Ineos Grenadier

The Ineos Grenadier is a French-manufactured off-road utility vehicle under development and due to start production in July 2022.[1]

Ineos Grenadier
Overview
ManufacturerIneos Automotive
AssemblyFrance: Hambach (Smartville)
Body and chassis
ClassMid-size SUV
Body style5-door SUV
LayoutFront-engine, four-wheel drive
Powertrain
Engine
TransmissionZF 8-speed automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,922 mm (115.0 in)
Length4,927 mm (194.0 in)
Width1,930 mm (76.0 in)
Height2,033 mm (80.0 in)

The Grenadier was designed by Ineos Automotive Ltd, a company founded by Sir Jim Ratcliffe, billionaire and chairman of the multinational chemicals company Ineos. The Grenadier, designed as a modern replacement of the original Land Rover Defender,[2] has boxy bodywork, a steel ladder chassis, beam axles with long-travel progressive-rate coil spring suspension (front and rear), and is to be powered by BMW six-cylinder internal combustion engines.

In November 2020 it was announced that Ineos would work with Korean carmaker Hyundai on a longer-term plan to develop a reliable source of hydrogen in Europe to use Hyundai fuel cell technology, with no carbon dioxide emissions, on later Grenadier production.[3]

History

Rear view

Ratcliffe came up with the idea of building a replacement of his Land Rover Defender and approached Jaguar Land Rover to buy the tooling to continue production after the original model ceased at Solihull after 67 years in January 2016.[4] Ratcliffe later decided to initiate a project to design and build a similar vehicle under the codename Projekt Grenadier.[5]

The vehicle is named after Ratcliffe’s favourite pub, The Grenadier, in Belgravia, London, where the initial idea was considered, and where a promotional presentation was shown.[4] Comparing this project to James Dyson's plan to build an electric car in Singapore, which was cancelled writing off £500 million ($628 million), an industry insider commented "If JLR, which made the Defender for 70 years, is struggling, then that's an indicator of how tough it's going to be for a newcomer".[6]

The vehicle was proposed to be manufactured in Wales, but later confirmed to be made in France.[7][8]

Development

Interior

In March 2019, Ineos Automotive announced that it had entered into a powertrain technology partnership with BMW.[9] It was announced in September 2019 that the Grenadier would be manufactured at a bespoke new manufacturing facility on a greenfield site in Bridgend, Wales. Ineos Automotive also confirmed that it would be investing in a sub-assembly plant in Estarreja, Portugal, for the Grenadier’s body and chassis.[10] In December 2019, Ineos Automotive announced the Austrian-based Magna Steyr as their engineering partner for the development of the Grenadier. This partnership would oversee turning the development project concept into a mass-produced machine.[11] Development of the off-roader will see it undergo 1.1 million miles (1.8 million km) as part of a grueling testing regime.[12] Mark Tennant, the commercial director of Ineos Automotive, told the Financial Times there had been 50,000 expressions of interest before the designs of the vehicle had been made public. The brand expects to build 25,000 Grenadier models a year at full capacity.[13] In June 2020, Ineos Automotive unveiled a first look at the exterior design of the Grenadier, as well as some technical information relating to the vehicle's chassis, towing capabilities and suspension.[14]

On 7 July 2020, it was reported that Ineos Automotive was in talks with Daimler AG, the owners of Mercedes-Benz, to buy the Smart factory in Hambach, France, and build the Grenadier there instead of Wales and Portugal. "It's a serious business consideration," Tennant said.[15][16] Ken Skates, Welsh Government Minister for Economy, Transport and North Wales said it would be "a real blow if Ineos reneged on its very public commitment".[17][18] The government of Wales was reported in July 2020 to have spent £5 million on supporting the Ineos factory development at Bridgend with enabling work and road infrastructure, and said at that time that it would "look to recoup appropriate costs from the company" if the Bridgend factory was cancelled.[19]

On 8 December 2020 Ineos announced it had purchased the Smartville factory at Hambach, France, to build the Grenadier, stating that the site's location "gives excellent access to supply chains, automotive talent and target markets".[20] Ineos denied on Twitter having received "grants or other direct financial support" from either the Welsh or Portuguese governments.[21]

