Aenictus
Aenictus is a large army ant genus distributed in the Old World tropics and subtropics.[3] It contains about 181 species,[2] making it one of the larger ant genera of the world.[4]
| Aenictus | |
|---|---|
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| A. ceylonicus worker from Indonesia | |
| Scientific classification | |
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| Genus: | Aenictus Shuckard, 1840  | 
| Type species | |
| Aenictus ambiguus[1] | |
| Diversity[2] | |
| 181 species | |
| Synonyms | |
Biology and distribution
    
The genus presently has 181 species,[2] distributed through the East Mediterranean, Afrotropical, Oriental, Indo-Australian, and Australian regions.[4][5][6][7] Most of the species are tropical,[6] with terrestrial habitats, foraging in soil, leaf litter, most of the Southeast Asian species forage on the ground, and some on trees[8] and hunting other ant species and termites.[5][9][10]
Most species of the genus are specialized predators of other ants, especially of immature stages.[5][9][11] Only some Asian species such as Aenictus gracilis, Aenictus laeviceps, Aenictus hodgsoni, and Aenictus paradentatus are known to hunt a variety of invertebrate prey, including ants, using a large number of workers in raids.[5][8][12][13] Foraging raids undertaken by these ants occur both day and night, usually across the ground surface but occasionally also in trees. During raids, numerous workers attack ant nests in a small area, with several workers coordinating their efforts to carry large prey items back to the nest or bivouac.[3] Species of Aenictus are generally small, monomorphic and yellow to dark brown.[10]
Species
    
