Colombian identity card

The Colombian Identity Card (Spanish: Documento de Identidad Colombiano, pronounced [do.kuˈmen.to de i.ðen̪.tiˈðað ko.lomˈbja.no], also known as Cédula de ciudadanía) is an identity document issued to Colombian citizens by local registration offices in Colombia and diplomatic missions abroad to every Colombian person over 18 years of age, since for minors it is the "Tarjeta de Identidad", this is the only valid identification document for all civil, political, administrative and judicial acts according to Colombian Law 39 of 1961.[3] They are produced by the National Civil Registry.[4]

Colombian identity card
Documento de identidad colombiano (Spanish)
Specimen of the credit-card sized Colombian identity card issued since 1 December 2020.
TypeCompulsory identity document
Issued by Colombia
First issuedDecember 1, 2020 (2020-12-01)[1]
Valid in Andean Community and  Mercosur
(except Surinam, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela and Guyana)
Expiration
  • 10 years (electronic identity document)
  • None (yellow with holograms)
CostFor the first time - Free (everybody)
Document replacement[2] - $ 55.750/ € 50.03/ US$ 55.81 (Colombia/Eurozone and United States/Others)
SizeLength (5.5 cm)
Width (8.8 cm)

History

On November 24, 1952, the first Citizenship Certificate was issued to the then President of the Republic, Laureano Gómez Castro, with number 1.[1] Later, in 1954, women were able to exercise the right to elect and be elected. The first female identity card was issued on May 25, 1956, to Doña Carola Correa de Rojas Pinilla, wife of the then President of Colombia, General Gustavo Rojas Pinilla, with number 20,000,001. This document is the so-called "Blanca Laminada".

First female identity document.

In 1993 the document is renewed, which it was made of plastic. Information on skin color and signs is eliminated, and information on blood type, the citizen's sex and a barcode is added. This is the "Marrón o Café Plastificada". Since May 2000, the identity document "Amarilla con hologramas" has been produced, based on the identification system based on AFIS technology. Along with this format, two others circulated (white and brown), either of which was recognized as a legitimate means of citizen identification.

In 2003 the format of the PIN (Personal Identification Number) was changed. Previously, a person had an identity card number and was later assigned a different identity card number upon reaching the age of majority. In the aforementioned year, an alphabetical complement to the identity card number began to be used. Later, in 2004, the NIP system was changed to the NUIP (Unique Personal Identity Number) that identifies a single citizen throughout his or her life; the numbering begins with the number 1.000.000.000. Those citizens who issued their identity card before 2003 kept the same number.

In 2005, and after a series of bureaucratic and technical problems, the National Registry of Civil Status of Colombia, through a decree, determined that as of 1 January 1, 2010, the only valid documento identity will be the one issued to from the year 2000, with a yellow background and security holograms. This date was later postponed to 31 July 2010.

In 2020, a new electronic identity document was announced, which began to be issued on 1 December of the same year. The document allows citizens to identify themselves and carry out procedures without the need for a physical document, it is also possible to store it on an Android or iOS mobile device.

Obtaining and mandatory

Colombian citizens, by birth or adoption, must go to a Colombian registry or consulate with their identity document, previous document or civil registry if they do not have any; in the departmental capitals and first category municipalities it is not necessary to take photos, in other locations you must attach 4 cm x 5 cm photographs with a white background. Blood type and RH must be known for registration.

After the procedure, a provisional document called "password" is delivered that has the citizen's photo, the impression of the fingerprint, the name and the NUIP. The delivery time is variable, from one to three months depending on the office where the procedure is done.

In case of incorrect information, a duplicate must be requested. In case of theft, loss or damage to the document, a replacement must be requested. Both procedures have a cost, which is defined annually by the Registrar and Foreign Ministry.[5]

Mandatory

This document is mandatory for all Colombian citizens over 18 years of age, residing in the country, and for those seeking consular assistance abroad.

Military and police authorities may require the document. The national police code defines in article 35, literal 3 that:"The following behaviors affect the relationship between people and authorities and therefore should not be carried out. Its performance will give rise to corrective measures: (...) Prevent , hinder, hinder or resist the identification or individualization procedure, by the police authorities".[6] A general fine of type 4 is imposed; participation in a community program or educational activity of coexistence. However, not carrying the document is not considered a crime.

International travel

Holders of a Colombian identification document can enter without a passport in all member countries of the Union of South American Nations with the exception of Suriname, Guyana and Venezuela. This includes:

 Andean Community (CAN):

 Mercosur (Southern Common Market) Member and associated states:

Current document

Electronic identity document

It has been issued since 1 December 1 2020, it is the format of the current document that is issued in "duplicate".

Characteristics

Obverse
Obverse of the electronic identity document.

The header consists of the inscriptions "CÉDULA DE CIUDADANÍA" and "REPÚBLICA DE COLOMBIA", a small Colombian flag, in the lower right corner there is a butterfly that changes color gold/green. The background, mainly yellow and sky blue, consists of geometric patterns with relief, curves, a book and thirteen butterflies. The following information is found.

