List of political parties in Spain
This article lists political parties in Spain.
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Spain has a multi-party system at both the national and regional level. Nationally, there are five dominant political parties: Podemos (left-wing), PSOE (centre-left), Ciudadanos (centre-right), Partido Popular (centre-right to right-wing) and Vox (right-wing to far-right).
The current makeup makes it difficult for any other formation or coalition to achieve an electoral majority in the bicameral Cortes Generales (consisting of both the national Congress of Deputies and regional representation in the Senate). Regional parties can be strong in autonomous communities like Catalonia and the Basque Country and are often essential for national government coalitions.
National political formations of Spain
- Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español, PSOE) — mainstream centre-left social democratic party linked to General Union of Workers (Unión General de Trabajadores, UGT) trade union. Along with its Catalan instance, the Socialists' Party of Catalonia (Partit dels Socialistes de Catalunya, PSC), it currently conforms the largest group in Congress.[1] The party has governed from 1982 to 1996, from 2004 to 2011 and since 2018.
- People's Party (Partido Popular, PP) — mainstream centre-right to right-wing party, that is conservative, Catholic and economically liberal. It has established alliances with regional right-to-centre parties like Asturias Forum (Foro Asturias) and Navarrese People's Union (Unión del Pueblo Navarro, UPN). The People's Party originates from the People's Alliance (Alianza Popular, AP) refoundation in 1989.[2] The party has governed from 1996 to 2004 and from 2011 to 2018.
- Vox — a right-wing to far-right, Spanish nationalist party whose main ideologies are social and national conservatism, economic liberalism and centralism (i.e. strong opposition to Spain's peripheral nationalisms). It defends the restriction of illegal immigration.
- United We Can (Unidas Podemos, UP) — an anti-austerity left-wing electoral alliance led by the leftist 2014-founded party Podemos. The alliance is also formed by the United Left (Izquierda Unida, IU), which is associated with Workers' Commissions (Comisiones Obreras, CCOO) trade union and other left-wing parties that advocate green politics.
- Citizens (Ciudadanos, Cs) — a centre[3] to centre-right[4] liberal party. It supports a high degree of political decentralization, but it rejects autonomous communities' right to self-determination. The party has established electoral alliances with the People's Party in Navarre[5] and in Basque Country.[6]
- More Country (Más País, MP) — a progressive green party originated around the Madrid-based More Madrid (Más Madrid) party in 2019. The party has an electoral alliance with the ecologist Greens Equo (Verdes Equo, Q)[7] party and the left-wing valencianist Commitement (Compromís) coalition.[8]
- Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (Partido Animalista Contra el Maltrato Animal, PACMA) — a centre-left party focused on the fight for animal rights, the environment and social justice. The party seeks to ban all sorts of bullfighting events.
Political parties represented in the Congress of Deputies
| Parties and coalitions | Position | Ideology | Results (November 2019) | Seats in Congress | Seats in Senate | Status | Coalition partners | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) Partido Socialista Obrero Español |
Centre-left | Social democracy, Pro-Europeanism |
6,752,983 votes, 28.00% | 120 / 350 |
114 / 265 |
Government | PSOE (108) PSC (12) | |
 |
People's Party (PP), Partido Popular |
Centre-right to right-wing |
Conservatism, Christian democracy, Monarchism |
5,019,869 votes, 20.82% | 89 / 350 |
100 / 265 |
Opposition | PP (88) FAC (1) | |
 |
Vox (Vox), Vox |
Right-wing to far-right |
Economic liberalism, National conservatism, Spanish nationalism, Right-wing populism |
