Muhammad Bin Al-Qasim al-Qundusi

Muhammad Bin Al-Qāsim al-Qundūsi ( Arabic: محمد بن القاسم القندوسي; died 1861) was a Sufi calligrapher and scholar who was born in Qanaadasa in 1790 in southwest Algeria.[1][2][3]

Muhammad Bin Al-Qasim al-Qundusi
محمد بن القاسم القندوسي
A Basmala by al-Qundūsi.
Born1790
Kénadsa, southwest Algeria
Died1861 (aged 70–71)
Known forCalligraphy

Biography
Qanaadasa, Algeria, Muhammad al-Qundusi's birthplace.

Al-Qundusi was born in Qanaadasa in 1790 in southwest Algeria.[1][2] In 1828, he migrated to Fes, where he lived and had a hanout in the herb market, in which he sold herbs.[4]

He lived in relative obscurity, though those who knew him described him as gnostic, saintly, esoterically knowledgeable, and spiritually insightful.[5]

He wrote many books transcribed a number of dawawin, or collected works. He conferred upon the Moroccan Alawite Sultan Suleiman a degree in knowledge of Dala'il al-Khayrat, a seminal Sufi text composed by Muhammad al-Jazuli.[6] al-Qundusi passed away in 1861.[2][7]

Calligraphy
A composition of the name Allah by al-Qundusi diplayed at the Zawiya of Moulay Idris II in Fes.[8]

He was a talented calligrapher, specializing in a flamboyant style of the Maghrebi script that he innovated. He also wrote a copy of the Quran in 12 volumes which he finished on September 7–8, 1850, and which is kept in al-Khizāna al-Ḥassania.[9]

He drew the name of Allah in the Zawiya of Idriss II in Fes.[10]

Religious views

He was a Sufi associated with the Qadiri and Nasiri orders.[11]

Works

His works include:

  • التأسيس في مساوي الدنيا ومهاوي إبليس.[12] completed 1838[13]
  • البوارق الأحمدية في الحركة والسكونية
  • الصلاة الوافية من الأحوال الظلمانية
  • التلوين والتمكين في مطلع الصلاة على صاحب الوحي المبين completed 1852
  • The Drink of the People of Purity in Prayers upon the Chosen Prophet[14] (or شراب أهل الصفا في الصلاة على النبي المصطفى), also known as طريق المعراج إلى حضرة صاحب التاج completed 1838
  • The Grand Elixir of Invocations سيف العناية لمريد الكفاية
    • تقاييد في الاسم اللطيف[15]
    • مختصر في أسماء الله الحسنى[15]

Legacy

Most of his works are now kept at the national library in Rabat.[16]

His works inspired a typeface called Qandus,[17] which was designed by Kristyan Sarkis of TPTQ Arabic, and won the Type Directors Club's 2017 Typeface Design Award.[18]

References
  1. Pierre Joris, Habib Tengour (1995). Poems for the Millennium, Volume Four The University of California Book of North African Literature. Univ of California Press. p. 265. ISBN 978-0-520-26913-2.
  2. الأعلام - ج 7 - محمد بن قاسم - نافع بن الحارث (in Arabic). IslamKotob. Archived from the original on 2019-12-20. Retrieved 2019-12-20.
  3. رحلة العياشي الحجية الصغرى الموسومة بـ (تعداد المنازل الحجازية) أو (التعريف والإيجاز) (in Arabic). Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. 2013. p. 111. {{cite book}}: |first= missing |last= (help)
  4. IslamKotob. الشرب المحضر والسر المنتظر من معين أهل القرن الثالث عشر (in Arabic). IslamKotob.
  5. "Muhammad al-Qandusi". Awliya Map. Retrieved 2019-12-21.
  6. أبي عبد الله محمد بن (2015-01-01). طريق المعراج إلى حضرة صاحب التاج (in Arabic). Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. ISBN 978-2-7451-7515-1. Archived from the original on 2019-12-20. Retrieved 2019-12-20.
  7. البهنسي, عفيف (1995 م). معجم مصطلحات الخط العربي والخطاطين (الأولى ed.). بيروت: مكتبة لبنان ناشرون. p. 123. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  8. افا, عمر (2007). الخط المغربي تاريخ وواقع وآفاق. وزارة الاوقاف والشؤون الاسلامية. ISBN 9981-59-129-7. OCLC 784578845.
  9. الأعلام - خير الدين الزركلي - ج 7 - الصفحة 9
  10. أبي عبد الله محمد بن (2015-01-01). طريق المعراج إلى حضرة صاحب التاج (in Arabic). Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. ISBN 978-2-7451-7515-1. Archived from the original on 2019-12-20. Retrieved 2019-12-20.
  11. "The Grand Elixir of Invocations". www.goodreads.com. Retrieved 2020-06-13.
  12. الأعلام - ج 7 - محمد بن قاسم - نافع بن الحارث. IslamKotob. Archived from the original on 2019-12-20. Retrieved 2019-12-20.
  13. طريق المعراج إلى حضرة صاحب التاج. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. 2015-01-01. ISBN 978-2-7451-7515-1. Archived from the original on 2019-12-20. Retrieved 2019-12-20.
  14. al-Qandusi, Muhammad Bin al-Qasim (2014). The Drink of the People of Purity. Muhammadan Press. ISBN 978-9810904135.
  15. طريق المعراج إلى حضرة صاحب التاج. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. 2015-01-01. ISBN 978-2-7451-7515-1. Archived from the original on 2019-12-20. Retrieved 2019-12-20.
  16. Habib., Joris, Pierre. Tengour (2012). Poems for the millennium : the University of California book of North African literature. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-95379-6. OCLC 879553614.
  17. "Qandus – Laura Meseguer". Retrieved 2019-12-20.
  18. "Typeface Design 2017". Retrieved 2019-12-20.
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