Reverse
Reverse of the electronic identity document.

The header consists of the inscription ".CO", the domain name of the country. The background, mostly yellow and sky blue, consists of geometric patterns, curves, and the Iglesia de San Pedro Claver, Cartagena. On the back is the following information.

Security measures

Unlike its predecessor, this format does not include printing of the right index. However, for its expedition, fingerprints are taken and the facial features of the citizen are mapped.

The QR code uses ABIS (Automated Biometric Identification System - Sistema automático de identificación por biometrías) technology that allows government entities to verify the identity of the bearer of the document by accessing the citizen's biometric database.

Features

This identity document can be stored on the citizen's mobile device by downloading the Registry's application, it is equally valid as its physical counterpart.

The registry has announced that in the future this card is expected to be the "key" to the citizen folder, a storage space in the cloud where medical records and other necessary documents could be stored.

Formats of previous identity documents

Yellow with holograms

The "yellow with holograms" document began to be issued in May 2000, and is still valid despite not being issued anymore.

Characteristics
  • Material: Plastic
  • Length: 5.5 cm
  • Width: 8.8 cm

Obverse
Old Colombian identity document for adults 2000-2020 (obverse).

The header consists of the inscriptions "REPÚBLICA DE COLOMBIA", "IDENTIFICACIÓN PERSONAL" and "CÉDULA DE CIUDADANÍA". The background, mostly yellow, with gray and pink, consists of curved patterns and the country's coat of arms inscribed in a circle; it has holograms that show the emblem of the registry and the phrase "REPÚBLICA DE COLOMBIA". On the front face you will find the following information.

Reverse
Old Colombian identity document for adults 2000-2020 (reverse).

It has no header. The background, mostly yellow and pink, consists of curved patterns, and the Registrar's emblem inscribed in a white circle. On the back is the following information.

Biometrics

This format includes printing of the right index. However, for its expedition, fingerprints are taken and the facial features of the citizen are mapped.

The matrix uses AFIS (Automated Fingerprint Identification System) technology that allows government entities to verify the identity of the bearer of the card by comparing the citizen's fingerprints.

Plasticized brown

The "plasticized brown" document, issued since 1993, it is not valid since August 1, 2010.

Characteristics
  • Material: Plastic
  • Length: 5.5 cm
  • Width: 8.8 cm

Obverse
Old Colombian identity document (Plastified Brown Card) for adults (obverse).

The header consists of the inscriptions "REPÚBLICA DE COLOMBIA", "IDENTIFICACIÓN PERSONAL" and "CÉDULA DE CIUDADANÍA". The background, white, consists of brown patterns and the coat of arms of the country with ornaments. On the front face you will find the following information.

  • Black and white photography
  • Identification document number, NUIP (Número Único de Identidad Personal)
  • Surname of the person
    • Other surnames, if any
  • Given name of the person
    • Other names, if any
  • Signature

Reverse

It has no header. The background, white, consists of a brown pattern, and the emblem of the Registrar's Office inscribed in a white circle. On the back is the following information.

  • Ink print of the right index finger
  • Date of birth
  • Place of birth
  • Height
  • Blood type and RH
  • Sex
  • Date and place of expedition
  • Signature of the National Registrar
  • Barcode with citizen information

Biometrics

This format includes printing of the right index.

White Laminate

The "white laminated" (blanca laminada) document was issued until 1993, it is not valid since 1 August 2010.

Characteristics
Old Colombian identity document (Cédula Blanca Laminada) for adults (specifications).
  • Material: Paper
  • Length: 5.5 cm
  • Width: 8.8 cm

Obverse
Old Colombian identity document (Cédula Blanca Laminada), (obverse).

The header consists of the inscriptions "REPÚBLICA DE COLOMBIA" and "CEDULA DE CIUDADANÍA". The background is white and has the country's coat of arms printed in green ink. On the front face you will find the following information.

  • Identity document number
  • Expedition place
  • Surname of the person
    • Other surnames, if any
  • Given name of the person
    • Other names, if any
  • Date of birth
  • Height
  • Skin color
  • Body signals
  • Expedition date
  • Signature
  • Signature of the National Registrar
  • Ink print of the right index finger

Biometrics

This format includes printing of the right index.

Electoral Certificate
Old Colombian identity document (Certificado Electoral) for people over 21 years of age (obverse).

The "electoral certificate" was issued to people over 21 years of age from February 1, 1935, being mandatory the presentation of the identification document for electoral purposes, according to Law 31 of 1929, in all those civil and political acts in which that personal identification was necessary.

Tarjeta de Identidad

Sky blue Identity Card

There is an identity document for those under 18 years of age, called "Tarjeta de Identidad" used for identification purposes only, which can be processed from 7 years of age. It is not valid for voting and for acts that require the age of majority. It is the current format.