3,640,063 votes, 15.09% | 52 / 350 |
3 / 265 |
Opposition | ||
 |
United We Can (UP), Unidas Podemos |
Left-wing | Democratic socialism, Left-wing populism, Republicanism, Federalism |
3,097,185 votes, 12.84% | 35 / 350 |
0 / 265 |
Government | Podemos (26) IU (5) Catalunya en Comú (3) Independent (1) | |
 |
Republican Left of Catalonia–Catalonia Yes (ERC–CatSí), Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya–Catalunya Sí |
Centre-left to left-wing |
Catalan separatism, Social democracy |
869,934 votes, 3.61% | 13 / 350 |
14 / 265 |
Confidence and supply | ||
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Citizens (Cs), Ciudadanos |
Centre-right | Constitutional patriotism, Liberalism, Pro-Europeanism |
1,637,540 votes, 6.79% | 10 / 350 |
3 / 265 |
Opposition | ||
 |
Together for Catalonia (JxCat), Junts per Catalunya |
Centre-right | Catalan separatism, Liberalism |
527,375 votes, 2.19% | 8 / 350 |
5 / 265 |
Opposition | ||
| Basque Nationalist Party (PNV), Euzko Alderdi Jeltzalea, Partido Nacionalista Vasco, Parti Nationaliste Basque |
Centre-left to centre-right |
Basque nationalism, Christian democracy |
377,423 votes, 1.57% | 6 / 350 |
10 / 265 |
Confidence and supply | |||
 |
Basque Country Unite (EHB), Euskal Herria Bildu |
Left-wing to far-left |
Basque separatism, Progressivism |
276.519 votes, 1.15% | 5 / 350 |
2 / 265 |
Confidence and supply | Sortu (1) Alternatiba (1) | |
 |
More Country-Equo (MP-EQUO), Más País-Equo |
Left-wing | Green politics, Progressivism |
582,306 votes 2.40% | 3 / 350 |
1 / 265 |
Confidence and supply | MP-Equo (2) Més Compromís (1) | |
 |
Popular Unity Candidacy–For Rupture (CUP–PR), Candidatura d'Unitat Popular |
Left-wing to far-left | Catalan separatism, Anti-capitalism |
246,971 votes, 1.02% | 2 / 350 |
0 / 265 |
Opposition | ||
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Commitment Coalition (Compromis), Coalició Compromis |
Left-wing | Valencian nationalism, Eco-socialism |
173,821 votes, 0.66% | 1 / 350 |
1 / 265 |
Confidence and supply | ||
 |
Canarian Coalition (CC–PNC), Coalición Canaria |
Centre to centre-right |
Canarian nationalism, Conservatism |
137,664 votes, 0.53% | 2 / 350 |
1 / 265 |
Opposition | ||
 |
Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG), Bloque Nacionalista Gallego |
Left-wing | Galician separatism, Socialism |
120,456 votes 0.5% | 1 / 350 |
0 / 265 |
Opposition | ||
 |
Sum Navarre (NA+), Navarra Suma |
Centre-right to right-wing |
Regionalism, Christian democracy, Conservatism |
107,619 votes, 0.41% | 2 / 350 |
1 / 265 |
Opposition | UPN (2) | |
| Regionalist Party of Cantabria (PRC), Partido Regionalista de Cantabria |
Centre to centre-left |
Progressivism, Cantabrian regionalism |
52,266 votes, 0.20% | 1 / 350 |
1 / 265 |
Confidence and supply | |||
| Teruel Exists (TE), ¡Teruel existe! |
Big tent | Regionalism, | 246,971 votes, 0.08% | 1 / 350 |
2 / 265 |
Confidence and supply | |||
Other political parties represented in regional parliaments
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Political parties without any representation
- Animalist Party Against Mistreatment to Animals (2003–present)
- Falange Española de las JONS (1976–present)
- Libertarian Party (2009–present)
- Escaños en Blanco [es] (2010–present)
- National Alliance (2006–present)
- For a Fairer World (PM+J) (2004–present)
- Humanist Party (1984–present)
- Carlist Party (1970–present)
- Comunión Tradicionalista Carlista [es] (1986–present)
- Pirate Party (2006–present)
- Internet Party (2009–present)
- Falange Auténtica (2002–present)
- Confederation of the Greens (1984–present)
- Anticapitalistas (1995–present)
- Land Party (2011–present)
- Overwhelmed and Annoyed Citizens
- Citizens for Blank Votes
- Cannabis Party
- Party of the Democratic Karma
- Por una Europa de los Trabajadores y los Pueblos – No a la Constitucion Europea - coalition of PCPE and LI-LIT.CI
- Unión Centrista Liberal
- Alianza para el Desarrollo y la Naturaleza
- Coalición Europea
