), p. 18.
Haydn (1851), p. 279.
Laurens (1970), p. 210.
Schomberg (1802), p. 232.
Winfield (2008), p. 144.
Schomberg (1802), p. 235.
Heslip (2010).
Billias (1972), p. 8.
Schomberg (1802), p. 238.
Little (1974).

References

Billias, George Athan (1972). The Life and Correspondence of the Late Admiral Lord Rodney. Boston: Gregg Press. ISBN 9780839812715.
Haydn, Joseph (1851). The Book of Dignities: Containing Lists of the Official Personages of the British Empire, the Earliest Periods to the Present Time. London: Longmans, Brown, Green, and Longmans.
Heslip, Philip (April 2010). "James Douglas papers (1738-1850, bulk 1738-1787)". Clements Library. University of Michigan. Retrieved 17 November 2016.
Laurens, Henry (1970). The Papers of Henry Laurens originally published November 1, 1755–December 31, 1758 (1st ed.). Columbia, South Carolina: University of South Carolina Press. ISBN 9780872491410.
Little, C. H. (1974). "Swanton, Robert". In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. III (1741–1770) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press.
Miller, Nathan (2000). The Age of Fighting Sail, 1775–1815. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Richmond, Herbert William (1920). The Navy in the War of 1739–48. Vol. 1. Cambridge: The University Press.
Rodger, N. A. M. (2004). The Command of the Ocean: A Naval History of Britain, 1649–1815. New York and London: W. W. Norton and Company.
Sanderson, Michael William Bristowe (November 1968). English Naval Strategy and Maritime Trade in the Caribbean, 1793–1802 (PDF) (PhD). King's College London.
Schomberg, Isaac (1802). Naval Chronology. Vol. 5. London: T. Egerton.
Ward, Geoff (2011a). A Shift in Focus: The Shift in Naval Warfare in the Caribbean During the Eighteenth Century. St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago: The University of the West Indies.
Ward, Geoff (2011b). Nowhere is Perfect: British Naval Centres on the Leeward Islands Station during the Eighteenth Century (PDF). St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago: University of the West Indies.
Winfield, Rif (2008). British Warships in the Age of Sail 1793–1817. Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Seaforth. ISBN 1844157008.

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[FOOTNOTEWard2011a1–2-1] Ward (2011a), pp. 1–2.

[Harrison-2] Harrison, Simon. "Commander-in-Chief at Barbados & the Leeward Islands". threedecks.org. S. Harrison. Retrieved 1 October 2018.

[FOOTNOTERichmond1920243-3] Richmond (1920), p. 243.

[FOOTNOTEWard2011b1-4] Ward (2011b), p. 1.

[FOOTNOTESanderson19685-5] Sanderson (1968), p. 5.

[FOOTNOTESanderson196818-6] Sanderson (1968), p. 18.

[FOOTNOTEHaydn1851279-7] Haydn (1851), p. 279.

[FOOTNOTELaurens1970210-8] Laurens (1970), p. 210.

[FOOTNOTESchomberg1802232-9] Schomberg (1802), p. 232.

[FOOTNOTEWinfield2008144-10] Winfield (2008), p. 144.

[FOOTNOTESchomberg1802235-11] Schomberg (1802), p. 235.

[FOOTNOTEHeslip2010-12] Heslip (2010).

[FOOTNOTEBillias19728-13] Billias (1972), p. 8.

[FOOTNOTESchomberg1802238-14] Schomberg (1802), p. 238.

[FOOTNOTELittle1974-15] Little (1974).

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