Characteristics
  • Material: Plastic
  • Length: 5.5 cm
  • Width: 8.8 cm

Obverse
Obverse of the Colombian identity document required for minors.

The header consists of the inscriptions "REPÚBLICA DE COLOMBIA", "IDENTIFICACIÓN PERSONAL" and "TARJETA DE IDENTIDAD". The background, sky blue with orange, consists of curved patterns; has a green/yellow color shift image. On the front face you will find the following information.

Reverse
Reverse of the Colombian identity document required for minors.

It has no header. The background, the same color as the obverse, consists of curved patterns, and the emblem of the Registrar's Office inscribed in a gray circle. On the back is the following information.

Biometrics

This format includes digital printing of the right index.

Pink Identity Card

It is the version of the identity card that was issued until 2014.

Characteristics
  • Material: Paper
  • Length: 5 cm
  • Width: 9 cm

Obverse
Old compulsory pink identity document from Colombia for minors.

The header consists of the inscriptions "REPÚBLICA DE COLOMBIA" and "TARJETA DE IDENTIDAD". The pink background, consists of patterns of curves. On the front face you will find the following information.

  • Identification document number NUIP (Número único de identidad personal)
  • Surname of the person
    • Other surnames, if any
  • Given name of the person
    • Other names, if any
  • Sex
  • Date and place of birth
  • Blood type and RH
  • Date and place of expedition
  • Due date

Reverse

The heading consists of the inscription "REGISTRADURÍA NACIONAL DEL ESTADO CIVIL". The background is white. On the back is the following information.

  • Signature of the Municipal Registrar
  • Photography
  • Ink impression of the right index finger

Biometrics

This format includes printing of the right index.

Foreigners

The identity document (cédula de ciudadanía) and the identity card are exclusive for Colombian citizens. There is an identity document for foreigners with long-term visa, the foreigner identity document (cédula de extranjería) issued by Colombia Migration as an identification document. This document allows the exercise of the rights to which the foreigner is entitled on Colombian ground, which are the same as the Colombian citizen, except to vote in elections for the presidency and congress, and to run for government positions, being able to exercise their vote in municipal, district and council elections if the foreigner in question is a Resident holder of an "R" visa.

Foreign Identity Document (documento de identidad de extranjería/cédula de extranjería)
Colombian Immigration Identity Document (cédula de extranjería) of a person with a resident visa.

It is the document that Colombia Migration issues to foreign holders of a visa lasting more than 3 months, generally holders of a Migrant "M" visa or "R" resident visa, in very specific cases it is also issued to holders visitor visa. It is issued from 7 years of age and in cases where the holder is a minor, the annotation "MENORES DE EDAD" is added below the photograph. Their numbering is parallel to that of the Colombian citizenship cards and sometimes there are cases in which they coincide with the cards of living Colombians, generating problems on certain occasions due to the duplication of information in databases. It lacks data such as the place of issue and birth, as well as unlike the Colombian identity document, the date of issue changes every time the visa or document is renewed, or when reaching the age of majority. Your number is assigned based on the Biographical Archive of Foreign Migration Colombia, and is assigned as a HE (Foreign History) at the time of issuing a Safe-conduct or starting any administrative process, or at the time of the first visa registration issued by the Foreign Ministry.

Characteristics

Obverse

The header consists of the inscription "COL" (Colombia's acronym for ICAO), "REPÚBLICA DE COLOMBIA" and "Cédula de Extranjería". The purple background with soft shades of yellow and white, consists of circle patterns, and on the right side it shows the facade of the Casa de Nariño. It has a round hologram on the middle of the document, with the coat of arms of Colombia and the logo of Migración Colombia. On the front face it has the following information:

Reverse
  • Bar Matrix with holder information (it does not have the same structure as that of an identity document with holograms, so it is incompatible in most of the applications that are used.)
  • Lateral barcode with number for internal use
  • Legend in Spanish and English on the duty of the holder to notify Colombian Migration of any change in status or immigration information.
  • Signature of the Director of Migration Colombia
  • [www.migracioncolombia.gov.co Official website of Colombian Migration]
  • Machine-readable zone

See also

References
  1. "En fotos: así ha sido la evolución de las cédulas colombianas" (in Spanish). El Tiempo. 25 December 2020. Retrieved 16 September 2021.
  2. "Tarifas Vigentes" (in Spanish). Registraduría Nacional del Estado Civil. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
  3. "HISTORIA DE LA IDENTIFICACIÓN" (in Spanish). Registraduría Nacional del Estado Civil. Retrieved 16 September 2021.
  4. "CÉDULA DE CIUDADANÍA" (in Spanish). Registraduría Nacional del Estado Civil. Retrieved 16 September 2021.
  5. "Cancillería - Cédula de Ciudadanía" (in Spanish).
  6. "Policía Nacional de Colombia - Ley 1801 del 29 de Julio de 2016: POR LA CUAL SE EXPIDE EL CÓDIGO NACIONAL DE POLICÍA Y CONVIVENCIA" (PDF) (in Spanish).
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