2013 Chilean general election

General elections were held in Chile on 17 November 2013, including presidential, parliamentary and regional elections. Voters went to the polls to elect:

2013 Chilean general election
Presidential election
17 November 2013 (first round)
15 December 2013 (second round)
 
Candidate Michelle Bachelet Evelyn Matthei
Party Socialist UDI
Alliance New Majority Alliance
Popular vote 3,470,379 2,111,891
Percentage 62.17% 37.83%
Second round result per commune
President before election

Sebastián Piñera
National Renewal

 Elected President

Michelle Bachelet
Socialist

Parliamentary election
17 November 2013
All 120 seats in the Chamber of Deputies
20 of 38 seats in the Senate
Party % Seats
Chamber of Deputies
New Majority 47.71 67
Alliance 36.23 49
If You Want It, Chile Changes 5.43 1
Independents 3.32 3
Senate
New Majority 50.63 12
Alliance 38.05 7
Independents 1.52 1
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Politics of Chile
Executive
National Congress
Judiciary
Law
Administrative divisions
Recent elections
Independent institutions
Foreign relations
 Chile portal

All the newly elected authorities began their terms on 11 March 2014.

In the presidential election, former president Michelle Bachelet fell short of the absolute majority needed for an outright win. In the runoff election, held on 15 December, she beat former senator and Minister of Labor Evelyn Matthei with over 62% of the vote, with turnout significantly lower than in the first round.

In the parliamentary elections, the New Majority coalition (backing Bachelet's candidacy) won back control of both chambers of Congress, winning 12 of the 20 contested seats in the Senate, for a total of 21 out of 38 total seats, and 67 of the 120 seats in the Chamber of Deputies.

These were the first presidential and parliamentary elections in which all eligible voters were automatically enrolled, and where voting was no longer mandatory. Members of the regional boards were directly elected for the first time.

Timeline

Notable events and dates.[1][2]

  • 30 June 2013: Primaries held simultaneously nationwide. Michelle Bachelet and Pablo Longueira win their respective primaries for president.
  • 17 July 2013: Longueira quits the race.
  • 20 July 2013: UDI picks Evelyn Matthei to replace Longueira.
  • 19 August 2013: Deadline to register candidacies.
  • 9 October 2013: First debate. Bachelet does not participate.
  • 18 October 2013: Campaign advertising starts.
  • 25 October 2013: Radio debate.
  • 29–30 October 2013: Two-day television debate.
  • 14 November 2013: Campaign advertising ends.
  • 17 November 2013: Election takes place.
  • 22 November 2013: The Electoral Service publishes on its website a revised count made by polling officers the day after the election.
  • 1 December 2013: Runoff campaign advertising starts.
  • 3 December 2013: The Election Court (Tricel) publishes the final results of the first round election in the Official Gazette and calls for a runoff election between the top two candidates.
  • 6 December 2013: Radio debate.
  • 10 December 2013: Television debate.
  • 12 December 2013: Runoff campaign advertising ends.
  • 15 December 2013: Runoff election.
    • Polls close at 6 PM nationwide.
    • At about 7 PM, Matthei concedes defeat, telling reporters outside her home: "It is clear, she has won".[3]
    • At about 7:20 PM Matthei gives her concession speech.[3]
  • 17 December 2013: The Electoral Service publishes on its website a revised count made by polling officers the day after the election.
  • 10 January 2014: The Tricel officially proclaims Bachelet as President-Elect during a ceremony in Santiago, and publishes the final results of the second round election on its website.
  • 11 March 2014: The President-elect takes office in a ceremony at the National Congress in Valparaíso.

Presidential primaries
Main article: Chilean presidential primaries, 2013

In December 2012 a law was published allowing political parties or coalitions to define their candidates for president in government-run primary elections. The two main political groups agreed to choose their candidates this way. Former president Michelle Bachelet won the New Majority primary with 73% of the vote, while former senator and minister Pablo Longueira won the Alliance primary with 51%. Longueira subsequently quit the race and was replaced with Evelyn Matthei. Sitting president Sebastián Piñera did not stand for re-election due to term limits.

Presidential candidates

List of candidates who officially registered their candidacies at the Electoral Service. All candidacies were accepted on 28 August 2013.[4] Bachelet's candidacy was automatically accepted after she was proclaimed the winner of her primary by the Election Court.

