Lucknow gharana

The Lucknow Gharānā, also known as "Purab Gharâna" for tabla, is a discipleship tradition ("gharana") with a tabla legacy and Kathak legacy. These two traditions are known for being one of the six major gharanas of tabla and three gharanas of kathak.

Tabla Tradition

History

The Lucknow tabla tradition branched out of the Delhi gharānā when the two brothers Modu Khan and Bakshu Khan, the third generation of the lineage of Miya Siddhar Khan, moved to Lucknow, due to political disturbances in Delhi, while one brother Makkhu Khan stayed on in Delhi. In Lucknow, the Nawabs mainly patronized Kathak, a Northern Indian classical dance form primarily accompanied by the pakhavaj (an ancestor of tabla).

Modu and Bakshu Khan collaborated with the performers of these arts and ended up in creating a unique style of tabla playing adapted from Kathak and pakhavaj compositions, the style now being termed as "Khula Baaj" or "Hatheli ka Baaj". Among these upgrades, "Gat" and "Paran" are two types of compositions that are very common in Lucknow gharānā. Lucknow style has also conceived its very own item, known as "Rau": it consists of extremely fast, delicate and colourful fillings within broad and bold rhythmic designs working as a framework.

Style

Lucknow Gharana is one of the six main gharanas or styles in tabla. This gharana is characterized by the full usage of the palm besides the fingers, resonant sounds, and the use of ring and little fingers on the Dayan.

Exponents

Kathak
  • Durga Prasad Mishra (c. 1800-1880), father and guru of Bindadin Maharaj and Kalka Prasad Mishra.
  • Thakur Prasad Misha (c. 1800-1880), uncle and guru of Bindadin Maharaj and Kalka Prasad Mishra.
  • Bindadin Maharaj (1830-1918), co-founder of the gharana. Disciple of father, Durga Prasad Mishra, and uncle, Thakur Prasad Mishra.
  • Kalka Prasad Mishra (1842-1913), co-founder of the gharana. Disciple of father, Durga Prasad Mishra, and uncle, Thakur Prasad Mishra.
  • Acchan Maharaj (1883-1960), son and disciple of father Kalka Prasad Mishra.[1]
  • Lacchu Maharaj (1901-1978), son and disciple of father Kalka Prasad Mishra.
  • Shambhu Maharaj (1910-1970), son and disciple of father Kalka Prasad Mishra.
  • Birju Maharaj (1938-2022), foremost kathak performer of the 20th Century.[2] Son and disciple of Acchan Maharaj. Also learned from uncles Lacchu Maharaj and Shambhu Maharaj.

Tabla
  • Miyan Bakshu[3]
  • Wajid Hussain Khan
  • Afaq Hussain Khan
  • Santosh Krishna Biswas
  • Swapan Chaudhuri (b. 1945), disciple of Santosh Krishna Biswas.
  • S. R. Chishti (b. 1965), disciple of Afaq Hussain Khan.[4][5]
  • Pandit Swaraj Bhattacharya
  • Pandit Ashok Maitra
  • Sri Ujjal Roy

References
  1. https://indianexpress.com/article/india/kathak-dancer-pandit-munna-shukla-dies-at-78-7720423/
  2. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/1/17/birju-maharaj-legend-india-kathak-dance-form-dies
  3. https://scroll.in/article/821904/listen-doyens-of-lucknow-gharana-display-the-khulaa-baaj-a-tabla-playing-style-inspired-by-kathak
  4. Chishti, S. R. (2013). Table Mein Das Anko Ka Mahetva (Hindi). New Delhi: Kanishka Publishers, Distributors. ISBN 978-81-8457-448-7.
  5. Chishti, S. R. (2014). Bhartiye Talon Mein Theke Ke Vibhinn Sworoop (Hindi). New Delhi: Kanishka Publishers, Distributors. ISBN 978-81-8457-640-5.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.