Arizona's 1st congressional district
Arizona's 1st congressional district is a congressional district located in the U.S. state of Arizona. Geographically, it is the eleventh-largest congressional district in the country and includes much of the state outside the Phoenix and Tucson metropolitan areas. Since 2013, it includes the Navajo Nation, the Hopi reservation and the Gila River Indian Community, with 25% of the population being Native American. The district has more Native Americans than any other congressional district in the United States.[4] It is currently represented by Democrat Tom O'Halleran, who has served since 2017.
| Arizona's 1st congressional district | |||
|---|---|---|---|
.svg.png.webp) Arizona's 1st congressional district since January 18, 2022 | |||
| Representative |
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| Area | 58,608 sq mi (151,790 km2) | ||
| Distribution |
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| Population (2019) | 782,088[1] | ||
| Median household income | $56,117[2] | ||
| Ethnicity |
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| Cook PVI | R+2[3] | ||
History
When Arizona was first divided into congressional districts as a result of the 1950 Census, the 1st district comprised all of Maricopa County, home to Phoenix, while the rest of the state was in the 2nd district. In a mid-decade redistricting resulting from Wesberry v. Sanders in 1967, the 1st was cut back to eastern Phoenix and most of what became the East Valley.
Over the years, the 1st's share of Phoenix was gradually reduced due to the area's explosive growth in the second half of the 20th century. However, it remained based in the East Valley until Arizona picked up two seats in the 2000 U.S. Census. The old 1st essentially became the 6th district, while a new 1st district was created to serve most of the state outside of Phoenix and Tucson.
After the 2012 redistricting, the Hopi reservation was drawn into the 1st district; it had previously been included within the 2nd district. Also included were some northern suburbs of Tucson that had been in the 8th, as well as a tiny section of Phoenix itself near the Gila River Indian Community. Meanwhile, heavily Republican Prescott, the old 1st's largest city, and much of surrounding Yavapai County were drawn into the new, heavily Republican 4th district. The district is now considered to be significantly more competitive for Democrats.
- External links
Areas covered
It covers the entirety of the following counties:
The district covers the majority of:
Small portions of the following counties are also covered:
Competitiveness
This large congressional district covers the mainly rural areas of northern and eastern Arizona. Democrats perform well in Flagstaff, Sedona, and the Navajo Nation among Native Americans, while Republicans are strongest in the more rural white areas. Elections are usually decided by conservative "Pinto Democrats"[5] throughout the rural areas. Due to its vast size, it is extremely difficult to campaign in and has few unifying influences.
George W. Bush received 54% of the vote in this district in 2004. John McCain also carried the district in 2008 with 54% of the vote while Barack Obama received 44%. In the 2012 presidential election Mitt Romney (R) won with 50% of the vote, with Obama receiving 48%. Due to intense competition, this is generally considered a swing district. The redistricting has increased the number of historically Democratic voters.
During the Super Tuesday, February 5, 2008 Arizona Democratic Primary, the district was won by Hillary Clinton with 49% of the vote, while Barack Obama received 42% and John Edwards took 5%. In the Arizona Republican Primary, the 1st district was won by McCain with 46% while Mitt Romney received 35% and Mike Huckabee took in 12% of the vote in the district.
Tom O'Halleran (D) won the congressional seat in 2016. The district was considered very competitive for both parties in the 2016 primaries and general election.
Voting
| Election results from statewide races | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Office | Results |
| 1996 | President | Dole 46 – 45 - 7% |
| 2000 | President | Bush 51 – 44% |
| 2004 | President | Bush 54 – 46% |
| 2008 | President | McCain 54 – 44% |
| 2012 | President | Romney 50 – 48% |
| 2016 | President | Trump 48 – 47% |
| Senate | McCain 48.4 - 45.3% | |
| 2018 | Governor | Ducey 54.3 - 43.1% |
| Attorney General | Contreras 49.894 - 49.892% | |
| Senate | Sinema 50.6 - 46.4% | |
| 2020 | President | Biden 50 – 48% |
| Senate (Spec.) | Kelly 52.1 - 47.9% | |
List of members representing the district
Arizona gained a second congressional seat after the 1940 census. It used a general ticket to elect its representatives until the 1948 elections, when candidates ran from each of the districts.
