Codex Sangallensis 48

Codex Sangallensis, designated by Δ or 037 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 76 (von Soden), is a Greek-Latin diglot uncial manuscript of the four Gospels. It is usually dated palaeographically to the 9th century CE, though a few palaeographers would place it in the 10th century CE.[1] It was named by Scholz in 1830.[2]: 156 

Uncial 037
New Testament manuscript
The beginning of John
NameSangallensis
SignΔ
TextGospels
Date9th century
ScriptGreek-Latin
Now atAbbey library of Saint Gall
Size23 cm by 18.5 cm
TypeAlexandrian / Byzantine
CategoryIII

Description

The codex contains 198 parchment leaves, 23 cm by 18.5 cm in size. The text is written in one column per page, and 17-28 lines per page,[1] in large semi-uncial letters.[3]

The codex contains the complete text of the four Gospels with only one lacuna of John 19:17-35. The Latin text is written above the Greek (as in Codex Boernerianus), and in minuscule letters. It is decorated, but the decorations were made by an inartistic hand.[4]: 82  The manuscript Vorlage from which Sangallensis was copied was likely written stichometrically.[2]: 158 

The text is divided according to Ammonian Sections, whose numbers are given at the margin, with references to the Eusebian Canons in Roman letters (written below the Ammonian Section numbers). The top of the pages contain the τιτλοι (titles of chapters), also.[3]

It contains Prologues, the Epistle of Jerome to Pope Damasus I, the Eusebian Canon Tables, and κεφαλαια tables (tables of contents) in both Greek and Latin.[3][2]: 157 

The texts of Mark 7:16 and 11:26 are omitted. The Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11) is omitted, but a blank space was left for the remainder of the 348th page.

Text

The Greek text is a representative of the Alexandrian text-type (similar to L) in the Gospel of Mark, but the Byzantine text-type in the rest of the gospels (as in Ψ).[4]: 82–83  Aland placed it in Category III.[1]

Some Textual variants

Matthew 1:12

Ζορομβαβαβελ - Δ
Ζοροβαβελ - All other witnesses[5]

Matthew 27:35

τὰ ἱμάτιά μου ἑαυτοῖς καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν ἱματισμόν μου ἔβαλον κλῆρον - Δ Θ 0250 f1 f13 537 1424
omit - All other witnesses

Mark 4:19

η αγαπη του πλουτου (the love of wealth) - Δ
απαται του πλουτου - D Θ 565 it
απαται του κοσμου - W 1424 f
η απατη του πλουτου - All other witnesses[6]

Mark 9:49

πᾶς γὰρ πυρὶ ἁλισθήσεται – B L W Δ f1 f13 28 565 700 ℓ 260 syrs copsa
πᾶς γὰρ πυρὶ ἁλισθήσεται καὶ πᾶσα θυσία ἁλὶ ἁλισθήσεται – All other witnesses

John 1:15

ὁ πίσω - 𝔓66 1646
ὁ ὀπίσω - All other witnesses[7]

Latin text

The Latin version seems a mixture of the Vulgate with Old Latin Itala, and altered and accommodated to the Greek as to be of little critical value.

The interlinear Latin text of the codex is remarkable for its alternative readings in almost every verse, e.g. uxorem vel coniugem for την γυναικα in Matthew 1:20.[8]

History

The codex was written in the West, possibly in the St. Gallen monastery, by an Irish monk in the 9th century.[9] It can not be dated earlier, because it has a reference to the (heretical) opinions of Gottschalk at Luke 13:24 and John 12:40.

Siglum Δ was given to it by Scholz.[10]

It was examined by Martin Gerbert (1773), Scholz, Rettig, J. Rendel Harris, Oscar von Gebhardt. Rettig thought that Codex Sangallensis is a part of the same manuscript as Codex Boernerianus.[9]

The text of the codex was edited by H. C. M. Rettig in 1836, but with some mistakes (e.g. in Luke 21:32 οφθαλμους instead of αδελφους).[4]: 83  There are references made to the opinions of Gottschalk († 866) in Luke 13:24; John 12:40, and to Hand Aragon († 941).[9]

The codex is located in the Abbey library of St. Gallen (48) at St. Gallen.[1][11]

  • The epistle of Jerome to Pope Damasus I
  • Tables of κεφαλαια for John
  • It lacks John 7:53-8:11

See also

References
  1. Aland, Kurt; Aland, Barbara (1995). The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism. Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.). Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 118. ISBN 978-0-8028-4098-1.
  2. Scrivener, Frederick Henry Ambrose; Edward Miller (1894). A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament. Vol. 1 (4th ed.). London: George Bell & Sons.
  3. Gregory, Caspar René (1900). Textkritik des Neuen Testaments. Vol. 1. Leipzig: J.C. Hinrichs’sche Buchhandlung. p. 86.
  4. Metzger, Bruce M.; Ehrman, Bart D. (2005). The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption, and Restoration (4th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-516122-X.
  5. Editio Octava Critica Maior, p. 3
  6. NA26, p. 100.
  7. UBS3, p. 321
  8. F. H. A. Scrivener, A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament, (George Bell & Sons: London, 1894), vol. 2, p. 51.
  9. C. R. Gregory, "Textkritik des Neuen Testaments", Leipzig 1900, vol. 1, p. 87.
  10. H. C. M. Rettig, Ueber einen tausendjährigen noch nie verglichenen griechischen Evangeliencodex mit lateinischer Interlinearversion, Theologische Studien und Kritiken (1836), pp. 465-469.
  11. "Liste Handschriften". Münster: Institute for New Testament Textual Research. Retrieved 16 March 2013.

Further reading
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