Russian spelling alphabet
The Russian spelling alphabet is a spelling alphabet (or "phonetic alphabet") for Russian, i.e. a set of names given to the alphabet letters for the purpose of unambiguous verbal spelling. It is used by the Russian army, navy and the police. The large majority of the identifiers are common individual first names, with a handful of ordinary nouns and grammatical identifiers also.
Alphabet
The letter words are as follows:[1]
| Letter | Name | Pronunciation | Romanization | Accepted variant | Pronunciation | Romanization |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| А | Анна | [ˈanːə] | Anna | Антон | [ɐnˈton] | Anton |
| Б | Борис | [bɐˈrʲis] | Boris | |||
| В | Василий | [vɐˈsʲilʲɪj] | Vasily | |||
| Г | Григорий | [ɡrʲɪˈɡorʲɪj] | Gregory | Галина | [ɡɐˈlʲinə] | Galina |
| Д | Дмитрий | [ˈdmʲitrʲɪj] | Dmitri | |||
| Е | Елена[2] | [jɪˈlʲɛnə] | Yelena | |||
| Ё | Ёлка | [ˈjolkə] | Yolka ('spruce') | |||
| Ж | Женя | [ˈʐenʲə] | Zhenya ('Gene') | жук | [ˈʐuk] | zhuk ('beetle') |
| З | Зинаида | [zʲɪnɐˈidə] | Zinaida | Зоя | [ˈzojə] | Zoya |
| И | Иван | [ɪˈvan] | Ivan | |||
| Й | Иван краткий | [ɪˈvan ˈkratkʲɪj] | Ivan kratkiy ('short Ivan') | йот | [ˈjot] | yot ('jot') |
| К | Константин | [kənstɐnʲˈtʲin] | Konstantin | киловатт | [kʲɪlɐˈvat] | kilovatt ('kilowatt') |
| Л | Леонид | [lʲɪɐˈnʲit] | Leonid | |||
| М | Михаил | [mʲɪxɐˈil] | Mikhail | Мария | [mɐˈrʲijə] | Mariya |
| Н | Николай | [nʲɪkɐˈlaj] | Nikolai | |||
| О | Ольга | [ˈolʲɡə] | Olga | |||
| П | Павел | [ˈpavʲɪl] | Pavel | |||
| Р | Роман | [rɐˈman] | Roman | радио | [ˈradʲɪo] | radio |
| С | Семён | [sʲɪˈmʲɵn] | Semyon ('Simon') | Сергей | [sʲɪˈrɡʲej] | Sergei |
| Т | Татьяна | [tɐˈtʲjanə] | Tatyana | Тамара | [tɐˈmarə] | Tamara |
| У | Ульяна | [ʊˈlʲjanə] | Ulyana | |||
| Ф | Фёдор | [ˈfʲɵdər] | Fyodor | |||
| Х | Харитон | [xərʲɪˈton] | Khariton | |||
| Ц | цапля | [ˈtsaplʲə] | tsaplya ('heron') | центр | [ˈtsɛntr] | centr ('center') |
| Ч | человек | [tɕɪlɐˈvʲɛk] | chelovek ('human') | |||
| Ш | Шура | [ˈʂurə] | Shura | |||
| Щ | щука | [ˈɕːukə] | shchuka ('pike') | |||
| Ъ | твёрдый знак | [ˈtvʲɵrdɨj znak] | tvyordiy znak ('hard sign') | |||
| Ы | еры | [jɪˈrɨ] | yery | игрек | [ˈiɡrʲɪk] | i grik ('Greek I') |
| игрек | [ˈiɡrʲɪk] | i grik [in call signs] | ||||
| Ь | мягкий знак | [ˈmʲæxʲkʲɪj znak] | myagkiy znak ('soft sign') | знак | [ˈznak] | znak ('sign') |
| Э | эхо | [ˈɛxə] | echo | Эмма | [ˈɛmə] | Emma |
| Ю | Юрий | [ˈjʉrʲɪj] | Yuri | |||
| Я | Яков | [ˈjakəf] | Yakov | |||
To better distinguish 50 and 60, for the former полсотни polsotni or полста polsta 'half-hundred' is used, and to better distinguish 12 and 13, for the former дюжина dyuzhina 'dozen' is used.
References
- The words for those letters of the Russian alphabet that correspond to letters of the basic Latin alphabet can be found in: Об утверждении федеральных авиационных правил «Порядок осуществления радиосвязи в воздушном пространстве Российской Федерации» (Приказ Минтранса России от 26.09.2012 № 362) (rtf document)
- In the official letter names, no distinction is made between the letters ⟨Е⟩ and ⟨Ё⟩.
- Yuri Baltin. "Russkij Kod Bukva-Slovo (Русский код буква-слово)" (in Russian).
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