State Seal of Myanmar

The State Seal of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar (Burmese: ပြည်ထောင်စုသမ္မတမြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော် နိုင်ငံတော်အထိမ်းအမှတ်တံဆိပ်) is used in all official government documents, including publications. As the seal is an official symbol, there are State Seal Law and Principles regarding appropriate usage of it.

State Seal of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar
ArmigerRepublic of the Union of Myanmar
Adopted2011[1][2]
CrestA mullet Or
BlazonGule a map of Myanmar Or surrounded by a laurel of the same, in a red field
SupportersTwo lion sejant Or
Mottoပြည်ထောင်စု သမ္မတ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော်
Earlier version(s)
1948-1974
1974-1988
1988-2011

Description
  • The emblem is with a red background with the golden map of Myanmar in the center. The map is surrounded by 14 laurel or olive branches (7 on each side).
  • Beside the branches are the two lions. The left lion is facing to the left and the right lion is facing to the right.
  • The Name of the country "Republic of the Union of Myanmar" in the Burmese language; ပြည်ထောင်စု သမ္မတ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော် is expressed on the ribbon. The word for Union, ပြည်ထောင်စု is on the scroll which is under the left lion. The word for President, သမ္မတ is under the map. The word for Myanmar, မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော်, is under the right lion.
  • On the top, the large yellow five-pointed star is pointing upward.
  • The other part of the seal is surrounded by the traditional Burmese flower[3]

Usage

The State seal can be used for the following:

  • Can be used in Presidential Palace.
  • Can be used in/on the vehicles of the president.
  • Can be used in the Central Parliament Buildings (Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, Pyithu Hluttaw and Amyotha Hluttaw), the union level government offices, State and Region Hluttaw Buildings, Offices of State and Region Government, Self-Administered Zones and Divisions.
  • Can be used in ministries and their child agencies' offices, in the courts and the organizations and departments which are allowed to use by the Union Government.
  • Can be used in Myanmar Embassies, consulates and one other representations.
  • Can be printed on the objects which are used in State Receptions.
  • Can be used in bank notes and stamps.
  • Can be used by the organizations which are allowed use by the president.
  • Can be used in the official documents of Central Parliaments and State & Region, the Union Government and the ministries, the State, Region and SAZ and SAD Governments, the organizations and department which are allowed by the union government.
  • Can be used in State meetings and ceremonies.[3]

History

Before 1948

The previous state symbol of Burmese monarchs was the green peacock. The use of the green peacock was continued during British colonial times and the State of Burma. The peacock also featured on Burmese rupees as a national symbol.

Emblems of
British Burma and State of Burma



The current design was first adopted in 1947.

4 January 1948 — 3 January 1974
State Seal of the Union of Burma
ArmigerUnion of Burma
Adopted1948
Relinquished1974
CrestA blue lion sejant
BlazonGule a white map of Myanmar between two areas surrounded by a circle that bears the State motto:
သမဂ္ဂါနံ တပေါ သုခေါ
SupportersTwo blue lion sejant
Mottoပြည်ထောင်စု
သမတ-မြန်မာ နိုင်ငံတော်။

The State Seal of Burma, approved by the Constituent Assembly in 1947, contained the Burmese text ပြည်ထောင်စု သမတမြန်မာ နိုင်ငံတော်။ on the banner, which translates "Republic of Union of Myanmar" (the same as the text in the current State Seal except the spelling of the word that mean President or Republic: သမတ), as well as three lions. Additionally, there was a circle surrounding the map of the country containing Verse 194 of the Buddhavagga in the Dhammapada in Pali: သမဂ္ဂါနံ တပေါ သုခေါ (samaggānaṃ tapo sukho), which translates to "happiness through harmony" or "well-being through unity." It was adopted at the independence of the country on 4 January 1948.

