Niwar (cotton tape)

Niwar (newar, niwar, nivar) is a kind of coarse cotton tape used to form the web of a charpai (a bed base).

Niwar was, like many tapes and strings, originally a products of handloom industry. These products were partly manufactured in jails of the Punjab region during the 19th century.[1][2][3][4][5] In the 21st century niwar is produced by machines, and is made from both cotton and synthetic materials.[6] Besides charpais, niwar is used in many furniture items of wood and metal, such as folding beds.[7]

Niwar is traded with a HS code.[8]

See also

Charpai

References
  1. Baden-Powell, Baden Henry (1872). Hand-book of the Manufactures & Arts of the Punjab: With a Combined Glossary & Index of Vernacular Trades & Technical Terms ... Forming Vol. Ii to the "Hand-book of the Economic Products of the Punjab" Prepared Under the Orders of Government. Punjab printing Company. p. 12.
  2. Tandon, Prakash (1968). Punjabi Century, 1857-1947. University of California Press. p. 20. ISBN 978-0-520-01253-0.
  3. Jamart, Susan Corinne (1978). Charpai: Indian Cot Filling, a Visual and Technical Documentation. University of California, Berkeley.
  4. Ibn Batuta, 1304-1377. (2003). The travels of Ibn Battutah. Mackintosh-Smith, Tim, 1961- (Paperback ed.). London. ISBN 0-330-41879-3. OCLC 308750311.
  5. Directory of Pakistan Exporters. Export Information and Advisory Centre, Export Promotion Bureau, Government of Pakistan. 1975. p. 217.
  6. "Niwar Tape in Uttar pradesh - Manufacturers and Suppliers India". www.exportersindia.com. Retrieved 2021-02-02.
  7. "Export Data and Price of NIWAR | Zauba". www.zauba.com. Retrieved 2021-02-02.
  8. "Niwar HS Codes | HS Code of Niwar Import Export Classification". www.seair.co.in. Retrieved 2021-02-02.
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