Bokar language

Bokar or Bokar-Ramo(IPA: [bɔk˭ar ɡɔm]; pinyin: Bogar Luoba) is a Tani language spoken by the Lhoba in West Siang district, Arunachal Pradesh, India (Megu 1990) and Nanyi Township 南伊珞巴民族乡, Mainling County, Tibet Autonomous Region, China (Ouyang 1985).

Bokar
Bokar-Ramo
RegionArunachal Pradesh, Tibet
EthnicityLhoba
Sino-Tibetan
  • Tani
    • Eastern Tani
      • Bokar
Dialects
  • Bokar
  • Ramo
Language codes
ISO 639-3None (mis)
Glottologboka1249
ELP

The Ramo dialect is spoken in Mechukha Subdivision and Monigong Circle (Badu 2004).

Phonology

Consonants
Labial Alveolar (Alveolo-)
palatal		 Velar Glottal
plain pal.
Plosive voiceless p pʲ t k
voiced b bʲ d ɡ
Affricate voiceless tɕ
voiced dʑ
Fricative (s) ɕ h, (ɦ)
Nasal m mʲ n ɲ ŋ
Trill r
Approximant w l j
  • The pronunciation of /ɕ/ may vary between [ɕ] and [s] among different dialects.
  • Some speakers may also pronounce /tɕ/ as [ts] when preceding vowels other than /i/.
  • /h/ can be realized as either voiced [ɦ] or [h], when preceding /i/.
  • Stops /p t k/ are heard as unreleased [p̚ t̚ k̚] in word-coda position.
  • A retroflex affricate /tʂ/ can also occur only from Tibetan loanwords.[1][2]

Vowels
Front Central Back
Close i (ɨ) ɯ u
Mid e ə o
Open a
  • /ɯ/ can also be heard as more central [ɨ].[3]
  • /o/ is heard as more open and nasalized before /ŋ/ as [ɔ̃ŋ].

Writing system

Bokar is written in the Latin script in India and the Tibetan script in China.[4]

References
  1. Sun, Tianshin (1993). A Historical-comparative Study of the Tani (Mirish) Branch in Tibeto-Burman. p. 495.
  2. Ouyang, Jueya (1985). Luobazu yuyan jian zhi (Beng ni - Bo ga er yu) [珞巴族 语言 简 志 (崩 尼 - 博 嘎 尔 语)]. Minzu chubanshe [民族出版社].
  3. Megu, Shri Arak (1990). Bokar Language Guide. Itanagar: Directorate of Research, Government of Arunachal Pradesh.
  4. http://scriptsource.org/cms/scripts/page.php?item_id=language_detail&key=adi
  • Badu, Tapoli. 2004. Ramo language guide. Itanagar: Directorate of Research, Government of Arunachal Pradesh.
  • Ouyang, Jueya. 1985. Luobazu Yuyan Jianzhi (Bengni-Boga'eryu) [Brief Description of the Luoba Nationality Language (The Bengni-Bokar Language)]. Beijing: Minzu Chubanshe.


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