Nadia district

Nadia (pronounced [nɔd̪iːaː]) is a district in the state of West Bengal, India. It borders Bangladesh to the east, North 24 Parganas and Hooghly districts to the south, Purba Bardhaman to the west, and Murshidabad to the north.

Nadia
District of West Bengal
Clockwise from top-left: Mayapur ISKCON temple, Memorial to the Bengali commanders at Palashi, Jalangi river near Palashipara, Ferry Ghat at Mayapur, Somaj Bari Temple in Nabadwip
Location in West Bengal
Country India
State West Bengal
Division Presidency
HeadquartersKrishnanagar
Government
 • Lok Sabha constituenciesKrishnanagar, Ranaghat Some of area covered with Bangaon, North part is in Murshidabad Lok Shaba.
 • Vidhan Sabha constituenciesKarimpur, Tehatta, Palashipara, Kaliganj, Nakashipara, Chapra, Krishnanagar Uttar, Nabadwip, Krishnanagar Dakshin, Santipur, Ranaghat Uttar Paschim, Krishnaganj, Ranaghat Uttar Purba, Ranaghat Dakshin, Chakdaha, Kalyani, Haringhata
Area
 • Total3,927 km2 (1,516 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total5,167,601
 • Density1,300/km2 (3,400/sq mi)
 • Urban
979,519
Demographics
 • Literacy75.58 per cent[1]
 • Sex ratio947
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Major highwaysNH 12 State Highway 11
Websitenadia.gov.in

History

Nabadwip, an ancient town within Nadia district, is often referred to as “Oxford of Bengal".[2] Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (b.1486–d.1534) was born in Nabadwip.[3] One of the Indian schools of logic (Tarka sastra) called Navya Nyaya system was developed in Nabadwip, which produced great logicians in the 15th century. Nabadwip was an important seat of political power and the capital of Bengal under Ballal Sen and later Lakshman Sen, kings of the Sena Empire, who ruled from 1159 to 1206.[3] In 1202, Nabadwip was captured by Bakhtiyar Khilji. This victory paved the way for Muslim rule in Bengal.[4] The British defeated Siraj ud-Daulah, Nawab of Bengal, at Palashi in this district. The 1859 revolt against European Indigo planters started from the village of Chaugacha in Krishnanagar, Nadia.[5] Nadia is thought to have had trade relations with Tibet, Nepal and Bhutan.[6]

Pre-independece Nadia had five subdivisions-Krishnagar sadar, Ranaghat, Kushtia, Meherpur and Chuadanga. Due to some cartographic error in 1947, large part of Nadia except Nabadwip initially were included into East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). Due to protests rectification was made and on the night of August 17, 1947, Ranaghat, Krishnanagar, Shikarpur in Karimpur and Plassey were placed in India. Since then some parts of this district have been celebrating Independence day on August 17 and August 18.[7][8][9]

Demographics
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901771,672—    
1911774,459+0.04%
1921710,455−0.86%
1931720,944+0.15%
1941839,308+1.53%
19511,142,686+3.13%
19611,711,830+4.12%
19712,223,911+2.65%
19812,964,253+2.92%
19913,852,097+2.65%
20014,604,827+1.80%
20115,167,600+1.16%
source:[10]

According to the 2011 census Nadia district has a population of 5,167,600,[11] roughly equal to the US state of Colorado.[12] This gives it a ranking of 18th in India (out of a total of 640).[11] The district has a population density of 1,316 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,410/sq mi) .[11] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 12.24%.[11] Nadia has a sex ratio of 947 females for every 1000 males,[11] and a literacy rate of 75.58%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 29.93% and 2.72% of the population respectively.[11]

See also: List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate

As per the 2011 Census, Hinduism is the majority religion of the district, followed by 72.15% of the population. It is followed by Islam (26.76%) and Christianity (0.65%).[11]

Religion in Nadia district>"C-1 Population By Religious Community". Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.

  Hindus (72.15%)
  Muslims (21.76%)
  Christians (5.65%)
  Other or not stated (0.44%)

Languages of Nadia District (2011).[13][14]

  Bengali (98.02%)
  Others (1.98%)

Bengali is spoken by the entirety of the population. Small minorities of Hindi and Sadri speakers can also be found in the district.

Governance

District Administration

The District of Nadia has its headquarter at Krishnanagar town. The British district of Nadia was formed in 1787. The present district of Nadia after partition was formed by Notification No.545-GA dated 23 February 1948. The District Administration is headed by the District Magistrate & District Collector, Nadia.

Administrative subdivisions

The district comprises four subdivisions: Krishnanagar Sadar, Kalyani, Ranaghat and Tehatta. Krishnanagar Sadar subdivision consists of Krishnanagar municipality, Nabadwip municipality and seven community development blocks: Kaliganj, Nakashipara, Chapra, Krishnanagar–I, Krishnanagar–II, Nabadwip and Krishnaganj. Kalyani subdivision consists of Chakdaha municipality, Haringhata municipality, Gayespur municipality, Kalyani municipality and 3 community development blocks: Kalyani, Chakdaha and Haringhata. Ranaghat subdivision consists of Shantipur municipality, Ranaghat municipality, Birnagar municipality, Taherpur notified area, Cooper's Camp notified area and four community development blocks: Hanskhali, Shantipur, Ranaghat–I and Ranaghat–II. Tehatta subdivision consists of four community development blocks: Karimpur–I, Karimpur–II, Tehatta–I and Tehatta–II.[15] Krishnanagar is the district headquarters. There are 19 police stations, 2 women's and 1 cyber crime police stations, 17 community development blocks, 11 municipalities, 187 gram panchayats (3114 sets) and 2639 villages in this district.[15][16]

Other than municipality area, each subdivision contains community development blocks which in turn are divided into rural areas and census towns. In total there are 26 urban units: 9 municipalities and 15 census towns and two notified areas.[17] Ranaghat, Aistala, Satigachha, Nasra and Cooper's Camp together forms Ranaghat urban agglomeration. Nabadwip, Char Maijdia and Char Brahmanagar forms Nabadwip UA. Chakdaha, Gopalpur and Parbbatipur forms Chakdaha UA. Krishnanagar and Badkulla together forms Krishnanagar UA. Birnagar, Phulia and Taherpur together forms Birnagar UA.

