Roads in Moldova

Currently, there are three types of public roads in the Republic of Moldova:[1]

  • National road (Romanian: Drum naționalpl. Drumuri naționale)
  • Local road (Romanian: Drum localpl. Drumuri locale)
  • Street (Romanian: Stradăpl. Străzi)
Map of Moldovan roads. Red represents magistral roads, purple represents republican roads, and yellow represents local roads

In total, Moldova has a total length of 10,680 kilometres (6,636 mi) of road. From those, 3,668 km (2,279 mi) are national roads and 7,012 km (4,357 mi) are local roads.[2] The general maximum speed limit on public roads is 90 km/h (55 mph), while a speed limit of 50 km/h (30 mph) is imposed inside localities.

Its current road network is inherited from the former Soviet Union (the Moldavian SSR). As one of the poorest countries in Europe, Moldova is the only country which requires use of vignettes (roviniete) on all public roads, inside and outside localities, as a form of road tolling. Vignettes are available for purchase at border crossing points, and drivers caught without a valid vignette are charged with cash fines between €125 and €375.[3]

Motorways

As of 2021, there are no segments of motorway (Romanian: Autostradă) that are officially open. The first motorway-class road in Moldova is planned to be the Chișinău - Cimișlia motorway, which is to be assigned "M3". Works on what could be the first motorway began in the 80s (under Soviet rule), but began to slow down after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, stopping in 1996 with the Chișinău - Porumbrei segment (32 km or 20 mi) open only on one carriageway. Works on what could eventually become the first motorway in Moldova resumed in 2019.[4]

Thus, it can be said that Moldova has de facto 32 km (20 mi) of motorway in service, but de jure the Chișinău - Porumbrei segment doesn't count as a motorway, with plans calling for the Chișinău - Cimișlia road to receive motorway status only after works are finished.[4]

In 2018, a second motorway route in Moldova (Ungheni - Chișinău - border with Ukraine toward Odessa) was proposed as a continuation of Romania's A8 motorway to the east (est. 100 km or 62 mi long), and thus of the future motorway corridor IașiCluj-NapocaBudapestViennaMunich.[5] In 2021, it had been proposed by the IDEP that the motorway segment between Chișinău and the Romanian border become a "national priority" for Moldova.[6]

National roads

National roads in Moldova are divided into two categories: magistral roads (Romanian: Drumuri magistrale) and republican roads (Romanian: Drumuri republicane).[1] Magistral roads mainly serve as connections to road networks of neighboring countries, those of Romania and Ukraine. Republican roads serve as connections between places in Moldova, but may also reach the border.[1] All magistral roads start or pass through the capital city of Chișinău, with the exception of the M4.[7]

M1 highway

The M1 near Ulmu, Ialoveni District.
The M3 between Răzeni and Porumbrei.
The M14 near Negrești, at the intersection with local road L443.

The M1 links Chișinău to the Romanian capital of Bucharest and further Romanian cities via the Leușeni-Albița border checkpoint. It is 97 km (60 mi) long.[7]

M2 highway

The M2 is one of the magistral roads that link Chișinău to the border with Ukraine. The road, which is 185 km (115 mi) long, passes through Orhei and Soroca before reaching the border at Cosăuți. There's no bridge over the Dniester river in the area, however this gap is covered by a ferry.

M3 highway

The M3 serves as a connection between Chișinău and the Moldova–Romania border; this time towards the proposed Lower Danube metropolitan area (which includes the Romanian cities of Galați and Brăila) via the autonomous territory of Gagauzia. The main cities crossed by the road include Cimișlia, Comrat and Vulcănești, ending near the tripoint of Moldova and its two surrounding countries at Giurgiulești. It is 217 km (135 mi) long.

Future plans call for the Chișinău - Cimișlia section to become a motorway-class road, the first motorway in Moldova.[4]

M4 highway

The M4 is the only road that doesn't start or pass through Chișinău and of which all segments are in the control of the Transnistrian government. The road forms the backbone of the Transnistrian road network as it links all the main cities located in the territory: Tiraspol, Dubăsari and Rîbnița, with its northern terminus at the border with Ukraine. It is 178 km (111 mi) long.

M14 highway

The M14 is the longest Moldovan road, at 370 km (230 mi), crossing Moldova on the north - south reference. It passes through the three most populous Moldovan cities (Chișinău, Bălți and Tiraspol), as well as Edineț.[7]

The designation "M14" dates back to the era of the Soviet Union. The Soviet M14 highway served as a link between the present-day border with Poland at Brest (Byelorussian SSR) and the city of Odessa (Ukrainian SSR) on the Black Sea coast.[8] After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the designation of the former M14 was retained on the Moldovan section, while the sections in Ukraine and Belarus have gotten new designations.

