1994 Mindoro earthquake

The 1994 Mindoro earthquake occurred at 03:15:30 PST on November 15 near Mindoro, Philippines. It had a moment magnitude of 7.1 and a maximum Rossi–Forel of VII (Very strong tremor). It is associated with a 35 kilometer-long ground rupture, called the Aglubang River fault.[5] Seventy eight people were reported dead,[6] and 7,566 houses were damaged. The earthquake generated a tsunami and landslides on the Verde Island.

1994 Mindoro earthquake
UTC time1994-11-14 19:15:30
ISC event141635
USGS-ANSSComCat
Local dateNovember 15, 1994
Local time03:15 PST
Magnitude7.1 Mw[1]
Depth31.5 km (19.6 mi)[1]
Epicenter13.525°N 121.067°E / 13.525; 121.067[1]
TypeStrike-slip[2]
Areas affectedPhilippines
Max. intensityVII (Very strong tremor)[1]
TsunamiYes
Casualties78 killed, 225–340 injured[3][4]

Earthquake

The epicenter of this earthquake was located in the Verde Island Passage, a strait separating Luzon and Mindoro. The focal mechanism showed predominantly right-lateral strike-slip faulting.[7] The released seismic moment was about 5.12×1019 Nm.[8]

Surface faulting

The Aglubang River fault, which shows a right-lateral strike-slip sense of movement, extends from Malaylay Island in the north of Oriental Mindoro to Alcate, Victoria in the south. Measurements along the rupture reveal a maximum horizontal displacement of 4 meters and a maximum vertical displacement of 1.9 meters.[5][9]

Tsunami

The earthquake generated a tsunami, which affected Mindoro, the Verde Island, the Baco Islands,[10] and Luzon. Some concrete structures also suffered moderate damage in the tsunami. In Baco Islands, the vertical run-up reached 8.5 meters (28 ft). The tsunami was also recorded in Lobo.[11] The tsunami was larger than expected considering the strike-slip movement of the earthquake.[2]

See also

References
  1. "M 7.1 - Mindoro, Philippines". United States Geological Survey. November 14, 1994. Retrieved August 31, 2017.
  2. Tanioka, Y.; Satake, K. (1996), "Tsunami generation by horizontal displacement of ocean bottom" (PDF), Geophysical Research Letters, 23 (8): 863, 864, Bibcode:1996GeoRL..23..861T, doi:10.1029/96GL00736, hdl:2027.42/95068
  3. "Today in Earthquake History". USGS. Archived from the original on 2022-02-18. Retrieved 2022-02-18.
  4. "15 November 1994, Mw 7.1, Mindoro, Philippines". Retrieved 2022-03-19.
  5. Rimando, R.E., Punongbayan, R.S., Geronimo-Catane, S.G., Mirabueno, H.S., Rasdas, A.S., 1995. Ground rupture of the 15 November 1994 Oriental Mindoro (Philippines) earthquake. XXI General Assembly of IUGG, Abstracts, p. A422.
  6. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-07-14. Retrieved 2017-08-28.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  7. http://wwwsoc.nii.ac.jp/jepsjmo/cd-rom/2005cd-rom/pdf/s052/s052p-004_e.pdf%5B%5D
  8. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-05-18. Retrieved 2011-12-06.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  9. PHIVOLCS Quick Response Teams, December, 1994. PHIVOLCS Special Report No. 2. THE 15 November 1994 Mindoro Earthquake.
  10. "Tsunamis – past and present".
  11. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-04-26. Retrieved 2011-12-06.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

Further reading
  • Imamura, Fumihiko; Synolakis, Costas E.; Gica, Edison; Titov, Vasily; Listanco, Eddie; Lee, Ho Jun (1995). "Field survey of the 1994 Mindoro Island, Philippines tsunami". Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. 144 (3–4): 875–890. doi:10.1007/bf00874399. ISSN 0033-4553.
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