Samma (tribe)

Samma are a clan of Sindhi Muslim. Samma ruled Sindh, Kutch, Punjab and Baluchistan. Firishta mentioned two groups of zamindars in Sindh namely Sumra and Samma.[1]

Not to be confused with Sama-Bajau peoples, an unrelated ethnic groups in the Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia.
For other uses, see Samma.

Samma are Distributed in Sindh.

History

According to Chachnama, Samma was a branch of tribe.[2] Ala al-Din Khilji (1296-1316) mounted a number of campaigns in the region battling the Sumra princes whose cycle of capitulation/rebellion could be charted exactly to the perceived military stress on the metropole. Yet, the Delhi Sultans and their governor rarely resorted to invading Sumra held territories - relying, instead, on alliances with tribal elite and local power struggles. Against the Sumras, Khiljl advanced the cause of the tribe of Samma. The conflict guaranteed a rolling supply of princes and tribal chiefs wanting alliances with the center. The tussle for dominance between the Sumras and the Samma lasted until the reign of Firuz Shah Tughluq (1351- 1388), when the Jam emirs of Samma were finally able to end Sumra dominance, taking over lower Sindh.[3]

References
  1. Sindh: Land of Hope and Glory. Har-Anand Publications. 2002. p. 112. ISBN 9788124108468. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
  2. Elliot, Henry M. (1867). The History of India, as Told by Its Own Historians: The Muhammadan Period Vol. I - page - 362. Trubner & Co., London.
  3. Ahmed, Manan (2008). The many histories of Muhammad b. Qasim: Narrating the Muslim conquest of Sindh - page - 99. The University of Chicago.

Further reading


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