ATM (computer)
ATM (ATM Turbo) is a ZX Spectrum clone, developed in Moscow in 1991,[1] by two firms, MicroArt and ATM. It offers enhanced characteristics, compared to the original Spectrum, such as a Z80 at 7 MHz, 1024 kB RAM, 128 kB ROM, AY-8910 (two ones in upgraded models), 8-bit DAC, 8-bit 8-channel ADC, RS-232, Centronics, Beta Disk Interface, IDE interface, AT/XT keyboard, text mode (80x25, 16 colours, 8x8 pattern), and three new graphics modes.
![]() ATM Turbo 2+ motherboard | |
Developer | MicroArt and ATM; NedoPC |
---|---|
Type | Home computer |
Release date | 1991 |
Operating system | ATM Turbo 1: Sinclair BASIC, TR-DOS, CP/M ATM Turbo 2+: iS-DOS/TASiS, DNA OS, Mr Gluk Reset Service |
CPU | Zilog Z80 @ 3.5 and 7 MHz; 14 MHz (ZX Evolution) |
Memory | 128 to 512 KB (ATM Turbo 1); 128 to 1024 KB (ATM Turbo 2+); 4MB RAM (ZX Evolution) |
Storage | Floppy disk, IDE devices (ATM Turbo 2) |
Removable storage | SD card (ZX Evolution) |
Display | SECAM TV, EGA monitor, VGA monitor (ZX Evolution) |
Graphics | 256x192, 320x200, 640x200 |
Sound | one-bit speaker; AY-3-8910; Covox |
Backward compatibility | Sinclair ZX Spectrum |
Related articles | Pentagon (computer) |
The ATM can be emulated in Unreal Speccy v0.27 and higher.
History
ATM was developed in 1991 based on the Pentagon, a ZX Spectrum clone popular in Russia. In 1992 an upgraded model was introduced, named ATM Turbo 2.[1] Up to 1994 the computer was produced ATM and MicroArt, then the firms separated and production ended.
In 2004 NedoPC (Moscow) resumed production.[2] New versions called ATM Turbo 2+ and ZX Evolution were introduced.
Characteristics
Graphics modes
For compatibility purposes, the original 256 x 192 ZX Spectrum mode is available.
New graphics modes offer expanded abilities:
- 640 x 200 mode, with 2 out of 16 colors per 8x1 pixels. Difference from Profi (computer) is that the ATM can use the full 16 colour set for both ink and paper.
- 320 x 200 mode (16 colours) is ordinary raster mode, but not similar to EGA (it is two-pixel chunky, not planar like EGA). Two games for this mode were converted directly from PC: Prince of Persia and Goblins (computer game), and one from Sony PlayStation: Time Gal. Some other games for this mode exist, like Ball Quest (released in August, 2006).
Palette:
Operating systems
48 Sinclair BASIC, 128 Sinclair BASIC, TR-DOS, CP/M, iS-DOS, TASiS, DNA OS, Mr Gluk Reset Service.
Models
Many models exist. Models before version 6.00 are called ATM 1, later models are called ATM 2(2+) or ATM Turbo 2(2+) or simply Turbo 2+. IDE is available since v6.00.JIO0UBH9BY8B9T7GVC6R The latest model is 7.18.[5][1]
ATM Turbo 1 specifications (1991)
- Processor : Zilog Z80 at 3.5 and 7 MHz (turbo mode)
- RAM : 128 to 512 KB
- ROM : 64 to 128 KB
- Memory manager: standard for ZX Spectrum 128 (memory over 64KB is addressed through a window in the upper 16KB of address space), with the ability to include a zero page of RAM in the lower 16KB of the address space
- Graphics video modes: Standard ZX Spectrum mode (256x192, 2 colors per block of 8x8 pixels from 16 colors), EGA-like mode 320x200, 16 colors per pixel; 640x200 high resolution mode, 2 out of 16 colors per 8x1 pixels
- Color palette : 64 colors, 16 can be used at the same time
- Firmware: BASIC48 / 128; TR-DOS; CP/M 2.2
- Supported external drives: tape recorder; drive
- Sound devices: standard one-bit speaker; AY-3-8910; Covox
- Additional devices: SECAM encoder for connection to color TV; Single-channel DAC; Modem; Centronics interface for connecting a printer; Stereo audio amplifier 2x1W
- Keyboard : mechanical matrix, standard for ZX Spectrum (40 keys, or extended, 64 keys)
ATM Turbo 2 (1993)
New features (relative to ATM Turbo 1):
- Memory manager: the ability to include any page of RAM or ROM in any of the quarters of the address space
- Text mode: 80x25 text video mode, characters are stored in the character generator ROM. It is possible to set any of 16 colors for the symbol and background
- Hardware vertical scrolling in EGA and 640x200 modes
- Supported external drives: controller for IDE devices (hard drives of any capacity, CD-ROM ); Digital PLL added to floppy controller
- Additional devices: eight-channel DAC
- Keyboard: XT keyboard support, on-chip RAM 537RU10
- Removed the following devices: SECAM encoder
ATM Turbo 2+
New features (comparing to ATM Turbo 2):
- RAM: 128 to 1024 KB
- Additional devices: RS-232 interface; Channel switch for DAC
- Keyboard: support for XT and AT keyboards, based on the 1816BE31 (i8031) microcontroller
- Removed the following devices: Modem
- The xBIOS ROM has been specially developed for ATM Turbo 2+ with support for virtual floppies. Also for ATM Turbo 2 (+) there is a ROM version of Mr Gluk Reset Service.
ZX Evolution
New features (comparing to ATM Turbo 2+):
- Turbo mode up to 14 MHz, switchable via menu and software
- 4MB RAM: both ATM Turbo 2 (+) and Pentagon 1024 Expanded Memory Supported
- 2 expansion slots according to the ZXBUS standard for connecting General Sound, etc.
- Flexible architecture based on FPGA (EP1K50) - third-party firmware available
- SD card with transparent BIOS support (EVO RESET SERVICE)
- Added VGA video output
- Non-volatile clock according to Mr Gluk standard, IDE interface according to Nemo standard, mouse according to Kempston Mouse standard
- Video scan rate from the Pentagon computer, with full support of all border and multicolor effects
References
- "КОМПЬЮТЕРУ АТМ-ТУРБО 30 ЛЕТ!". invertor.ru.
- "Официальный сайт группы NedoPC!". www.nedopc.com.
- "Официальный сайт поддержки ATM-turbo 1,2,2+". atmturbo.nedopc.com.
- "Virtual TR-DOS". vtrd.in.
- "ATM-Turbo 1,2(+),3/ZX-Evolution". atmturbo.nedopc.com.
- "Prince of Persia 1 ATM Turbo". www.popuw.com.
- ru:ATM Turbo