- Coalición Liberal – European Liberal, Democrat and Reform Party
- Iniciativa Socialista de Izquierdas
- Los Parados
- Los Verdes Ecopacifistas
- Lucha Internacionalista
- Nueva Izquierda Verde
- Nuevo Partido por la Democracia[10][11]
- Socialist Action Party (PASOC)
- Partido Familia y Vida
- Actúa (2017–present)
- Partido de los Autónomos Jubilados y Viudas
- Partido Ibérico
- Partido Mutuo Apoyo Romántico
- Solidaridad y Autogestión Internacionalista (SAIn)
- Foro Centro y Democracia (CYD)
- Partido Obrero Socialista Internacionalista
- Muerte al Sistema (+MAS+)[12]
- SOMOS España
- Volt Spain (2018–present)
Communist parties
- Communist Unification of Spain (1973–present)
- Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) (1973–present)
- Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) (1984–present)
- Communist Party of Spain (Marxist-Leninist) (2006–present)
- Revolutionary Left (2017–present)
- Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) (2019–present)
Nationalist parties
- National Democracy (1995–present)
- España 2000 (2002–present)
- Spanish Alternative (2003–present)
- Party for Freedom (2013–present)
Andalusia
- Partido Regionalista por Andalucía Oriental (PRAO) [es]
Asturias
- Partíu Asturianista (1985–present)
- Andecha Astur (1990–present)
- Asturian Left (1992–present)
- Unidad Regionalista Asturiana
- Bloc for Asturias
- Coalición Asturiana
- Unidá
Basque Country
- Zutik
- Zornotza Eginez (local)
Cantabria
- Cantabrian Nationalist Council (1995–present)
Castile and León
- Partido de El Bierzo (1979–present)
- Partido Regionalista del País Leonés (1980–present)
- Unidad Regionalista de Castilla y León (1992–present)
- Izquierda Castellana (2002–present)
- Agrupación de Electores Independientes Zamoranos
- Partido de Castilla y León (PCAL) [es]
Catalonia
- Estat Català (1922–present)
- Pirate Party of Catalonia (Pirata.cat)
Extremadura
- United Extremadura (1980–present)
Galicia
- Galician People's Front (1986–present)
Navarre
- Batzarre (1987–present)
Defunct parties
Defunct major parties
- Popular Socialist Party (1968–1978)
- National Union (1979–1982)
- Popular Alliance, refounded as People's Party (1976–1989)
- Liberal Party, absorbed into the People's Party (1976–1989)
- Popular Democratic Party, absorbed into the People's Party (1982–1989)
- Union of the Democratic Centre (1977–1983), refounded as Democratic and Social Centre (1982–2006) (merged into PP)
- Euskadiko Ezkerra, absorbed into Socialist Party of the Basque Country (1977–1993)
- Majorca Socialist Party, absorbed into PSM–Nationalist Agreement
- Democratic Reformist Party (1983–1986)
- Valencian Union (1982–2014)
- Andalusian Party (1965–2015)
- Herri Batasuna (1978–2001), refounded as Batasuna (2001–2013), the political branch of ETA, illegal
- Euskal Herritarrok (1998–2003), banned
- Communist Party of the Basque Homelands (2002–2008), outlawed
- Convergence and Union (1978–2015)
- Aralar (2000–2017)
- Nafarroa Bai (2004–2015)
- Amaiur (2011–2015)
- Platform for Catalonia (2002–2019) (merged into Vox)
- Union, Progress and Democracy (2007–2020) (merged into Cs)
Defunct minor parties
- National Alliance July 18 (1977)
- Spanish Solidarity (1982–1984)
- Republican Social Movement (1999–2018)
- Basque Nationalist Action (1930-2008), outlawed
- Askatasuna (1998–2009), banned
- Herritarren Zerrenda (2004), banned
- Demokrazia Hiru Milioi (2009), outlawed
- Partido Galeguista (1977–1984)
- Galician Coalition (1983–2012)
- Commoners' Land (1988–2009)
- Alianza por la Unidad Nacional (1995–2005) (Merged into National Alliance)
- Spanish Democratic Party (1996–2008)
- Nós–Unidade Popular (2001–2015)
- Cantabrian Unity (2002–2011)
- Union of the Salamancan People (2002–2014)
- Another Democracy is Possible (2003–2006)
- National Front (2006–2011)
Historic parties
Reign of Isabella II
- Moderate Party (1834–1874)
- Progressive Party (1834–1874)
- Democratic Party (1849–1869)
- Liberal Union (1858–1874)
Sexenio Democrático
- Moderate Party (1834–1874)
