4D film

4D film is a high technology presentation system combining motion pictures with physical effects that are synchronized and occur in theatre. Effects simulated in 4D films include motion, vibration, scent, rain, mist, bubbles, fog, smoke, wind, temperature changes, and strobe lights.[1][2] Advanced seats in 4D venues vibrate and move during these multisensory presentations. Other common effects include air jets, and water sprays. Auditorium effects may include smoke, rain, lightning, bubbles, and scent. 4D films are exhibited in every major global market in stadium seating multiplexes and are exhibited via worldwide theatrical releases.[3]

4D venue complete with motion-enhanced seating and multisensory olfactory technology.

In 4D theaters, sitting closer to screens[4] produces a cinematic virtual reality simulator, flight simulator, flying theater multisensory immersive experience.[5][6][7]

Notable motion-enhanced 4D motion pictures include Top Gun: Maverick, Oppenheimer, Mission: Impossible – Dead Reckoning Part One and Part Two, Avatar: The Way of Water, Jurassic World Dominion and the Space X project with Tom Cruise and Elon Musk as producers.[8] As Cruise and David Ellison are frequent 4D film collaborators.[9]

Multinational mobile 4D theaters include Cinetransformer venues.[10] And as of 2022, 4D films are exhibited in more than 65 countries globally.[11] 4D motion pictures are also exhibited in theme parks.[12]

4D films are multisensory experiences. And applications of this advanced technology is converging into a new paradigm of technology experiences including cinematic virtual reality.[13][14][15] As a former Google executive has been hired to brand, market and develop these next-gen 4D multisensory experiences.[16] And former Industrial Light & Magic personnel have been tasked with hiring high technology personnel for new 4D venues.[17]

XR smartglasses and headsets are currently being utilized to exhibit 4D films in 4D multisensory venues.[18] And Apple smartglasses are a natural fit for 4D venues.[19] As are AWS, Weta Digital, and Unity offerings.[20][21]

History

The precursors of the modern 4D film presentation include Sensurround, which debuted in 1974 with the film Earthquake. Only a few films were presented in Sensurround, and it was supplanted by Dolby Stereo in 1977, which featured extended low frequencies, and made subwoofers a common addition to cinema .[22] Other notable efforts at pushing the boundaries of the film viewing experience include Fantasound, the first use of stereo sound, Cinemiracle and Cinerama, both widescreen formats utilizing multiple projectors.

The Sensorium is regarded the world's first commercial 4D film and was first screened in 1984 at Six Flags Power Plant in Baltimore. It was produced in partnership with Landmark Entertainment[23]

4DX, D-Box Technologies, and Mediamation all currently integrate 4D technology in global stadium seating multiplexes.[24]

Canvas 4D Conference 21 was the First 4D Conference Film Developed for 4D Presentation System and Theaters made by American Entrepreneur and Innovator Laxmikanth Dorai, Missouri S&T Alumnus [25] which was (Official Selection- First Time Filmmaker Sessions) for Premiering in Historic Pinewood Studios and Raleigh Studio Theatres[26] Inspired by 4D Film (Featuring then U.S. President Barack Obama) and 4D Theater Studio in USA pavilion at Expo 2010 at Shanghai World Expo 2010 when he was presenting for an IEEE International Conference in Chengdu, China.

List of 4D presentation systems for film theatres

The following is a list of 4D presentation systems developed for traditional film theatres.

Format Date Developer 3D Format Motion Seat Effects Remarks Notes Source
4DX CJ 4D Plex Stereoscopic 3D yes motion, vibration, scent/olfactory, water sprays, wind/air, snow, fog, strobes, lightning, bubbles Cineworld, Cinépolis
D-Box D-Box Technologies Stereoscopic 3D yes motion, vibration Cinemark
MX4D MediaMation Stereoscopic 3D yes motion, vibration, scent/olfactory, water sprays, wind/air, snow, fog, strobes, lightning, bubbles Paramount, Showcase [27]
4D E-Motion Lumma Stereoscopic 3D yes motion, vibration, scent/olfactory, water sprays, air shots, wind, strobes, colour lights, fog, bubbles, snow
(Not named by developer) Red Rover Stereoscopic 3D yes motion, water sprays, wind/air, scent/olfactory, fog, strobes, bubbles, Branded as Super 4D in Lotte Cinema installations.