- Aenictus acerbus Shattuck, 2008
 - Aenictus aitkenii Forel, 1901
 - Aenictus alluaudi Santschi, 1910
 - Aenictus alticola Wheeler, 1930
 - Aenictus ambiguus Shuckard, 1840
 - Aenictus anceps Forel, 1910
 - Aenictus annae Forel, 1911
 - Aenictus appressipilosus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
 - Aenictus arabicus Sharaf & Aldawood, 2012
 - Aenictus aratus Forel, 1900
 - Aenictus artipus Wilson, 1964
 - Aenictus arya Forel, 1901
 - Aenictus asantei Campione, Novak & Gotwald, 1983
 - Aenictus asperivalvus Santschi, 1919
 - Aenictus bakeri Menozzi, 1925
 - Aenictus baliensis Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
 - Aenictus bayoni Menozzi, 1932
 - Aenictus binghami Forel, 1900
 - Aenictus biroi Forel, 1907
 - Aenictus bobaiensis Zhou & Chen, 1999
 - Aenictus bodongjaya Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
 - Aenictus bottegoi Emery, 1899
 - Aenictus brazzai Santschi, 1910
 - Aenictus breviceps Forel, 1912
 - Aenictus brevicornis (Mayr, 1879)
 - Aenictus brevinodus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
 - Aenictus brevipodus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
 - Aenictus buttelreepeni Forel, 1913
 - Aenictus buttgenbachi Forel, 1913
 - Aenictus camposi Wheeler & Chapman, 1925
 - Aenictus carolianus Zettel & Sorger, 2010
 - Aenictus certus Westwood, 1842
 - Aenictus ceylonicus (Mayr, 1866)
 - Aenictus changmaianus Terayama & Kubota, 1993
 - Aenictus chapmani Wilson, 1964
 - Aenictus clavatus Forel, 1901
 - Aenictus clavitibia Forel, 1901
 - Aenictus concavus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
 - Aenictus congolensis Santschi, 1911
 - Aenictus cornutus Forel, 1900
 - Aenictus crucifer Santschi, 1914
 - Aenictus currax Emery, 1900
 - Aenictus cylindripetiolus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
 - Aenictus decolor (Mayr, 1879)
 - Aenictus dentatus Forel, 1911
 - Aenictus diclops Shattuck, 2008
 - Aenictus dlusskyi Arnol'di, 1968
 - Aenictus doryloides Wilson, 1964
 - Aenictus doydeei Jaitrong, Yamane & Chanthalangsy, 2011
 - Aenictus duengkaei Jaitrong & Yamane, 2012
 - Aenictus eguchii Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
 - Aenictus eugenii Emery, 1895
 - Aenictus exilis Wilson, 1964
 - Aenictus feae Emery, 1889
 - Aenictus fergusoni Forel, 1901
 - Aenictus foreli Santschi, 1919
 - Aenictus formosensis Forel, 1913
 - Aenictus fuchuanensis Zhou, 2001
 - Aenictus fulvus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
 - Aenictus furculatus Santschi, 1919
 - Aenictus furibundus Arnold, 1959
 - Aenictus fuscipennis Forel, 1913
 - Aenictus fuscovarius Gerstäcker, 1859
 - Aenictus gibbosus Dalla Torre, 1893
 - Aenictus glabratus Jaitrong & Nur-Zati, 2010
 - Aenictus glabrinotum Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
 - Aenictus gleadowii Forel, 1901
 - Aenictus gonioccipus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
 - Aenictus gracilis Emery, 1893
 - Aenictus grandis Bingham, 1903
 - Aenictus gutianshanensis Staab, 2014
 - Aenictus hamifer Emery, 1896
 - Aenictus henanensis Li & Wang, 2005
 - Aenictus hilli Clark, 1928
 - Aenictus hodgsoni Forel, 1901
 - Aenictus hottai Terayama & Yamane, 1989
 - Aenictus humeralis Santschi, 1910
 - Aenictus huonicus Wilson, 1964
 - Aenictus icarus Forel, 1911
 - Aenictus idoneus Menozzi, 1928
 - Aenictus inconspicuus Westwood, 1845
 - Aenictus indicus Bharti, Wachkoo & Kumar, 2012
 - Aenictus inflatus Yamane & Hashimoto, 1999
 - Aenictus itoi Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
 - Aenictus jacobsoni Forel, 1909
 - Aenictus jarujini Jaitrong & Yamane, 2010
 - Aenictus javanus Emery, 1896
 - Aenictus jawadwipa Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
 - Aenictus khaoyaiensis Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
 - Aenictus kutai Jaitrong & Wiwatwitaya, 2013
 - Aenictus laeviceps (Smith, 1857)
 - Aenictus latifemoratus Terayama & Yamane, 1989
 - Aenictus latiscapus Forel, 1901
 - Aenictus leliepvrei Bernard, 1953
 - Aenictus leptotyphlatta Jaitrong & Eguchi, 2010
 - Aenictus levior (Karavaiev, 1926)
 - Aenictus lifuiae Terayama, 1984
 - Aenictus longi Forel, 1901
 - Aenictus longicephalus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
 - Aenictus longinodus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2012
 - Aenictus luteus Emery, 1892
 - Aenictus luzoni Wheeler & Chapman, 1925
 - Aenictus maneerati Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
 - Aenictus mariae Emery, 1895
 - Aenictus mauritanicus Santschi, 1910
 - Aenictus mentu Weber, 1942
 - Aenictus minimus Jaitrong & Hashimoto, 2012
 - Aenictus minipetiolus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
 - Aenictus minutulus Terayama & Yamane, 1989
 - Aenictus mocsaryi Emery, 1901
 - Aenictus moebii Emery, 1895
 - Aenictus montivagus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
 - Aenictus mutatus Santschi, 1913
 - Aenictus nesiotis Wheeler, 1930
 - Aenictus nganduensis Wilson, 1964
 - Aenictus nishimurai Terayama & Kubota, 1993
 - Aenictus obscurus Smith, 1865
 - Aenictus orientalis (Karavaiev, 1926)
 - Aenictus pachycerus (Smith, 1858)
 - Aenictus pangantihoni Zettel & Sorger, 2010
 - Aenictus paradentatus Jaitrong, Yamane & Tasen, 2012
 - Aenictus parahuonicus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
 - Aenictus peguensis Emery, 1895
 - Aenictus pfeifferi Zettel & Sorger, 2010
 - Aenictus pharoa Santschi, 1924
 - Aenictus philiporum Wilson, 1964
 - Aenictus philippinensis Chapman, 1963
 - Aenictus piercei Wheeler, 1930
 - Aenictus pilosus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
 - Aenictus pinkaewi Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
 - Aenictus porizonoides Walker, 1860
 - Aenictus powersi Wheeler, 1930
 - Aenictus prolixus Shattuck, 2008
 - Aenictus pubescens Smith, 1859
 - Aenictus punctatus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2012
 - Aenictus punctiventris Emery, 1901
 - Aenictus punensis Forel, 1901
 - Aenictus rabori Chapman, 1963
 - Aenictus raptor Forel, 1913
 - Aenictus reyesi Chapman, 1963
 - Aenictus rhodiensis Menozzi, 1936
 - Aenictus rixator Emery, 1901
 - Aenictus rotundatus Mayr, 1901
 - Aenictus rotundicollis Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
 - Aenictus rougieri André, 1893
 - Aenictus sagei Forel, 1901
 - Aenictus schneirlai Wilson, 1964
 - Aenictus shillongensis Mathew & Tiwari, 2000
 - Aenictus shuckardi Forel, 1901
 - Aenictus siamensis Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
 - Aenictus silvestrii Wheeler, 1929
 - Aenictus sonchaengi Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
 - Aenictus soudanicus Santschi, 1910
 - Aenictus spathifer Santschi, 1928
 - Aenictus steindachneri Mayr, 1901
 - Aenictus stenocephalus Jaitrong, Yamane & Wiwatwitaya, 2010
 - Aenictus subterraneus Jaitrong & Hashimoto, 2012
 - Aenictus sulawesiensis Jaitrong & Wiwatwitaya, 2013
 - Aenictus sumatrensis Forel, 1913
 - Aenictus sundalandensis Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
 - Aenictus thailandianus Terayama & Kubota, 1993
 - Aenictus togoensis Santschi, 1915
 - Aenictus trigonus Forel, 1911
 - Aenictus turneri Forel, 1900
 - Aenictus vagans Santschi, 1924
 - Aenictus vaucheri Emery, 1915
 - Aenictus vieti Jaitrong, Yamane & Wiwatwitaya, 2010
 - Aenictus villiersi Bernard, 1953
 - Aenictus watanasiti Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
 - Aenictus wayani Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
 - Aenictus weissi Santschi, 1910
 - Aenictus westwoodi Forel, 1901
 - Aenictus wilaiae Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
 - Aenictus wilsoni Bharti, Wachkoo & Kumar, 2012
 - Aenictus wiwatwitayai Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
 - Aenictus wroughtonii Forel, 1890
 - Aenictus wudangshanensis Wang, 2006
 - Aenictus yamanei Wiwatwitaya & Jaitrong, 2011
 - Aenictus zhengi Zhang, 1995
 