- Progressive Party (1834–1874)
- Democratic Party (1849–1869)
- Liberal Union (1858–1874)
- Traditionalist Communion (1869–1937)
- Radical Democratic Party (1871–1880)
- Federal Democratic Republican Party (1868–1912)
- Constitutional Party (1872–1880)
Bourbon restoration
- Conservative Party (1876–1931)
- Liberal Party (1880–1931)
- Traditionalist Communion (1869–1937)
- Regionalist League of Catalonia (1901–1936)
- Republican Nationalist Federal Union (1910–1917)
- Republican–Socialist Conjunction (1909–1919)
- Maurist Party (1913–1930)
- Reformist Party (1912–1924)
- Radical Republican Party (1908–1936)
- Spanish Patriotic Union (1924–1930)
Second Spanish Republic
- National Front
- Confederación Española de Derechas Autónomas (1933–1937)
- Popular Action (1930–1933)
- Spanish Agrarian Party (1934–1936)
- Spanish Nationalist Party (1930–1936)
- Spanish Renovation (1933–1937)
- Traditionalist Communion (1869–1937)
- Confederación Española de Derechas Autónomas (1933–1937)
- Popular Front
- Republican Left (1934–1959)
- Republican Union (1934–1958)
- Syndicalist Party (1934–1976)
- Workers' Party of Marxist Unification (1935–1980)
- Radical Republican Party (1908–1936)
- Falange Española de las JONS (1934–1937)
- Falange Española (1933–1934)
- Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista (1931–1934)
- Regionalist League of Catalonia (1901–1936)
- Radical Socialist Republican Party (1929–1934)
- Liberal Republican Right (1930–1936)
- Republican Action (1925–1934)
- Conservative Republican Party (1932–1936)
- Party of the Democratic Centre (1936–1939)
Francoist Spain
- Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista (1937–1977)
- Falange Española de las JONS (1934–1937)
- Traditionalist Communion (1869–1937)
See also
- Politics of Spain
- List of political parties by country
- List of political parties in Catalonia
- List of political parties in Galicia
- Liberalism and radicalism in Spain
- Republicanism in Spain
- Anarchism in Spain
- The far-right in Spain
- Federalism in Spain
- Parties and factions in Isabelline Spain
- List of registered political parties in Spain by geographic location
References
- "Composición - Congreso de los Diputados". www.congreso.es. Retrieved 2021-08-17.
- País, El (1989-01-20). "Fraga se empleó a fondo para lograr que el congreso de AP cambie el nombre del partido". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2021-08-17.
- "Rivera: Ciudadanos ha demostrado que "el centro político existe" y será "fundamental en la nueva Transición". Diario de Noticias de Navarra". www.noticiasdenavarra.com. Archived from the original on 2015-12-22. Retrieved 2018-02-18.
- "Catalonia election: full results". The Guardian.
- "Navarra ensaya el gran pacto electoral: UPN, PP y Ciudadanos concurrirán juntos a las generales". abc (in Spanish). 2019-03-10. Retrieved 2021-08-18.
- Press, Europa (2020-02-20). "Ciudadanos pacta con el PP ocupar el segundo puesto de las listas por Álava y Vizcaya en las elecciones vascas". www.europapress.es. Retrieved 2021-08-18.
- Marcos, Ana (2019-09-26). "Más País y Equo llegan a un preacuerdo para presentarse en diez provincias". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2021-08-17.
- Press, Europa (2019-09-30). "Registrada Més Compromís, la coalición de Más País y Compromís par la Comunidad Valenciana". www.europapress.es. Retrieved 2021-08-17.
- "El catalán de la Franja se denominará 'lapao' en Aragón". La Vanguardia. May 6, 2013.
- "La entrevista: 'Somos un ejemplo para los jóvenes'". Pinares Noticias (in Spanish). June 17, 2014. Retrieved June 27, 2014.
- Antón, B. (June 11, 2014). "La vocación por bandera". Diario de Burgos (in Spanish). Retrieved June 27, 2014.
- Press, Europa (2019-04-29). "Resultados elecciones generales 2019 - Muerte al Sistema, el Partido RISA y Unión de Todos: estos son los partidos menos votados el 28-A". Vozpópuli (in European Spanish). Retrieved 2019-04-30.
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