CandidateEndorsementRemarks

Michelle Bachelet
Socialist Party		 New Majority: The former President from 2006 to 2010 became the New Majority candidate after beating three other candidates in a coalition primary held on 30 June 2013.[5] For further details, see Chilean presidential primaries, 2013.

Marcel Claude
Humanist Party		 Everybody to La Moneda: The leftist economist and university professor launched his candidacy on 26 January 2013.[6] On 12 March 2013 he was proclaimed by the Humanist Party as their candidate.[7] He officially registered his candidacy at the Electoral Service on 12 August 2013.[8]

Marco Enríquez-Ominami
Progressive Party		 If You Want It, Chile Changes: The 2009 candidate launched his candidacy on 4 October 2012 at a theater in Santiago.[9] On 5 May 2013, he was proclaimed as candidate by the Allendist Socialism movement.[10] On 15 June 2013, he was proclaimed as candidate by the Liberal Party (formerly known as Chilefirst)[11] and on 13 July 2013 by the Progressive Party.[12] He officially registered his candidacy at the Electoral Service on 17 August 2013.[13]

Ricardo Israel
Regionalist Party of the Independents		Regionalist Party of the IndependentsThe political scientist was proclaimed by the Regionalist Party of the Independents (PRI) on 20 July 2013.[14] He officially registered his candidacy at the Electoral Service on 14 August 2013.[15]

Tomás Jocelyn-Holt
Independent		Independent electorsFormer Christian Democrat deputy[16] and former member of the Liberal Party (PL). On 9 December 2012, the PL decided to withdraw their support for his candidacy.[17] He officially registered his independent candidacy at the Electoral Service on 19 August 2013.[18]

Evelyn Matthei
Independent Democratic Union		 Alliance: The former senator and Labor minister was picked as candidate by her party's political commission on 20 July 2013, replacing Pablo Longueira who had quit the race three days earlier.[19] She was formally proclaimed as candidate by both UDI and National Renewal on 10 August 2013.[20][21] She officially registered her candidacy at the Electoral Service on 18 August 2013.[22] For further details, see Chilean presidential primaries, 2013.

Roxana Miranda
Equality Party		 Equality PartyThe leader of ANDHA Chile (a group representing mortgage borrowers) was proclaimed on 21 January 2013 as the Equality Party's candidate for president.[23] She officially registered her candidacy at the Electoral Service on 19 August 2013.[24]

Franco Parisi
Independent		Independent electorsEconomist and television commentator.[25] On 7 August 2013, Parisi officially registered his independent candidacy at the Electoral Service. He presented over 52 thousand signatures, many more than the required minimum.[26]

Alfredo Sfeir
Green Ecologist Party		 Green Ecologist PartyThe economist and spiritual leader was proclaimed as candidate by the Green Ecologist Party on 13 April 2013,[27] after beating Félix González in a party primary.[28] He officially registered his candidacy at the Electoral Service on 19 August 2013.[29]

Unsuccessful candidacies
  • Eduardo Díaz (Ind.): The former mayor of Toltén and founder of the Party of the South (now defunct) is supported by the Alianza Independiente Regionalista (AIRE) movement.[30] By July 2013 he said he had collected around 28 thousand signatures.[31] However, he did not officially register his candidacy before the legal deadline of 19 August 2013.
  • Pablo Longueira (UDI): The former Minister of Economy and senator became the Alliance candidate for president after he beat Andrés Allamand from the National Renewal party in a two-party primary held on 30 June 2013.[5] However, on 17 July 2013 he unexpectedly quit the race after being diagnosed with depression.[32]
  • Gustavo Ruz (Ind.): Sociologist and founder of the Movement for a Constituent Assembly was selected by said group as their candidate on 14 May 2013.[33] On 19 August 2013 he stepped out of the race, having collected only 27 thousand signatures out of the necessary 36 thousand.[34]

Opinion polls for presidential race
Legend
—Not on the list
Wins election
May win election
Runoff
May go to a runoff

