Adamu (Assyrian king)

Adamu (Akkadian: ๐’€€๐’•๐’ˆฌ, romanized: A-da-mu) was according to the Assyrian King List (AKL) the second Assyrian monarch, ruling in Assyria's early period, though he is not attested in any known contemporary artefacts. He is listed among the "seventeen kings who lived in tents" within the Mesopotamian Chronicles.[1][2] The Mesopotamian Chronicles state that Adamu succeeded Tudiya.[3] The Assyriologist Georges Roux stated that Tudiya would have lived in the 25th century BC. The earliest known use of the name โ€œAdamโ€ as a genuine historical name is Adamu.[4] As in his predecessor's case, Adamu's existence remains unconfirmed archaeologically and uncorroborated by any other source.

Geopolitical context

Adamu is succeeded on the Assyrian King List by Yangi and then a further fourteen rulers: Suhlamu, Harharu, Mandaru, Imsu, Harsu, Didanu, Hana, Zuabu, Nuabu, Abazu, Belu, Azarah, Ushpia and Apiashal. Nothing concrete is known about these names, although it has been noted that a much later Babylonian tablet listing the ancestral lineage of Hammurabi of Babylon, seems to have copied the same names from Tudiya through Nuabu, though in a heavily corrupted form. The king lists suggest that the earliest Assyrian kings, who are recorded as, โ€œkings who lived in tents,โ€ had at first been independent semi-nomadic pastoralist rulers, moreover; Assyria was originally an oligarchy rather than a monarchy. These kings had at some point become fully urbanized and founded the city-state of Assur.[5]

Both Assyria and Sumer had become subject to the Akkadian Empire, centered in central Mesopotamia c. 2400 BC. The Akkadian Empire claimed to encompass the surrounding, โ€œfour corners of the world.โ€ Assyrian rulers had become subject to Sargon of Akkad and his successors, and the city-state of Assur had become a regional administrative center of the Empire, implicated by the Nuzi tablets.[6] The region of Assyria, north of the seat of the empire in central Mesopotamia, had been known as Azuhinum in Akkadian records.[7] Towards the end of the reign of Sargon the Akkad, the Assyrian faction had rebelled against him; โ€œthe tribes of Assyria of the upper countryโ€”in their turn attacked, but they submitted to his arms, and Sargon settled their habitations, and he smote them grievously.โ€[8]

See also

References
  1. Glassner, Jean-Jacques (2004). Mesopotamian Chronicles. Society of Biblical Literature. p. 137. ISBN 1589830903.
  2. Meissner, Bruno (1990). Reallexikon der Assyriologie. Vol. 6. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. p. 103. ISBN 3110100517.
  3. Roux, Georges (27 August 1992). Ancient Iraq. Penguin Books Limited (published 1992). ISBN 9780140125238.
  4. Hamilton, Victor (31 October 1990). The Book of Genesis, Chapters 1 - 17. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing (published 1995). ISBN 9780802825216.
  5. Saggs, The Might, 24.
  6. Malati J. Shendge (1 January 1997). The language of the Harappans: from Akkadian to Sanskrit. Abhinav Publications. p. 46. ISBN 978-81-7017-325-0. Retrieved 22 April 2011.
  7. "Prehistory and Protohistory of the Arabian Peninsula: Bahrain". M. A. Nayeem. 1990. p. 32.
  8. Malati J. Shendge (1 January 1997). The language of the Harappans: from Akkadian to Sanskrit. Abhinav Publications. p. 46. ISBN 978-81-7017-325-0. Retrieved 22 April 2011.
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