Master's degree (France)

In the French education system, a master's degree is both a national higher education diploma and a university degree. The diplôme national de master or DNM is delivered by an academic institution, usually a university, two years after obtaining a Licence (French equivalent of a Bachelor's degree, worth 300 ECTS). It confers the degree of the same name. A grade de master (master's degree) may also be awarded by non-university institutions such as engineering schools.

The name "master" is inspired by the master's degree, i.e. the master's degree in Anglo-Saxon university systems.

History

During the existence of the Université de France, three degrees were established: the Baccalauréat, Licence and Doctorate. This gradation was forgotten over time.

Created in 1966, the master's degree is awarded at the end of the second cycle of university graduate studies. Students holding a master's degree can then pursue studies in a third cycle leading either to a one-year specialized higher education diploma (created in 1977), in order to "acquire in-depth knowledge in specific areas complementary to the training provided in the second cycle and to acquire techniques designed to promote the exercise of a specific type of activity", or at the doctorate level after one year of in-depth teaching and an introductory research internship leading to the diplôme d'études approfondies (created in 1964 in science and 1974 in other disciplines), usually followed by three years of research leading to the writing of a thesis.

National master's degree

Objectives

The second cycle combines general education and vocational training, and should enable students to complete their knowledge, deepen their culture, and introduce them to scientific research.[1] The training provided for the national master's degree includes theoretical, methodological, and applied teaching and necessarily includes one or more periods of professional experience (internships, contracts, civic service, etc.). It also includes an introduction to research, particularly the writing of a dissertation or other personal study work. The master's degree also validates the ability to master at least one foreign language.

In 2010, master's degrees designed to train teachers (primary and secondary school teachers, documentalist teachers and senior education advisers before taking the competitive examination) started making their appearance.[2]

Fields and mentions
Diplôme de master en histoire (2010)

Since the LMD reform, master's degrees have been classified into fields and mentions. The fields are chosen by each university, first freely (from 2003-2006) and then, from 2007, from a list of four national fields, which was fixed by the national training framework in 2014.

  • Arts, humanities, and languages (Arts, lettres, langues)
  • Law, economy, and management (Droit, économie, gestion)
  • Human and social sciences (Sciences humaines et sociales)
  • Science, technology, and health (Sciences, technologies, santé)

Master's degree

Diplomas leading to a master's degree

The master's degree is conferred by the State to holders of the national master's degree, as well as to holders of certain specific degrees

The master's degree is also conferred by the State on holders of diplomas from certain establishments, after a periodic national evaluation. A specification defining the criteria taken into account when examining a request for a diploma to confer the university degree of master is published in 2014[3] and updated in 2020.[4]

References
  1. "Code de l'éducation - Article L612-5". LegiFrance. Retrieved 13 April 2020.
  2. "BULLETIN OFFICIEL N° 1 DU 7 JANVIER 2010". Retrieved 13 April 2020.
  3. "Arrêté du 22 janvier 2014 relatif au cahier des charges des grades universitaires de licence et de master". Retrieved 13 April 2020.
  4. "Arrêté du 27 janvier 2020 relatif au cahier des charges des grades universitaires de licence et de master". Retrieved 13 April 2020.
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