First-round scenarios
PublisherField dateBacheletClaudeMEOIsraelTJHMattheiMirandaParisiSfeirOtherDK/NRErrorComments
CERC10 – 22 June 20135135————4—24143.0Source
La Segunda-UDD9 – 10 July 20133927————6—25213Source
CEP13 July - 18 August 20134524——11—4—14203.0Open question. (Source)
IPSOS17 August - 9 September 2013317912201132—153.3Will go to vote (75%). (Source)
IPSOS17 August - 9 September 20133381111221111—113.3Likely voters (53%). (Source)
Conecta30 August -7 September 201339.83.28.80.2—17.70.89.90.54.115.03.9Source
Ichem (U. Autónoma)23 August - 27 September 201344.43.58.40.20.217.30.07.60.8—17.72.35Will "surely" go to vote (55%). (Source)
La Segunda-UDD10 – 12 September 201338470027081—153.1Source
ICSO (UDP)2 September - 10 October 201345.24.67.3<1.0<1.015.9<1.012.0<1.04.99.62.72Likely voters (51.4%). (Source)
CEP13 September - 14 October 20134737001401001633.0Ballot-box vote. (Source)
CEP13 September - 14 October 201354380019070—93.0Will "surely" go to vote (50%). Questionnaire. (Source)
CEP13 September - 14 October 201353.64.17.20.00.117.10.57.80.49.3—3.0Will "surely" go to vote (50%). Ballot-box vote. (Source)
IPSOS24 September - 4 October 2013346722192151—123.3Will go to vote (72%). (Source)
IPSOS24 September - 4 October 2013335722232151—103.3Likely voters (49%). (Source)
IPSOS8 – 18 October 2013306822193152—132.6Will go to vote (75%). (Source)
IPSOS8 – 18 October 2013326723203142—112.6Likely voters (51%). (Source)
La Segunda-UDD16 – 17 October 2013403700260100—143.4Source
El Mercurio-Opina19/20 and 26/27 October 201346.21.77.20.20.121.71.17.90.313.6—3.1Likely voters (56.1%). Ballot-box vote. (Source)
IPSOS19 October - 5 November 20133051220203132—132.2Will go to vote (76%). (Source)
IPSOS19 October - 5 November 20133261120203143—92.2Likely voters (54%). (Source)

Bachelet vs. Matthei
PublisherField dateBacheletMattheiOtherDK/NRErrorComments
Conecta30 August - 7 September 201357.623.19.310.03.9Source
ICSO (UDP)2 September - 10 October 201347.417.222.013.42.72Source
Ipsos-Usach21 November - 2 December 201365.234.9——4.3Voted in first round and will go to vote. (Source)

Presidential campaign

First round
All nine candidates during the Anatel debate.

The first debate was organized by ANP (National Press Association) and CNN Chile and took place in Coquimbo's Enjoy Casino on 9 October. It ran from 20:00-22:00 with all candidates —except Bachelet, citing a prior commitment— participating.[35] It was moderated by CNN Chile anchor Daniel Matamala. There were four other journalists from regional media present who asked the candidates two randomly selected questions. Matamala also asked two questions, which were the same to all eight candidates.[36]

A radio debate organized by the Radio Broadcasters Association of Chile (Archi), took place on 25 October 2013 at the Gabriela Mistral Cultural Centre (GAM) in Santiago. The debate, which featured all nine candidates for the first time, was broadcast by over 600 radio stations across the country. It started at 8 AM and lasted for about 140 minutes. It was moderated by Archi president Luis Pardo and included four radio journalists: Sergio Campos (Cooperativa), Cony Stipicic (Duna), Mauricio Bustamente (Infinita) and Alejandro de la Carrera (Agricultura).[37][38]

A series of two consecutive televised debates were organized by the National Television Association (Anatel) and broadcast by all national terrestrial television stations. All nine candidates participated, as well. The first part of the debate aired on 29 October 2013, with a second part transmitted the next day. Both shows took place at TVN's studios in Santiago, beginning at 10 PM and running for over two hours. Former Anatel president Bernardo Donoso served as moderator. The journalists for the first day were Constanza Santa María (Canal 13), Soledad Onetto (Mega) and Claudio Elórtegui (UCV-TV); while the journalists for the second day were Beatriz Sánchez (La Red), Iván Núñez (Chilevisión) and Mauricio Bustamante (TVN).[39][40]

Runoff

A radio debate on 6 December 2013 was organized by Archi.[41] A television debate organized by Anatel was held 10 December 2013.[42]

