Dialects of the Azerbaijani language

Azerbaijani language is distinguished the two types: Azerbaijani, North[1] and Azerbaijani, South.[2] At the same time, there are a number of dialects such as Salchuq, Qashqai and Khalaj languages. Although there are various dialects of Azerbaijani language, they do not significantly differentiate one another. These dialects are mutually intelligible.[3]

The Southern Azerbaijani contains a lot of Arabic and Persian words. There can be problems with the understanding between the southern and northern Azerbaijani because of these words. This difference has begun to increase since 1828.[4]

Dialect groups

The dialects of Azerbaijani language are commonly divided into four main groups, Eastern (Derbent, Baku, Shamakhi, Mugan and Lankaran dialects), Western (Qazakh, Karabakh, Ganja and Ayrum dialects), Northern (Nukha, Zaqatala - Qakh dialects), Southern (Yerevan, Nakhchivan, Ordubad and Tabriz dialects). The dialects are mutually intelligible but differ with regard to accent, syntax, and vocabulary. Eastern and northern groups of dialects were significantly influenced by the Kypchak language.[5]

The dialects can be distinguished on the basis of the geographical location like Iran, Turkey, Iraq, Russia (Dagestan) and Georgia. According to these areas, Afshar, Qashqai, Aynallu, Bayat, Shahsven, Qajar and Turkman dialects are classified. These dialects are commonly classified regarding to the geographic conditions such as Tabriz, Urmia, Khoy, Kushchinskiy (central Ostan), Maraga, Merende, Uryantepin, Turkmenchay, Ardabil, Sarabian, Mian, Galugiha (Mazandaran), Lotfabad and Dergez (Khorasan- Rizaui) dialects. The dialects of Azerbaijani language differ from one another in accordance with phonetics and vocabulary.[6]

Publications

The first comparative analysis of the Turkic (Azerbaijani) dialects was carried out by Mirza Kazimbey on his book dated 1839 called "The General Grammar of the Turkish – Tatar Language".[7]

During 1924 - 1930 Soviet researchers collected about 60 thousand dialect words. The program was prepared to compile a dictionary of dialects of the Azerbaijani language. N.I. Ashari led this program. The Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaijan SSR published a one-volume dictionary named "Dialectological Dictionary of the Azerbaijani Language" covered more than six thousand words in 1964.

At the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century “Dictionary of the Dialects of the Azerbaijani language” was published. Dictionary contained samples from Zangibasar, Sharur, Yardimli, Tebriz, Gubadli, Lachin, Kalbacar, Balakan, Qakh and Zagatala.

References
  1. "Azerbaijani, North". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2018-06-30.
  2. "Azerbaijani, South". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2018-06-30.
  3. "Azerbaijan". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2018-06-30.
  4. Bruno De Nicola; Yonatan Mendel and Husain Qutbuddin (November 2010). Reflections on Knowledge and Language in Middle Eastern Societies. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. ISBN 9781443824309.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. Library, International and Area Studies. "LibGuides: Resources for the study of the Azerbaijani language: Dictionaries and Grammar". guides.library.illinois.edu. Retrieved 2018-06-30.
  6. "Azerbaijan:: Main page". azerbaijans.com (in Azerbaijani). Retrieved 2018-06-30.
  7. "Presented Mirza Kazimbay's translated "General grammar of Turkic-Tatar language" book - News - Nizami Gəncəvi adına Milli Azərbaycan Ədəbiyyatı Muzeyi". nizamimuseum.az. Retrieved 2018-06-30.
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