Recent election results
2002
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Rick Renzi | 85,967 | 49.2% | ||
| Democratic | George Cordova | 79,730 | 45.6% | ||
| Libertarian | Edwin Porr | 8,990 | 5.2% | ||
| Majority | 6,237 | 3.6% | |||
| Total votes | 174,687 | 100.0 | |||
| Republican hold | |||||
2004
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Rick Renzi (Incumbent) | 148,315 | 58.5% | ||
| Democratic | Paul Babbitt | 91,776 | 36.2% | ||
| Libertarian | John Crockett | 13,260 | 5.2% | ||
| Majority | 56,539 | 22.3% | |||
| Total votes | 253,351 | 100.0 | |||
| Republican hold | |||||
2006
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Rick Renzi (Incumbent) | 105,646 | 53.2% | ||
| Democratic | Ellen Simon | 88,691 | 44.7% | ||
| Libertarian | David Schlosser | 4,205 | 2.1% | ||
| Majority | 16,955 | 8.5% | |||
| Total votes | 198,542 | 100.0 | |||
| Republican hold | |||||
2008
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Ann Kirkpatrick | 155,791 | 57.5% | ||
| Republican | Sydney Ann Hay | 109,924 | 40.5% | ||
| Independent | Brent Maupin | 4,124 | 1.5% | ||
| Libertarian | Thane Eichenauer | 1,316 | 0.5% | ||
| Majority | 45,867 | 16.9% | |||
| Total votes | 271,155 | 100.0 | |||
| Democratic gain from Republican | |||||
2010
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Paul Gosar | 112,816 | 49.7% | ||
| Democratic | Ann Kirkpatrick (Incumbent) | 99,233 | 43.7% | ||
| Libertarian | Nicole Patti | 14,869 | 6.6% | ||
| Majority | 13,583 | 6.0% | |||
| Total votes | 226,918 | 100.0 | |||
| Republican gain from Democratic | |||||
2012
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Ann Kirkpatrick | 122,774 | 48.8% | ||
| Republican | Jonathan Paton | 113,594 | 45.2% | ||
| Libertarian | Kim Allen | 15,227 | 6.0% | ||
| Majority | 9,180 | 3.7% | |||
| Total votes | 251,595 | 100.0 | |||
| Democratic gain from Republican | |||||
2014
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Ann Kirkpatrick (Incumbent) | 97,391 | 52.6% | +3.8% | |
| Republican | Andy Tobin | 87,723 | 47.4% | +2.3% | |
| Majority | 9,568 | 5.2% | +1.6% | ||
| Total votes | 185,114 | 100.0 | |||
| Democratic hold | |||||
2016
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Tom O'Halleran | 142,219 | 50.7% | ||
| Republican | Paul Babeu | 121,745 | 43.3% | ||
| Green | Ray Parrish | 16,746 | 6.0% | ||
| Majority | 20,474 | 7.4% | |||
| Total votes | 280,710 | 100.0 | |||
| Democratic hold | |||||
2018
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Tom O'Halleran (Incumbent) | 143,240 | 53.8% | ||
| Republican | Wendy Rogers | 122,784 | 46.2% | ||
| Majority | 20,456 | 7.6% | |||
| Total votes | 266,024 | 100.0 | |||
| Democratic hold | |||||
2020
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Tom O'Halleran (Incumbent) | 188,469 | 51.6% | -2.2 | |
| Republican | Tiffany Shedd | 176,709 | 48.4% | +2.2 | |
| Total votes | 365,178 | 100.0 | |||
| Democratic hold | |||||
Notes
Arizona will hold their Primary Elections on August 2, 2022.[9] Due to redistricting, the Congressional District numbers in Arizona have changed for the 2022 Election Cycle. Through this process, the district numbers have changed the following ways:[10]
- Arizona's 1st Congressional District will become Arizona's 2nd Congressional District
- Arizona's 2nd Congressional District will become Arizona's 6th Congressional District
- Arizona's 3rd Congressional District will become Arizona's 7th Congressional District
- Arizona's 4th Congressional District will become Arizona's 9th Congressional District
- Arizona's 5th Congressional District will remain Arizona's 5th Congressional District
- Arizona's 6th Congressional District will become Arizona's 1st Congressional District
- Arizona's 7th Congressional District will become Arizona's 3rd Congressional District
- Arizona's 8th Congressional District will remain Arizona's 8th Congressional District
- Arizona's 9th Congressional District will become Arizona's 4th Congressional District
There are currently seventeen declared candidates for Arizona's new 1st Congressional District for the 2022 Election Cycle.[10]