Results

President
Ballot used in the first round
Ballot used in the runoff
Candidate Party/coalition First round Second round
Votes  % Votes  %
Michelle BacheletPS/New Majority3,075,83946.703,470,37962.17
Evelyn MattheiUDI/Alliance1,648,48125.032,111,89137.83
Marco Enríquez-OminamiPRO/Chile Changes, If You Want It723,54210.98
Franco ParisiIndependent666,01510.11
Marcel ClaudePH/Everybody to La Moneda185,0722.81
Alfredo SfeirGreen Ecologist Party154,6482.34
Roxana MirandaEquality Party81,8731.24
Ricardo IsraelRegionalist Party of the Independents37,7440.57
Tomás Jocelyn-HoltIndependent12,5940.19
Valid votes6,585,808100.005,582,270100.00
Null votes66,9350.9982,9161.45
Blank votes46,2680.6932,5650.57
Total votes6,699,011100.005,697,751100.00
Turnouta6,668,6865,684,681
Registered voters/turnout13,573,14349.1313,573,14341.88
Voting age population/turnout13,232,94050.3913,232,94042.96
Sources: First round: Tricel via Diario Oficial; Tricel via LeyChile. Second round: Tricel. Turnout figures, first round: Servel. Turnout figures, second round: Servel.

a Turnout figures differ from total votes. The former is derived from electoral rolls, while the latter from vote counting, which is error-prone.

First round
Bachelet
 
 46.70%
Matthei
 
 25.03%
E.-Ominami
 
 10.98%
Parisi
 
 10.11%
Claude
 
 2.81%
Sfeir
 
 2.35%
Miranda
 
 1.24%
Israel
 
 0.57%
J.-Holt
 
 0.19%
Second round
Bachelet
 
 62.17%
Matthei
 
 37.83%

Senate
Ballot used in the Senate election in Coquimbo region.

Senators are elected for eight-year mandates, and roughly half of the Senate is renewed every four years. On this election, ten out of 19 senatorial constituencies were contested. As each constituency elects two representatives, this results in 20 new senators.

Electoral pact/party Votes  % Candidates Seats Total seats  % seats
New Majority2,282,75450.6320122155.26
    Christian Democratic Party744,26116.5172615.78
    Socialist Party728,45516.1664615.78
    Party for Democracy556,13112.3333615.78
    Broad Social Movement156,3723.471112.63
    Communist Party6,4230.141000.00
    Independents91,1122.022225.26
Alliance1,715,73138.051971642.10
    National Renewal733,72616.2772821.05
    Independent Democratic Union662,47714.6985821.05
    Independents319,5287.094000.00
New Constitution for Chile175,9153.909000.00
    Equality Party70,6921.573000.00
    Green Ecologist Party9,8950.221000.00
    Independents95,3282.115000.00
Humanist Party156,3363.479000.00
If You Want It, Chile Changes109,7022.434000.00
    Independents109,7022.434000.00
Independents68,7061.526112.63
Valid votes4,509,114100.00672038100.00
Null votes166,4023.43
Blank votes176,6493.64
Total votes4,852,165100.00
Source: Servel
Popular vote
New Majority
 
 50.63%
Alliance
 
 38.05%
Others
 
 11.32%
Seats summary
New Majority
 
 55.26%
Alliance
 
 39.47%
Independents
 
 5.27%

Chamber of Deputies
Ballot used in the deputies election.
Electoral pact/party Votes  % Candidates Seats  % seats
New Majority2,967,89647.711186755.83
    Christian Democratic Party967,00315.55382117.50
    Socialist Party691,71311.12241512.50
    Party for Democracy685,80411.03251512.50
    Communist Party255,9144.11865.00
    Social Democrat Radical Party225,9553.631265.00
    Broad Social Movement6,3870.10100.00
    Independents135,1202.171043.33
Alliance2,253,78136.231204940.83
    Independent Democratic Union1,179,34218.96562924.16
    National Renewal928,03714.92501915.83
    Independents146,4022.351410.83
If You Want It, Chile Changes337,8235.437510.83
    Progressive Party235,7223.795100.00
    Liberal Party16,6640.27210.83
    Independents85,4371.372200.00
Humanist Party208,8793.366700.00
New Constitution for Chile172,9032.784700.00
    Equality Party67,0941.081900.00
    Green Ecologist Party32,7620.53500.00
    Independents73,0471.172300.00
Regionalist Party of the Independents72,3061.162600.00
Independents206,6343.321732.50
Valid votes6,220,222100.00470120100.00
Null votes220,8683.30
Blank votes257,4343.84
Total votes6,698,524100.00
Source: Servel
Vote share (parties)
UDI
 
 18.93%
PDC
 
 15.56%
RN
 
 14.90%
PS
 
 11.13%
PPD
 
 11.03%
PCCh
 
 4.11%
PRO
 
 3.80%
PRSD
 
 3.63%
PH
 
 3.37%
PRI
 
 1.16%
PI
 
 1.08%
Others
 
 9.02%
Vote share (coalitions)
NM
 
 47.71%
Alliance
 
 36.23%
STQCC
 
 5.43%
Others
 
 10.63%
Seats summary
NM
 
 55.83%
Alliance
 
 40.83%
STQCC
 
 0.83%
Independents
 
 2.50%

Regional boards
Ballot used in the regional board election in Magallanes province

Provisional results including 99.92% of ballot boxes.