References
    
- "Subfamily: Aenictinae". antweb.org. AntWeb. Retrieved 13 October 2013.
 - Bolton, B. (2014). "Aenictus". AntCat. Retrieved 28 June 2014.
 - Jaitrong, W. J.; Yamane, S. (2013). "The Aenictus ceylonicus species group (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Aenictinae) from Southeast Asia". Journal of Hymenoptera Research. 31: 165–233. doi:10.3897/JHR.31.4274.
 - Jaitrong, W. J.; Yamane, S. (2012). "Review of the Southeast Asian species of the Aenictus javanus and Aenictus philippinensis species groups (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Aenictinae)". ZooKeys (193): 49–78. doi:10.3897/zookeys.193.2768. PMC 3361139. PMID 22679379.
 - Gotwald WH (1995) Army ants: the Biology of Social Predation. Cornell University Press, New York, 320 pp.
 - Brown WL Jr. (2000) Diversity of ants. In: Agosti et al. (Eds) Ants. standard methods for measuring and monitoring biodiversity. Biological diversity hand book series. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington and London, 280 pp.
 - Aktaç N, Radchenko AG, Kiran K (2004) On the taxonomy of the west Palaearctic Aenictinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Annales Zoologici 54 (2): 361-364.
 - Hirosawa, H.; Higashi, S.; Mohamed, M. (2000). "Food habits of Aenictus army ants and their effects on the ant community in a rain forest of Borneo". Insectes Sociaux. 47: 42–49. doi:10.1007/s000400050007. S2CID 8364202.
 - Rościszewski M, Maschwitz U (1994) Prey specialization of army ants of the genus Aenictus in Malaysia. Andrias 13: 179-187.
 - Sharaf, M.; Aldawood, A.; El-Hawagry, M. (2012). "First record of the ant subfamily Aenictinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Saudi Arabia, with the description of a new species". ZooKeys (228): 39–49. doi:10.3897/zookeys.228.3559. PMC 3487640. PMID 23166469.
 - Gotwald, W. H. (1976). "Behavioral Observations on African Army Ants of the Genus Aenictus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". Biotropica. 8 (1): 59–65. doi:10.2307/2387819. JSTOR 2387819.
 - Shattuck SO (2008) Review of the ant genus Aenictus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Australia with notes on A. ceylonicus (Mayr). Zootaxa 1926: 1-19.
 - Jaitrong W, Yamane Sk (2011) Synopsis of Aenictus species groups and revision of the A. currax and A. laeviceps groups in the eastern Oriental, Indo-Australian, and Australasian regions (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Aenictinae). Zootaxa 3128: 1-46.
 
 This article incorporates text from a scholarly publication published under a copyright license that allows anyone to  reuse, revise, remix and redistribute the materials in any form for any purpose:  Jaitrong, W. J.; Yamane, S. (2012). "Review of the Southeast Asian species of the Aenictus javanus and Aenictus philippinensis species groups (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Aenictinae)". ZooKeys (193): 49–78. doi:10.3897/zookeys.193.2768. PMC 3361139. PMID 22679379.  Please check the source for the exact licensing terms.
 This article incorporates text from a scholarly publication published under a copyright license that allows anyone to  reuse, revise, remix and redistribute the materials in any form for any purpose:  Sharaf, M.; Aldawood, A.; El-Hawagry, M. (2012). "First record of the ant subfamily Aenictinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Saudi Arabia, with the description of a new species". ZooKeys (228): 39–49. doi:10.3897/zookeys.228.3559. PMC 3487640. PMID 23166469.  Please check the source for the exact licensing terms.
 This article incorporates text from a scholarly publication published under a copyright license that allows anyone to  reuse, revise, remix and redistribute the materials in any form for any purpose:  Jaitrong, W. J.; Yamane, S. (2013). "The Aenictus ceylonicus species group (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Aenictinae) from Southeast Asia". Journal of Hymenoptera Research. 31: 165–233. doi:10.3897/JHR.31.4274.  Please check the source for the exact licensing terms.