Krishnanagar Sadar subdivision

Kalyani subdivision

Ranaghat subdivision

Tehatta subdivision

Assembly constituencies

The district is divided into 17 assembly constituencies:[18]

  1. Karimpur (assembly constituency no. 77),
  2. Tehatta (assembly constituency no. 78),
  3. Palashipara (assembly constituency no. 79),
  4. Kaliganj (assembly constituency no. 80),
  5. Nakshipara (assembly constituency no. 81),
  6. Chapra (assembly constituency no. 82),
  7. Krishnanagar Uttar (assembly constituency no. 83),
  8. Nabadwip (assembly constituency no. 84),
  9. Krishnanagar Dakshin (assembly constituency no. 85),
  10. Santipur (assembly constituency no. 86),
  11. Ranaghat Uttar Paschim (assembly constituency no. 87),
  12. Krishnaganj (SC) (assembly constituency no. 88),
  13. Ranaghat Uttar Purba (SC) (assembly constituency no. 89),
  14. Ranaghat Dakshin (SC) (assembly constituency no. 90),
  15. Chakdaha (assembly constituency no. 91),
  16. Kalyani (SC) (assembly constituency no. 92) and
  17. Haringhata (SC) (assembly constituency no. 93).

Krishnaganj, Ranaghat Dakshin, Kalyani, Haringhata, Ranaghat Uttar Purba and Kaliganj constituencies are reserved for Scheduled Castes (SC) candidates. Along with six assembly constituencies from Murshidabad district, Karimpur assembly constituency forms the Murshidabad (Lok Sabha constituency). Palashipara, Nakashipara, Kaliganj, Chapra, Krishnaganj, Krishnanagar East and Krishnanagar West constituencies form the Krishnagar (Lok Sabha constituency). Nabadwip, Shantipur, Hanskhali, Ranaghat East, Ranaghat West, Chakdaha and Haringhata assembly constituencies form the Nabadwip (Lok Sabha constituency), which is reserved for Scheduled Castes (SC) candidates.

Impact of delimitation of constituencies

As per order of the Delimitation Commission in respect of the delimitation of constituencies in the West Bengal, the district will be divided into 17 assembly constituencies:[19]

Sl. No.Assembly NameReservationConstituency no.
1KarimpurN/A77
2Tehatta78
3Palashipara79
4Kaliganj80
5Nakshipara81
6Chapra82
7Krishnanagar Uttar83
8Nabadwip84
9Krishnanagar Dakshin85
10Santipur86
11Ranaghat Uttar Paschim87
12KrishnaganjSC88
13Ranaghat Uttar PurbaSC89
14Ranaghat DakshinSC90
15ChakdahaN/A91
16KalyaniSC92
17HaringhataSC93

Flora and fauna

In 1980, Nadia district became home to the Bethuadahari Wildlife Sanctuary, which has an area of 0.7 km2 (0.3 sq mi).[20]

Education

University

College

Private College

Transport

Rail

Notable people

References
  1. "District-specific Literates and Literacy Rates, 2001". Registrar General, India, Ministry of Home Affairs. Retrieved 10 October 2010.
  2. Cotton, H.E.A., Calcutta Old and New, 1909/1980, p1, General Printers and Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
  3. Official district website
  4. Tourist Department Archived 9 February 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  5. Bhattacharya, Subhas (July 1977). "The Indigo Revolt of Bengal". Social Scientist. 5 (60): 17. JSTOR 3516809.
  6. "Rich in History and Tradition Kushtia Previous Name Nadia". 13 February 2018. Retrieved 26 August 2018.
  7. "District-level map of Bengal indicating the Radcliffe line and the expected border according to majority religious demographics".
  8. "Nadia keeps a date with history | Kolkata News - Times of India". The Times of India. TNN. 19 August 2011. Retrieved 21 February 2022.
  9. "In West Bengal, some villages celebrate Independence Day after August 15; here's why". The Indian Express. 16 August 2019. Retrieved 21 February 2022.
  10. Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  11. "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
  12. "2010 Resident Population Data". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Colorado 5,029,196
  13. "Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India".
  14. "DISTRIBUTION OF THE 22 SCHEDULED LANGUAGES-INDIA/STATES/UNION TERRITORIES - 2011 CENSUS" (PDF).
  15. "Directory of District, Sub division, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal, March 2008". West Bengal. National Informatics Centre, India. 19 March 2008. Archived from the original on 25 February 2009. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
  16. "District Profile". Official website of the Nadia district. Archived from the original on 17 January 2009. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
  17. "Population, Decadal Growth Rate, Density and General Sex Ratio by Residence and Sex, West Bengal/ District/ Sub District, 1991 and 2001". West Bengal. Directorate of census operations. Retrieved 12 November 2008.
  18. "General election to the Legislative Assembly, 2001 – List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies" (PDF). West Bengal. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 May 2006. Retrieved 22 November 2008.
  19. "Press Note, Delimitation Commission" (PDF). Assembly Constituencies in West Bengal. Delimitation Commission. Retrieved 22 November 2008.
  20. Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment. "Protected areas: West Bengal". Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2011.
  21. Eastern Railway time table.
  22. "Mountain man".

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