Electoral pact/party Votes  % Candidates Seats
Alliance1,879,31132.27276102
    Independent Democratic Union822,81914.1310247
    National Renewal809,98813.9112442
    Independents246,5044.235013
New Majority for Chilea1,452,04924.9327389
    Christian Democratic Party718,18812.3311745
    Socialist Party614,17810.5412633
    Independents119,6832.053011
New Majority to Chilea1,269,91321.8126369
    Party for Democracy569,2179.778232
    Communist Party286,4224.915812
    Social Democrat Radical Party173,0022.975912
    Broad Social Movement6,6020.1130
    Independents234,6704.036113
If You Want It, Chile Changes363,4056.241423
    Progressive Party227,8893.91632
    Liberal Party1,4020.0280
    Independents134,1142.30711
PRI Regionalist Movement346,1035.942078
    Regionalist Party of the Independents179,1463.071052
    Independents166,9572.861026
Everyone to La Moneda262,9984.511181
    Humanist Party99,6151.71340
    Independents163,3832.80841
New Constitution for Chile200,9973.45771
    Equality Party39,3670.67200
    Green Ecologist Party34,5720.59101
    Green Ecologist Party of the North3,9300.0650
    Independents123,1282.11420
For the Development of the North22,8490.39154
    Northern Force4,1980.0730
    Independents18,6510.32124
Independents24,5760.42111
Valid votes5,822,201100.001,382278
Null votes322,5784.83
Blank votes529,1327.92
Total votes6,673,911100.00
Source: Servel

Note: There were 41,349 ballot boxes for the regional boards election. The results above are a revised count made by the polling officers the following day.
a The New Majority coalition split into two lists for this election. The names in Spanish are similar and both translate as "New Majority for Chile". The list obtaining the most votes is called Nueva Mayoría para Chile, while the other list is called Nueva Mayoría por Chile.

Reactions

Following the result of the first round election, Bachelet said: "We knew that it would be tough to win on the first round, we worked really hard, and we almost did it. We did win tonight, and we are going to work hard to win comfortably in December."[43] Following the first round, both candidates offered no change in aggressive campaigning for the second round except to include young MPs elected in their campaign. Matthei did however compare her politices that of German Chancellor Angela Merkel and Bachelet's to that of the former East Germany. While Green Ecologist Party's candidate Alfredo Sfeir was the only losing first-round candidate to back one of the two second-round candidates, in his case Michelle Bachelet,[44] independent candidate Franco Parisi said "Bachelet will be a great President, (...) Matthei would do bad for Chile, she is not to be trusted."[45]

U.S. President Barack Obama spoke with Bachelet, while the White House issued a statement that read: "The President expressed his desire to continue strengthening the relationship between the United States and Chile, building on the close partnership he enjoyed with President-elect...The President looks forward to working closely with President-elect Bachelet to advance our shared interests in the years ahead."[46]

Analysis

Though Bachelet's New Majority gained a majority of seats in the legislature, it failed to gain a four-sevenths majority required to pass legislation for her cornerstone education reform, which was the reason for mass mobilisation amidst the ongoing 2011–13 Chilean student protests. They also failed to get a two-thirds majority to restructure the 1981 constitution of Chile enacted during the Augusto Pinochet regime. Wake Forest political science Professor Peter Siavelis suggested: "The [congressional elections] result will surely be disappointing for Bachelet. Social movements that have spilled onto the streets are demanding reform, yet the limits of the institutional structure of Chile are going to limit her capacity to engage in reform. Even though Bachelet may be the winner tonight she is not in an enviable position."[43] The Washington Post said that Bachelet's "legacy now rides on her ability to craft a coalition for far-reaching structural and particularly political reform." It also questioned what a low turnout could mean for her mandate, which it said was not clear enough as she had to go to a second round.[44] The Huffington Post drew the 40th anniversary of the 11 September coup as a more than subtle backdrop to the election while saying the election was a referendum on Pinochet.[47]

References
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