3 January 1974 — 19 October 1988
State Seal of the Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma
ArmigerSocialist Republic of the Union of Burma
Adopted1974
Relinquished1988
CrestA white mullet
BlazonGule a red map of Myanmar in a blue field surrounded by a white cogwheel which is also surrounded by paddy ears Or
SupportersTwo blue lion sejant
Mottoပြည်ထောင်စု ဆိုရှယ်လစ်သမ္မတ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော်
Earlier version(s)
1948-1974

The 1974 Constitution of the Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma adopted a new State Seal[4] with Socialist symbols : a pinion (cogwheel) with 14 teeth , surrounding the map of Myanmar, surrounded by two paddy ears, the two artistic Burmese lions besides the branches: The left lion facing to the left and the right lion facing to the right, The words ပြည်ထောင်စု ဆိုရှယ်လစ်သမ္မတ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော်, which translates "Socialist Republic of the Union of Myanmar", on the ribbon banner at the bottom.[5] It was adopted together with the 1974 constitution on 3 January 1974.

19 October 1988 — 21 October 2010

On 19 October 1988, the State Law and Order Restoration Council enacted a law which replaces the expression "Socialist Republic of the Union of Myanmar" with the expression "Union of Myanmar".[6] The State Seal was modified as the country name in State Seal Law had been replaced: the words ဆိုရှယ်လစ်သမ္မတ ("Socialist Republic") were removed, and the colour of the whole of the seal was changed to golden colour.

31 January 2011 — present

In 2008, the Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar for Burma was approved by a referendum. In this new constitution, changes have been made to the State Seal. The new State Seal uses the colours red and gold/yellow. Also, the gear wheel and paddy ears have been removed and replaced with laurel or olive branches and the words on the ribbon have been changed to ပြည်ထောင်စု သမ္မတ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော် which translates "Republic of the Union of Myanmar" .[7] The new Laws and Principles for State Seal were passed on 21 October 2010[8] (but were not enforced immediately)and the new State Seal was displayed on the television on that day's afternoon.[9] But the new state seal had not been adopted yet till 2011.[1] It was adopted on the day the 2008 Constitution came into force, on 31 January 2011.[2][10]

Symbolism (current and removed)
  • Emblem of British Burma (1939-1941),(1945-1948)
  • Emblem of the State of Burma (1943-1945)
  • State Seal of the Union of Burma
    (4 January 1948 – 3 January 1974)
  • State Seal of the Socialist Republic of
    the Union of Burma
    (3 January 1974 – 19 October 1988)
  • State Seal of the Union of Burma
    / Union of Myanmar
    (19 October 1988 – 31 January 2011)
  • State Seal of the Republic of
    the Union of Myanmar
    (31 January 2011 - )

See also

References

http://www.hubert-herald.nl/Myanmar1.htm

  1. Public Service Medal certificate awarded on 4 January 2011 is with old State Seal bearing cogwheel and paddy ears.
  2. "နိုင်ငံတော်အထိမ်းအမှတ်တံဆိပ်ဥပဒေ". Constitutional Tribunal of the Union of Myanmar, Law Library (in Burmese). အာဏာတည်သည့်ရက်: 31/1/2011
  3. "the State Seal Law". General Administration Department.
  4. 1974 Constitution of the Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma, Chapter XIV.
  5. "State Seal Bylaws". Article 2, Act of 30 March 1974. Pyithu Hluttaw.
  6. "Adaptation of Expressions Law". Act of 19 October 1988 (PDF). State Law and Order Restoration Council.
  7. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 April 2011. Retrieved 23 September 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  8. "Union Seal Law". Act of 21 October 2010 (PDF). State Peace and Development Council.
  9. "Regime New Flag to raise today". 22 October 2010.
  10. "၂၀၀၈ ဖွဲ့စည်းပုံအခြေခံဥပဒေ" [2008 Constitution]. Constitutional Tribunal of the Union of Myanmar (in Burmese). March 2018. ဖွဲ့စည်းပုံအခြေခံဥပဒေပြဋ္ဌာန်းချက်များနှင့်အညီ ၂၀၀၈ ဖွဲ့စည်းပုံအခြေခံဥပဒေသည် ပထမအကြိမ် ပြည်ထောင်စုလွှတ်တော်စတင်ကျင်းပသည့် ၃၁-၁-၂၀၁၁ ရက်နေ့တွင် စတင်အာဏာတည်ခဲ့သည်။
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