Selected filmography
Title Year Release venue/Country Notes
The Scent of Mystery1960Specially outfitted general-release theatersScent/olfactory
The Sensorium1984Six Flags Power Plant, Baltimore, MDThe first 4D film
Captain EO1986Epcot, Disneyland, Disneyland Paris and Tokyo DisneylandClosed in the mid-late 1990s and reopened in 2010 as a tribute to the late Michael Jackson.
Muppet*Vision 3D1991Disney's Hollywood StudiosDirected by Jim Henson
Honey, I Shrunk the Audience1994Epcot, Disneyland, Disneyland Paris and Tokyo DisneylandSponsored by Kodak, closed in all locations in May 2010 and was replaced with Captain EO.
Terminator 2 3D: Battle Across Time1996Universal Studios JapanDirected by James Cameron
Pirates 4D1997SeaWorld Ohio, Busch Gardens Williamsburg, Thorpe Park in the UK, Busch Gardens Tampa BayProduced by Busch Entertainment, Directed by Keith Melton.
The Amazing Adventures of Spider-Man1999Islands of Adventure, Universal Studios Japan,Water, smoke, strobe, and vibration.
PandaDroom2002The Efteling, NetherlandsSame film released in other parks without 4D effects
SpongeBob SquarePants 4-D2002, 2006Six Flags over Texas, Moody Gardens, Shedd Aquarium, Adventure Dome, Six Flags Great Adventure, Movie Park Germany, Adventure Aquarium, Kings Dominion, (formerly at Paramount Parks), Indianapolis Zoo, Carowinds, Camden Aquarium (Camden, NJ), Flamingo Land Theme Park and Zoo and other locations
Mickey's PhilharMagic2003Magic Kingdom, Hong Kong Disneyland, Tokyo Disneyland, and Disney California Adventure.In collaboration with Walt Disney Feature Animation
Haunted Lighthouse[lower-alpha 1]2003Flamingo Land Theme Park and Zoo
Shrek 4-D2003Universal Studios Florida, Universal Studios Japan, and Universal Studios SingaporeReleased in an anaglyph version as Shrek 3-D on DVD
Borg Invasion2004Star Trek: The Experience, at Las Vegas Hilton, USAClosed in 2008, to be reopened in Neonopolis, Las Vegas
Fly Me to the Moon2008Six Flags over Texas
Journey to the Center of the Earth 4-D Adventure2008Vibrant 5D, RaipurStone Mountain Park, Dollywood, Warner Bros. Movie World
Fly High: The Legend of Black Man2017First Indian 4D Film; directed by Rahul Rathish Kumar
Avatar in 4D2009South Korea, Hong KongIn 4DX. James Cameron, Director
London Eye 4D Experience2009London Eye
Beyond All Boundaries2009WWII Museum, New OrleansProduced by Tom Hanks
ENERGIA The Spirit of the Earth2009Cité de l'énergie, Shawinigan (Quebec)Spectators are seated on a revolving platform. Features wind, snow, smoke, rain, vibration and lighting effects.
Marvel Super Heroes 4D2010Madame Tussauds London, Trans Studio Bandung[28]
Rabid Rider2010Cincinnati Zoo
Star Tours—The Adventures Continue2011Disneyland, Disney's Hollywood Studios, Tokyo Disneyland, & Disneyland ParisReplaced/Replacing Star Tours in all locations. Was updated in late 2015 to add an adventure themed to Star Wars: The Force Awakens[29]
Shalem2011?Jerusalem Time Elevator, JerusalemA 3000-year-old guide to Jerusalem's history at the Jerusalem Time Elevator, Jerusalem.[30] It includes moving and tilting seats on a moving stage, air conditioning and smell enhancements, along with a 'light and sound' show highlighting real artifacts. A similar system, 'The Time Mine', has been installed at the Timna Valley park near Eilat, and another at the main hall of the Herzl Museum in Jerusalem.
Spy Kids: All the Time in the World2011United States, India, Canada and UKSmell was achieved by using scratch and sniff cards