On 29 September 2021, Ineos announced it would locate its North American headquarters in Raleigh, North Carolina.[22][23] In November 2021, Ineos Automotive revealed that it had made losses exceeding £250 million over three years on the project. Other companies owned by Ratcliffe made loans to the automotive subsidiary, so that his total commitment at the time could be over £650m.[24]

In January 2022, Ineos' engineering team was caught in a ‘one-in-a-hundred year (flood) event’ during hot weather testing in outback South Australia.[25] Ineos plans on returning to Australia to complete this testing, along with undertaking an expedition of the Canning Stock Route.[26]

Design

While the Grenadier is not a direct replica of a Land Rover Defender (it uses none of the original tooling or componentry), Toby Ecuyer made it very clear that their mission was specifically to build a modern Defender, citing the 'massive shame' it was that the outgoing Defender was ceasing production. In an interview with Autocar UK, he explained that their mission initially began with trying to do just that. "We thought, well, we’ll replace it. Then we thought, let’s build a better one, something that doesn’t leak and is comfortable. After all, this isn’t 1948. We can move on."[2] Speaking on how they would modernise the Defender's design he stated "That was when we started collecting similar vehicles – Bronco, Pajero, G-Wagen, various Jeeps – to see how other manufacturers had done it".[2]

At the online launch, Toby Ecuyer, Head of Design at Ineos Automotive,[27] said: "We had Jeeps, Land Rovers, Toyota Hiluxes, a Toyota Land Cruiser, Nissan Patrols, Ford Broncos. And we looked at vans, lorries, Unimogs, military vehicles, tractors. African-spec vehicles were particularly interesting. They all shaped our plan for a vehicle that would be extremely capable but also very honest and uncomplicated"" The exterior design of the Grenadier was shown to the public for the first time in an online launch on 1 July 2020. At the launch Ratcliffe said "The Grenadier project started by identifying a gap in the market, abandoned by a number of manufacturers, for a utilitarian off-road vehicle. This gave us our engineering blueprint for a capable, durable and reliable 4x4 built to handle the world’s harshest environments".[28]

Steve Cropley, Editor in Chief at Autocar said "The result is a simple, well-proportioned and familiar-looking off-roader."[29]

Ecuyer is hoping that none of the inevitable discussion of the homage to the Defender's design obscures the unique and utilitarian design behind the Grenadier: the roof that doubles as a load rack, the roof tie bars (that go roughly where the Defender 110 has roof lights), the two-piece rear door, the exposed door hinges and the multi-purpose ‘utility rails’ that run along the exterior of the door panels where scuff bars would usually be placed.

Specification

The Grenadier is powered by a choice of BMW six-cylinder engines; the 3.0L B58 inline 6 petrol engine and the 3.0L B57 inline 6 diesel engine.[30] In the Grenadier, B57 diesel engine makes 183kW of power (3250-4200rpm) and 550Nm of torque (1250-3000rpm). The B58 petrol engine makes 210kW of power (4750rpm) and 450Nm of torque (1750-4000rpm).[31]

Both engines come mated to a ZF eight-speed automatic transmission (codenamed 8HP51 for the petrol, 8HP76 for the diesel), with what Ineos calls a new “heavy duty” torque converter.[31]

All Grenadiers come standard with permanent four-wheel drive (4WD), with low-range accessed through a 2.5:1 Tremec two-speed transfer case.[31]

The Grenadier is built on a box-section ladder frame chassis. There are heavy duty Carraro beam axles at each end, paired to five-link coil suspension supplied by Eibach offering nine degrees of front axle articulation and 12 degrees at the rear, and anti-roll bars for road handling.[31]

Fuel Cell Version

Tennant said that internal combustion engines were best for "rough, tough jobs", and pointed out the need for good range and autonomy in remoter parts of the world, with hydrogen fuel cells part of the longer-term plan.

