Haurun

Haurun (also Hawran, Horon, Horan, or Huaran)[2] was a god of destruction, or a god of healing.[3] He was also considered a chthonic god or an earth god.[4]

Haurun
Name in hieroglyphs
[1]

He was documented in the Levant from the second millennium BC up until about 600 BC.[2] In the first millennium BCE his cult spread across the Mediterranean.[5]

He was associated with the Great Sphinx of Giza.[6]

Name and Etymology

His name is connected to the Arabic word hor.[7] His name might mean “deep one”. His name might also have a Semitic root meaning depression, cavity, or hole.[2] He was called lord of the clouds which might indicate his original role.[8] In Egypt he was known as The Victorious Herdsman. This name was used as a popular spell recited to ask Haurun for protection before hunting.[3]

Worship

He may have also been worshiped at Philistia and Yavneh.[9] In Philistina the cult of this god was introduced into the area by Judeans.[10]

In Egypt

He was originally a Canaanite god. He was originally a god of destruction but later became a god of healing.[3]

Canaanite and Syrian workers and merchants introduced him to Ancient Egypt[3] at the start of the eighteenth dynasty.[11] Pierre Montet argued that worship of Haurun in Egypt began with Horemheb.[12] He was considered a tutelary god to Ramesses II.[13]

Identified with other deities

He was also identified with other deities like Harmachis.[6] Albright identified him with Resheph or Shulmanu.[14]

A phonetic has also been made between Horus and Haurun. Which might give a reason for Haurun’s representation as a falcon.[8]

References
  1. Hart, George (2005-03-31). The Routledge Dictionary of Egyptian Gods and Goddesses. Routledge. p. 66. ISBN 978-1-134-28424-5.
  2. Frayne, Douglas R.; Stuckey, Johanna H. (2021-03-01). A Handbook of Gods and Goddesses of the Ancient Near East: Three Thousand Deities of Anatolia, Syria, Israel, Sumer, Babylonia, Assyria, and Elam. Penn State Press. p. 125. ISBN 978-1-64602-129-1.
  3. "Egyptian Gods - The Complete List". World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2021-09-22.
  4. Jordan, Michael (2014-05-14). Dictionary of Gods and Goddesses. Infobase Publishing. p. 117. ISBN 978-1-4381-0985-5.
  5. Toorn, Karel van der; Becking, Bob; Horst, Pieter Willem van der (1999). Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 426. ISBN 978-0-8028-2491-2.
  6. Curl, James Stevens (2013-04-03). The Egyptian Revival: Ancient Egypt as the Inspiration for Design Motifs in the West. Routledge. p. 439. ISBN 978-1-134-23468-4.
  7. Leick, Dr Gwendolyn (2002-09-11). A Dictionary of Ancient Near Eastern Mythology. Routledge. p. 80. ISBN 978-1-134-64103-1.
  8. Zivie-Coche, Christiane (2004). Sphinx: History of a Monument. Cornell University Press. p. 72. ISBN 978-0-8014-8954-9.
  9. Kletter, Raz; Ziffer, Irit; Zwickel, Wolfgang (2010). Yavneh. Saint-Paul. p. 88. ISBN 978-3-7278-1667-3.
  10. Peckham, J. Brian (2014-11-20). Phoenicia: Episodes and Anecdotes from the Ancient Mediterranean. Penn State Press. p. 198. ISBN 978-1-57506-896-1.
  11. Dunand, Françoise; Zivie-Coche, Christiane (2004). Gods and Men in Egypt: 3000 BCE to 395 CE. Cornell University Press. p. 345. ISBN 978-0-8014-4165-3.
  12. Gray, John (1949). "The Canaanite God Horon". Journal of Near Eastern Studies. 8 (1): 27–34. doi:10.1086/370902. ISSN 0022-2968. JSTOR 542437. S2CID 162067028.
  13. Traunecker, Claude (2001). The Gods of Egypt. Cornell University Press. p. 107. ISBN 978-0-8014-3834-9.
  14. Ph.D, Rev Prof John Gray M. A. , B. D. (2015-02-04). Legacy of Canaan: The Ras Shamra texts and their relevance to the Old Testament. BRILL. p. 180. ISBN 978-90-04-27528-7.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.