Balkerne Gate

Balkerne Gate is a Roman gateway in Colchester (the former Camulodunum). It is the largest surviving gateway in Roman Britain[1] and was built where the Roman road from Londinium intersected the town wall of Camulodunum.[2] It is a Grade I listed building.[1]

The Balkerne Gate, Colchester, with man in for scale

History

According to Historic England, the gate is probably of 2nd century date. It appears to have incorporated an existing monumental arch from the 1st century.[3]

Sir Mortimer Wheeler excavated at the site in 1917.[4] According to a paper he published subsequently:

The gate consisted of two broad carriageways, each 17 ft (5.2 m) wide, flanked by two footways, each about 6 ft (1.8 m) wide. The whole gate projects 30 ft (9.1 m) in front of the town wall, and the total extent of the frontage is 107 ft (33 m).[5]

Although it is the best-preserved Roman gateway in the country, it only survives in part. The remaining gateway which we see today is the south-side arched footway; however, the remains of a guard tower are also visible. The rest of the gateway has been overbuilt by a public house.

Structure

Roman town gates sometimes had as many as three entrances but were usually limited to one or two. The Balkerne Gate, however, had four gates, and unusually wide carriageways.

There are no other quadruple gates in Britain but there are a few elsewhere in Europe; for example, the Porte d'Auguste at Nîmes, the Porte Ste. André and the Porte d'Arroux at Autun, and the Palatine Towers at Turin.

References
  1. Historic England. "The Balkerne Gate (Grade I) (1123668)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 24 October 2016.
  2. M. R. Hull, "Short Guide to Roman Colchester"
  3. "The Balkerne Gate". Retrieved 7 September 2021.
  4. "Mortimer Wheeler's First Excavation".
  5. The Balkerne Gate, Colchester. Wheeler, R.E.M. Transactions of the Essex Archaeological Society (1920).

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.