Triglochin maritima

Triglochin maritima is a species of flowering plant in the arrowgrass family Juncaginaceae. It is found in brackish marshes, freshwater marshes, wet sandy beaches, fens, damp grassland and bogs. It has a circumboreal distribution, occurring throughout the northern Northern Hemisphere. In the British Isles it is common on the coast, but very rare inland.

Sea arrowgrass
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Alismatales
Family: Juncaginaceae
Genus: Triglochin
Species:
T. maritima
Binomial name
Triglochin maritima
Synonyms
  • Triglochin concinna

Description

It is similar to marsh arrowgrass (Triglochin palustris) but has the following differences: it has stolons, is stouter. The leaves are fleshy and not furrowed above. It is not very aromatic. The raceme are more dense and like sea plantain. The flowers are fleshier.[1] The fruits are oval, 4 mm long, 2 mm wide.[2]

It varies in height from 200–750 mm (8–30 in). It flowers in May to August; flowers are greenish, 3 petalled, edged with purple, 3 mm (1⁄8 in) across, in a long spike.[3][4] Common names include seaside arrowgrass,[5] common arrowgrass, sea arrowgrass and shore arrowgrass.

It can be an annual or perennial.[6]

Triglochin concinna is a synonym of this species.[7]

This plant is toxic, as it can produce cyanide. This species has been known to cause losses in cattle, with green leaves being more toxic than dried material.[1]

References
  1. C. Dwight Marsh, A. B. Clawson, and G. C. Roe Jr (1929). Arrow grass as a Stock-Poisoning Plant. United States Department of Agriculture.
  2. Rose, Francis (2006). The Wild Flower Key. Frederick Warne & Co. p. 488. ISBN 978-0-7232-5175-0.
  3. Common Arrow-grass (Triglochin maritima)
  4. Sterry, Paul (2006). Complete British Wild Flowers. HarperCollins Publishers Ltd. p. 188. ISBN 978-0-00-781484-8.
  5. USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Triglochin maritima". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
  6. Phillips, Roger (1994). Wild Flowers of Britain. Macmillan Reference Books. p. 52. ISBN 0-330-25183-X.
  7. "Triglochin maritima in Flora of North America". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 2018-09-22.


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