M21 highway

The M21 is the second connection between Chișinău and the border with Ukraine. It is the shortest of all magistral roads, at 60 km (37 mi), and passes through Dubăsari.

List

Some intersections between Moldovan trunk roads use interchanges, like here at the M2-R14 junction. This is common in former Soviet states.
List of magistral roads[7]
Number Route Length
km mi
M1 ChișinăuLeușeniRomania 97 60
M2 ChișinăuOrheiSorocaUkraine 155 96
M2.1 M2 – Cosăuți 3.5 2.2
M3 ChișinăuCimișliaComratVulcăneștiRomania 217 135
M3.1 M3 – Comrat East 4.3 2.7
M4 TiraspolDubăsariRîbnițaHristovaiaUkraine 178 111
M14 Ukraine EdinețBălțiChișinăuTiraspolUkraine 370 230
M21 ChișinăuDubăsariUkraine 60 37
Total 1,085 671
List of republican roads[7]
Number Route Length
km mi
R1 ChișinăuStrășeniCălărașiUngheniRomania 118 73
R2 ChișinăuTighina 60 37
R3 ChișinăuHînceștiCimișliaUkraine 98 61
R4 ChișinăuCriuleniDubăsari 32 20
R5 ChișinăuDorotcaia 32 20
R6 IaloveniDumbrava 6 3.7
R7 Romania RîșcaniDrochiaSoroca 101 63
R8 EdinețCorbuOtaciUkraine 55 34
R9 OtaciSoroca 40 25
R10 RuseniOcnița 19 12
R11 BriceniOcnița 35 22
R12 Bălți AirportDrochiaCorbu 63 39
R13 BălțiFloreștiRîbnița 52 32
R14 BălțiSîngereiSărătenii Vechi 66 41
R15 BălțiGlodeni 30 19
R16 BălțiFăleștiSculeniRomania 49 30
R17 FăleștiPîrlița 32 20
R18 SîngereiFlorești 45 28
R19 PohoarnaSănătăuca 31 19
R20 CălărașiOrheiRîbnița 114 71
R21 RăciulaHîrjauca 11 6.8
R22 MeleșeniTeleneștiRatuș 29 18
R23 IvanceaCriuleni 34 21
R24 StrășeniCăpriana 11 6.8
R25 BucovățNisporeniBărboieni 46 29
R26 CimișliaCăușeniBenderTiraspol 103 64
R27 TiraspolCorotnaPervomaisc 49 30
R28 HlinaiaRăscăieții Noi 18 11
R29 RăzeniBender 58 36
R30 ChetrosuCăușeniȘtefan VodăUkraine 95 59
R31 CăușeniUkraine 18 11
R32 ChetrosuSălcuța 51 32
R33 HînceștiLăpușnaLeușeni 36 22
R34 HînceștiCantemirCahulSlobozia Mare 168 104
R35 ComratBasarabeasca 26 16
R36 TaracliaBasarabeasca 61 38
R37 Ceadîr-LungaComratCantemir 81 50
R38 TaracliaCahulVulcănești 72 45
R40 BiruințaChetrosu 31 19
R41 RîșcaniGlodeni 19 12
R42 UngheniBărboieni 33 21
R44 CălărașiCiuciuleniHîncești 65 40
R45 EdinețPîrjota 24 15
R46 CuporaniIargara 10 6.2
R47 CimișliaSărata Nouă 39 24
R49 BasarabeascaUkraine 4 2.5
R50 DubăsariCriuleni 6 3.7
R51 OtaciOcnița 26 16
R52 TudoraPalanca 14 8.7
R53 GlodeniCobani 19 12
R54 CuniceaSoloneț 30 19
R55 BriceniUkraine 3 1.9
R56 CantemirTartaul de Salcie 48 30
R57 FăleștiCostești 59 37
R59 BulboacaDelacău 29 18
Total 2,504 1,556

Local roads

In Moldova, local roads mainly serve as links between district administrative centers and villages/communes located in the specific district, as well as between one village/commune and another.[1] They are maintained by the appropriate local authorities depending on their location, previously being maintained by the national state-owned company Administrația de Stat a Drumurilor (ASD) until 2017. Since then, the ASD solely maintains national roads, with the exception of those located in Transnistria.[2]

European routes

European routes (E-roads) passing through the Republic of Moldova:[7]

Transnistria

As an autonomous territory with limited recognition as an independent state, the authorities of Transnistria, which is internationally recognized as part of Moldova, have complete control of all road segments that pass through the breakaway territory. The M4 highway, which crosses Transnistria on the north–south reference, is in complete control of Transnistria, as well as parts of M14 and M21, and many segments of republican and local roads. The complete length of the Transnistrian road network totals 1,070 km (660 mi).[2]

References

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.