Mandelin reagent

The Mandelin reagent is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify alkaloids as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of ammonium metavanadate and concentrated sulfuric acid. Its primary use is for the detection of ketamine and PMA[1] Unlike the most common reagent test chemicals, it has a very strong yellow colour prior to being reacted with the unknown substance for testing. The colour of the reagent itself forms within about 48 hours of mixing and is important to factor into the colour-change-based testing method, as not all colour tables take care to start Mandelin results from this non-neutral yellow base hue.[2]

The United States Department of Justice method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 0.5[3]-1 g of Ammonium metavanadate.[4]

This reagent was invented by the German pharmacologist, Karl Friedrich Mandelin (1854–1906) at the University of Dorpat.

Final colors produced by Mandelin Reagent with various substances[4]
Substance Color
2C-T-7Wine dark to Black[5]
AcetaminophenModerate olive
BenzphetamineBrilliant yellow green
ChlorpromazineDark olive
CocaineDeep orange yellow
CodeineDark olive
d-AmphetamineModerate bluish green
d-MethamphetamineDark yellowish green
Diacetylmorphine (Heroin)Moderate reddish brown
DimethoxymethamphetamineDark olive brown
DoxepinVery reddish brown
DristanGreyish olive
ExedrineDark olive
KetamineDeep reddish orange[1]
MaceModerate olive green
MDABluish black[6]
MDMABluish black[6]
MescalineDark yellowish brown
MethadoneDark greyish blue
MethaqualoneVery orange yellow
MethylphenidateBrilliant orange yellow
MorphineDark greyish reddish brown
OpiumOlive black
OxycodoneDark greenish yellow
ProcaineDeep orange
PropoxypheneDark reddish brown
PsilocybinGreen [7]
Paramethoxyamphetamine (PMA)Reddish brown [1]
Paramethoxymethamphetamine (PMMA)Reddish brown [1]
Salt (NaCl-HCl)Strong orange

See also

References
  1. "Mandelin EZ Testing Kit". EZ Test. Retrieved 2012-01-27.
  2. "Reagent Tests UK - Mandelin reagent". Reagent Tests UK. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
  3. Poe, Charles F.; O'Day, David W. (2006). "A study of Mandelin's test for strychnine". Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association. 19 (12): 1292. doi:10.1002/jps.3080191206.
  4. "Color Test Reagents/Kits for Preliminary Identification of Drugs of Abuse" (PDF). Law Enforcement and Corrections Standards and Testing Program. July 2000. Retrieved 2011-07-24.
  5. "2-C-T-7 Mandelin". Reagent Base.
  6. "Dancesafe Mandelin Reagent". Dancesafe. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  7. Mahmood, Zafar Alam (2013). "Bioactive Alkaloids from Fungi: Psilocybin". Natural Products: Phytochemistry, Botany and Metabolism of Alkaloids, Phenolics and Terpenes. Springer-Verlag. pp. 523–552. ISBN 978-3-642-22143-9.


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