| 2022 Arizona's New 1st Congressional District Primary Elections | |||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| Republican | David Schweikert * | TBD | TBD |
| Republican | Cassandra Kimm | TBD | TBD |
| Republican | Steven Krystofiak | TBD | TBD |
| Republican | Andrew Loman | TBD | TBD |
| Republican | Caesar Morrison | TBD | TBD |
| Republican | Cody "Maverick" Moser | TBD | TBD |
| Republican | Elijah Norton | TBD | TBD |
| Republican | Sara Racey | TBD | TBD |
| Republican | Christina Smith | TBD | TBD |
| Democratic | Katie Alex | TBD | TBD |
| Democratic | Jevin Hodge | TBD | TBD |
| Democratic | Stevie LoBosco | TBD | TBD |
| Democratic | Adam Metzendorf | TBD | TBD |
| Democratic | Tallerita Tunney Rogers | TBD | TBD |
| Democratic | Eric Ulis | TBD | TBD |
| Democratic | W. John Williamson | TBD | TBD |
| Libertarian | Jeffrey Metrick | TBD | TBD |
The incumbent office holder is denoted by an *. Any rumored candidates are denoted by an +.
References
- General
- Center for New Media & Promotion (CNMP), US Census Bureau. "My Congressional District". www.census.gov.
- Center for New Media & Promotion (CNMP), US Census Bureau. "My Congressional District". www.census.gov.
- "Introducing the 2021 Cook Political Report Partisan Voter Index". The Cook Political Report. April 15, 2021. Retrieved April 15, 2021.
- "Can Navajo Nation help rescue endangered Dem Congresswoman?". ABC News. October 8, 2010.
- For an explanation of the origin and meaning of the phrase "pinto Democrats" in this context, please see the paragraph in the middle of page 18 [actually. my PDF viewer calls it "page 13", (since it is the 13th page in the PDF file) but ... internally it is "labeled" as "page 18" ... for some reason] of the following reliable source. That paragraph says, (in part), << It was widely known in Arizona politics that there was a large discrepancy between voter registration figures and partisan voting behavior. The state had been solidly Democratic in local politics since 1920; therefore, Republican immigrants to Arizona often registered as Democrats in order to participate in local elections where frequently no Republicans sought office (these GOP voters registered in the opposition party were called "pinto Democrats"). Consequently, voter registration and voter behavior often were very different. >>.
"REDISTRICTING IN THE WEST AND SOUTHWEST" (PDF). the Rose Institute of State and Local Government. p. 18. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 8, 2022. Retrieved April 24, 2022.(QUOTE:) << It was widely known in Arizona politics that there was a large discrepancy between voter registration figures and partisan voting behavior. The state had been solidly Democratic in local politics since 1920; therefore, Republican immigrants to Arizona often registered as Democrats in order to participate in local elections where frequently no Republicans sought office (these GOP voters registered in the opposition party were called "pinto Democrats"). Consequently, voter registration and voter behavior often were very different. >>
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts, 1789–1983. New York: Macmillan Publishing.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789–1989. New York: Macmillan Publishing.
- Congressional Directory: Browse 105th Congress Archived February 17, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
- "Elections Calendar & Upcoming Events | Arizona Secretary of State". azsos.gov. Retrieved January 26, 2022.
- Gunzburger, Ron. "Politics1 - Online Guide to Arizona Elections, Candidates & Politics". politics1.com. Retrieved January 26, 2022.
- Specific
- Demographic data from census.gov
- 1998 election data from CNN.com
- 2000 election data from CNN.com
- 2002 Election Data from CBSNews
- 2004 Election Data from CNN.com
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
- Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present
External links
- Rose Institute of State and Local Government, "Arizona: 2010 Redistricting Changes: First District", Redistricting by State, Claremont, CA: Claremont McKenna College, archived from the original on September 15, 2020
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