Transformers: The Ride2011Universal Studios Singapore, Universal Studios Hollywood, Universal Studios Florida
The Bourne Legacy 2012 Multinational In 4DX
Despicable Me: Minion Mayhem2012Universal Studios Florida, Universal Studios Japan, and Universal Studios Hollywood14-minute simulator ride, starring Gru, Margo, Edith, Agnes and the Minions; setting is 1 year after the events of the original film in 2010.
Tallgrass Prairie: Tides of Time2012Flint Hills Discovery Center, Manhattan, KansasFeatures wind, snow, smoke, and lightning effects[31]
Prometheus 2012Cinepolis Galerias Guadalajara, MexicoIn 4DX. Ridley Scott, Director
Titanic 2012 Multinational 4DX re-release,[32] James Cameron, Director
The Adventures of Tintin 2011Nickelodeon Resorts, Paramount Parks, North Carolina Zoo, and Alton Towers14-minute condensed version of the film.
Iron Man 32013Korona World Theatre Nagoya, Japan,[33] Seoul, South Korea Labeled as 4DX featuring strobe lights, tilting seats, blowing wind and fog, and odor effects.
47 Ronin 2014 Multinational In 4DX
Fury 2014 Multinational In 4DX
Interstellar 2014 Multinational In 4DX. Christopher Nolan, Director
Rio 2014San Diego Zoo, Kentucky Kingdom, North Carolina Zoo, Indianapolis Zoo, Cincinnati Zoo12-minute condensed version of the film.
Temple Run 7D2014India9-minute ride to various Indian temples including Kedarnath, Badrinath, Gangotri, Rameshwaram, and Dwarka produced by Modern Techno Projects Private Ltd.
Star Wars: The Force Awakens 2015 Multinational In 4DX. J.J. Abrams, Director
Ice Age: No Time for Nuts 4D2015United States4D-remastered version of the 2006 short film of the same name.
Rogue One 2016 Multinational In 4DX
Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice2016Seoul, Korea and New York City, New YorkLabeled as 4DX including fog, wind, motion, rain, lightning, vibrations and scents.
Pixels2016Taguig, PhilippinesLabeled as 4DX including models, arcade, explosives, and shoots.
Mass Effect: New Earth 4D2016California's Great America4+1⁄2-minute film, 60-foot screen with 4K resolution, live performers, wind, water, leg pokers, neck ticklers, 80-channel surround sound
LEGO Nexo Knights 4D: The Book of Creativity[34]2016Legoland parks and Legoland Discovery Centre parks worldwide12+1⁄2-minute 4D film of LEGO Nexo Knights shown at Legoland, along with The LEGO Movie 4D Produced by Alexander Lentjes[35] for M2Film and Merlin Entertainments
Gravity 2018 Multinational 4DX re-release,[36] Alfonso Cuarón, Director
Life of Pi 2018 Multinational 4DX re-release,[37] Ang Lee, Director
1917 2019 Multinational In 4DX,[38] Sam Mendes, Director, Produced by Amblin Partners
Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker 2019 Multinational In 4DX. J.J. Abrams, Director
Gemini Man 2019 Multinational In 4DX. Ang Lee, Director
The Lion King 2019 Multinational In 4DX. Jon Favreau, Director
Inception 2020 Multinational 4DX re-release,[39] Christopher Nolan, Director
The Matrix Resurrections 2021 Multinational In 4DX. Lana Wachowski, Director
Canvas 4D Conference 21 2021 Multinational In 4D Presentation System. Laxmikanth Dorai, Entrepreneur and Inventor
Top Gun: Maverick 2022 Multinational In 4DX. Tom Cruise, David Ellison, Producers
Oppenheimer 2023 Multinational In 4DX. Christopher Nolan, Director[40]

See also

Notes
  1. Also known as R. L. Stine's Haunted Lighthouse 4-D)

References
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