Deploying a hydrogen supply chain could in itself benefit Ineos, which produces 300,000 tonnes of hydrogen a year.[3][32]

    References

    1. Attwood, James (12 May 2021). "New Ineos Grenadier off-roader delayed until 2022". Autocar. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
    2. "Ineos Grenadier: meet the designer of the controversial off-roader". Autocar. Retrieved 2022-02-07.
    3. Jolly, Jasper (23 November 2020). "Ineos signs hydrogen fuel cell deal for its off-road vehicle". The Guardian.
    4. Cropley, Steve (1 July 2020). "Ineos Grenadier revealed as rugged off-roader for 2021". Autocar. Retrieved 7 July 2020.
    5. Vijayenthiran, Viknesh (19 September 2017). "Unofficial Land Rover Defender successor gets a name". Motor Authority. Retrieved 20 September 2019.
    6. Milmo, Cahal (17 July 2020). "Is the 4x4 dreamt up in a pub a billionaire's vanity project or heading for automotive success?". i News. Article updated 22 March 2021
    7. "The Ineos Grenadier will now be built in France". Top Gear. 2020-12-09. Retrieved 2021-07-09.
    8. Neate, Rupert (8 December 2020). "Ineos boss opts to build 'British' heir to Land Rover Defender in France". The Guardian.
    9. Ineos Automotive (19 March 2019) https://ineosgrenadier.com/news/ineos-announces-partnership-bmw
    10. Ineos Automotive (18th September 2019) https://ineosgrenadier.com/news/4x4-to-be-built-in-wales
    11. Attwood, James (17 December 2019) https://www.autocar.co.uk/car-news/new-cars/ineos-partners-major-engineering-firm-grenadier-development
    12. Anderson, Brad (30 June 2020) https://www.carscoops.com/2020/06/ineos-grenadier-combines-classic-looks-with-new-tech/
    13. "Ineos launches carmaking ambitions with Grenadier off-roader". Financial Times. 1 July 2020. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
    14. "Here's your first look at the Ineos Grenadier off-roader". Top Gear. 2020-07-01. Retrieved 2021-05-06.
    15. "Ineos puts Welsh and Portuguese plants on hold as it eyes French site". Financial Times. 7 July 2020. Retrieved 7 July 2020.
    16. Article "Wales may lose new Land Rover rival to French factory - "The Times", July 8 2020 page 16
    17. "Ineos puts Bridgend plant on hold jeopardising hundreds of jobs". Media Wales. 7 July 2020. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
    18. "Ineos sparks fury in UK with mooted 4x4 relocation to France". The Times of India. 8 July 2020. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
    19. Sion, Barry (8 July 2020). "Welsh Government will want its money back if Ineos Automotive abandon factory plans". Business Live. Retrieved 8 December 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
    20. Ineos (8 December 2020). "INEOS AUTOMOTIVE CONFIRMS ACQUISITION OF HAMBACH PRODUCTION SITE FROM MERCEDES-BENZ". Ineos Grenadier. Retrieved 8 December 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
    21. Ineos Grenadier [@IneosGrenadier] (8 December 2020). "INEOS has not received any grants or other direct financial support from the Portuguese or Welsh governments" (Tweet) via Twitter.
    22. "INEOS Automotive Announces North American Headquarters in Raleigh, NC". - Wake County Economic Development. 29 September 2021.
    23. "INEOS outlines its plans for selling and servicing the Grenadier worldwide" (Press release). London: INEOS Grenadier. 29 September 2021.
    24. Jolly, Jasper (5 November 2021). "Ineos reveals third loss-making year in effort to make Land Rover rival". The Guardian.
    25. "South Australia weather: 'Freak' giant whirlpool spotted on side of Stuart Highway | news.com.au — Australia's leading news site". web.archive.org. 2022-01-31. Retrieved 2022-04-29.
    26. "2022 Ineos Grenadier test washed out by storms, will return to Australia for heat and dust". Drive. 2022-01-28. Retrieved 2022-04-29.
    27. Ineos Automotive https://ineosgrenadier.com/media/toby-ecuyer
    28. Ineos Automotive (1 July 2020)https://ineosgrenadier.com/news/ineos-automotive-reveals-the-design-of-its-upcoming
    29. "Ineos Grenadier revealed as rugged off-roader for 2021". Autocar. 1 July 2020. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
    30. Malvern, Jack (2 July 2020). "Defender is back from the pub as a Grenadier". The Times.
    31. "2023 Ineos Grenadier price and specs". CarExpert. Retrieved 2022-04-29.
    32. "Hydrogen Fuel Economy". ineosgrenadier.com. Retrieved 2022-05-02.
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