Ceratocanthidae

Ceratocanthidae
	Germarostes sp.
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Coleoptera
Suborder:	Polyphaga
Infraorder:	Scarabaeiformia
Superfamily:	Scarabaeoidea
Family:	Ceratocanthidae; Martinez, 1968
Synonyms
	Acanthoceridae Lacordaire 1856

Ceratocanthidae are a family of Scarabaeoid beetles that are best known for their ability to roll up when disturbed into a nearly spherical shape giving the name of pill scarab beetles.

Ceratocanthidae have a 10 segmented antenna with the terminal three segments forming an opposable club. The basal antenna segment is large and triangular. The eyes are partly separated by a canthus. There are five tarsal segments on all the legs. They were earlier placed in the family Acanthoceridae. The family is closely related to the Hybosoridae.[1][2][3]

References

Grebennikov, Vasily V.; Ballerio, Alberto; Ocampo, Federico C.; Scholtz, Clarke H. (2004). "Larvae of Ceratocanthidae and Hybosoridae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea): study of morphology, phylogenetic analysis and evidence of paraphyly of Hybosoridae: Phylogeny of Ceratocanthidae and Hybosoridae". Systematic Entomology. 29 (4): 524–543. doi:10.1111/j.0307-6970.2004.00257.x.
Grebennikov, Vasily V. (2019-02-19). "First DNA analysis of pill scarabs (Coleoptera: Hybosoridae: Ceratocanthinae) reveals multiple paraphyly of Afrotropical Philharmostes". European Journal of Entomology. 116: 52–63. doi:10.14411/eje.2019.006.
White, Adam (2009). "XIII. Description of some Hemipterous Insects of the Section Heteroptera". Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London. 3 (2): 84–94. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2311.1842.tb03257.x.

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[1] Grebennikov, Vasily V.; Ballerio, Alberto; Ocampo, Federico C.; Scholtz, Clarke H. (2004). "Larvae of Ceratocanthidae and Hybosoridae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea): study of morphology, phylogenetic analysis and evidence of paraphyly of Hybosoridae: Phylogeny of Ceratocanthidae and Hybosoridae". Systematic Entomology. 29 (4): 524–543. doi:10.1111/j.0307-6970.2004.00257.x.

[2] Grebennikov, Vasily V. (2019-02-19). "First DNA analysis of pill scarabs (Coleoptera: Hybosoridae: Ceratocanthinae) reveals multiple paraphyly of Afrotropical Philharmostes". European Journal of Entomology. 116: 52–63. doi:10.14411/eje.2019.006.

[3] White, Adam (2009). "XIII. Description of some Hemipterous Insects of the Section Heteroptera". Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London. 3 (2): 84–94. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2311.1842.tb03257.x.